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<a href="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere远程代码执行漏洞分析</a>
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<time title="创建时间：2020-05-04 16:04:51 / 修改时间：16:06:03" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-05-04T16:04:51+08:00">2020-05-04</time>
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<span>3 分钟</span>
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<h1 id="0x00-前言"><a href="#0x00-前言" class="headerlink" title="0x00 前言"></a>0x00 前言</h1><p><img src="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/D076B92F-FC4E-4E1A-BF46-05C177B089B6.png" alt="1fa05c10bac6777c80d6a9dd02ac9104"><br>最近看到CVE-2020-1947的漏洞公告和相关漏洞预警文章，但文章经过各种打码和遮掩，让人摸不着头发。于是决定从环境搭建到漏洞利用都实际操作一遍。</p>
<h1 id="0x01-漏洞描述"><a href="#0x01-漏洞描述" class="headerlink" title="0x01 漏洞描述"></a>0x01 漏洞描述</h1><p>Apache ShardingSphere(Incubator) 是一套开源的分布式数据库中间件解决方案组成的生态圈，它由Sharding-JDBC、Sharding-Proxy和Sharding-Sidecar（规划中）这3款相互独立，却又能够混合部署配合使用的产品组成。它们均提供标准化的数据分片、分布式事务和数据库治理功能，可适用于如Java同构、异构语言、云原生等各种多样化的应用场景。</p>
<h1 id="0x02-影响范围"><a href="#0x02-影响范围" class="headerlink" title="0x02 影响范围"></a>0x02 影响范围</h1><ul>
<li>Apache ShardingSphere < 4.0.1</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="0x03-环境搭建"><a href="#0x03-环境搭建" class="headerlink" title="0x03 环境搭建"></a>0x03 环境搭建</h1><h2 id="安装Sharding-UI"><a href="#安装Sharding-UI" class="headerlink" title="安装Sharding-UI"></a>安装Sharding-UI</h2><p>从官网下载v4.0.0版本的Sharding-UI：<br><a href="https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/cn/downloads/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/cn/downloads/</a><br><img src="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/06154568-7924-463F-9701-38D3E382174E.png" alt="1f63a817a514a8cd564a49026c4034d9"><br>运行bin目录下的start.sh即可。<br><img src="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/221E4A86-75F8-4C86-8172-F0E3E3DA0A3A.png" alt="2e38736c629f719b222a5c5a85e9e217"><br>然后访问<code>http://localhost:8088/</code>,默认账号密码<code>admin/admin</code>，即可登录。<br><img src="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/1BE3739D-7AA4-45F5-AD4D-9DE511FEE16A.png" alt="731293d1f4c263ee1f32d8c89e382b6c"><br>顺带一提，在<code>conf/application.properties</code>中存储了WEB端的端口和账号密码。<br><img src="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-1947-ApacheShardingSphere%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/8AF8C830-959F-4194-B70F-34FEACE81A9A.png" alt="8f7bf3ea5b72138e7fbe858392a7ce97"></p>
<h2 id="安装Zookeeper"><a href="#安装Zookeeper" class="headerlink" title="安装Zookeeper"></a>安装Zookeeper</h2>
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<a href="/2020/05/04/CVE-2020-0688-Exchange%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">CVE-2020-0688-Exchange服务的远程代码执行漏洞</a>
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<h1 id="0x01-漏洞描述"><a href="#0x01-漏洞描述" class="headerlink" title="0x01 漏洞描述"></a>0x01 漏洞描述</h1><p>Microsoft Exchange Server是微软公司推出的一套商业电子邮件系统，因其稳定、易用、安全等特点在全球多个行业被广泛地应用。<br>所有Microsoft Exchange Server在安装后的web.config文件中都拥有相同的validationKey和decryptionKey，而这些密钥是用于保证ViewState的安全性。由于使用了静态密钥，经过身份验证的攻击者可以欺骗目标服务器反序列化恶意创建的__VIEWSTATE数据。在YSoSerial.net的帮助下，攻击者可以在Exchange Control Panel web应用上执行任意.net代码。Exchange 是以SYSTEM权限启用的IIS，因此普通登录用户也可通过反序列化达到提权的目的，进而可以获取域管理的权限。</p>
<h1 id="0x02-影响范围"><a href="#0x02-影响范围" class="headerlink" title="0x02 影响范围"></a>0x02 影响范围</h1><ul>
<li>Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 Service Pack 3</li>
<li>Microsoft Exchange Server 2013</li>
<li>Microsoft Exchange Server 2016</li>
<li>Microsoft Exchange Server 2019</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>注意：Exchange Server 2010默认使用.net v2.0，而ysoserial.net对.net v2.0的兼容性并不良好，导致漏洞利用难度高。</strong></p>
<h1 id="0x03-漏洞利用"><a href="#0x03-漏洞利用" class="headerlink" title="0x03 漏洞利用"></a>0x03 漏洞利用</h1><p>复现环境：<br>Windows Server 2012R2<br>Exchange Server 2016</p>
<p>普通域用户：<br>nsfocus\liuruo</p>
<p>想要成功利用漏洞共需4个关键参数：</p>
<ul>
<li>validationkey = CB2721ABDAF8E9DC516D621D8B8BF13A2C9E8689A25303BF （默认不变）</li>
<li>validationalg = SHA1 （默认不变）</li>
<li>__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR （从返回包中提取）</li>
<li>ASP.NET_SessionId （从Cookie中提取）</li>
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<p>by 3t2ugg1e</p>
<h1 id="argue参数污染"><a href="#argue参数污染" class="headerlink" title="argue参数污染"></a>argue参数污染</h1><p><strong>使用adminstrator或system权限</strong><br>Use:</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">argue [command] [fake arguments]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>注意：fake arguments应该比真实的要长</strong></p>
<h2 id="示例1：powershell一句话上线"><a href="#示例1：powershell一句话上线" class="headerlink" title="示例1：powershell一句话上线"></a>示例1：powershell一句话上线</h2><p>直接运行powershell.exe一句话上线命令，会直接被360拦截<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/E0811C7A-AEE5-4907-A270-2E607D9C5DDC.png" alt="003039c03bff343c52f3d3e462f68b27"><br>使用processmonitor检查，发现是传递的是真实参数<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/EAF02A5C-35A2-4985-8492-DE6B61C7E388.png" alt="dced7af413a6081977fb7401487eb5aa"></p>
<p>使用cobalt strike的argue参数污染：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">argue powershell.exe xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>再运行argue，检查污染结果<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/85ECFD1A-C7D3-4FD5-89F8-1C8FBF6B136F.png" alt="1dca893d08fac818ca8d34f10eb91a06"><br>execute执行powershell.exe（shell命令不会成功，因为shell本质是cmd.exe /c arguments）<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/C19451C9-1990-436D-9678-81C2A24E8D72.png" alt="34211393c88e97a1cd2b4bcd876d8e99"><br>使用processmonitor检查，发现参数污染成功，且360未拦截powershell.exe<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/387C8346-FCCA-4D45-A377-95EDD0170BF3.png" alt="618af8d5f7c193ae2f5b85875f9f6c10"><br>成功上线！<br><img src="/2020/05/04/cobaltstrike%E7%9A%84argue%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B/0121B908-46DD-4A31-8617-88A87DF60804.png" alt="9e8342c1a3e8f6079168ebdfac737269"></p>
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<h1 id="0x01-需求"><a href="#0x01-需求" class="headerlink" title="0x01 需求"></a>0x01 需求</h1><p>kerberos协议学习中，使用WireShark解密KRB5中的enc-part部分，获得TGT和TGS详情。<br><img src="/2020/05/04/WireShark%E8%A7%A3%E5%AF%86KRB5%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84enc-part/052A055D-8A21-472D-A4C1-44EA33EB38B2.png" alt="0e9c620c1c293b04578093023806155b"></p>
<h1 id="0x02-过程"><a href="#0x02-过程" class="headerlink" title="0x02 过程"></a>0x02 过程</h1><h2 id="ntds-dit和system-hive"><a href="#ntds-dit和system-hive" class="headerlink" title="ntds.dit和system.hive"></a>ntds.dit和system.hive</h2><p>首先在域控上使用ntdsutil方法导出ntds.dit和system.hive。</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ntdsutil</span><br><span class="line">activate instance ntds</span><br><span class="line">ifm</span><br><span class="line">create full C:\ntdsutil</span><br><span class="line">quit</span><br><span class="line">quit</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="/2020/05/04/WireShark%E8%A7%A3%E5%AF%86KRB5%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84enc-part/B1D01520-0E0F-4CFB-AE01-A90561B3D0F9.png" alt="ede4e38ecb8a4fb2cc9e256ed3e62130"></p>
<p>获得活动目录数据库（ntds.dit）和解密密钥（system.hive）.</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">C:\ntdsutil\Active Directory\ntds.dit</span><br><span class="line">C:\ntdsutil\registry\SYSTEM //该文件就是system.hive</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p>使用strace来获取ssh密码的方法并不是100％有效的，因为strace的输出在不同linux发行版上会发生变化，需要有针对性的写匹配规则，于是乎就找到了另一种方法PAM劫持SSH密码。参考链接在最后。</p>
<h1 id="使用说明"><a href="#使用说明" class="headerlink" title="使用说明"></a>使用说明</h1><h2 id="编译"><a href="#编译" class="headerlink" title="编译"></a>编译</h2><p>下载sshLooterC项目：<br><a href="https://github.com/mthbernardes/sshLooterC" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/mthbernardes/sshLooterC</a></p>
<p>编译时需要安装依赖。<br>Centos7：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum -y install curl-devel pam-devel</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Ubuntu16：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libpam0g-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>源项目代码里有一些Bug，需要修改一下。</p>
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