blockchain.rs

// Copyright 2015-2020 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of Open Ethereum.

// Open Ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.

// Open Ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Open Ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

use std::str::from_utf8;
use std::{io, fs};
use std::io::{BufReader, BufRead};
use std::time::{Instant, Duration};
use std::thread::sleep;
use std::sync::Arc;

use rustc_hex::FromHex;
use hash::{keccak, KECCAK_NULL_RLP};
use ethereum_types::{U256, H256, Address};
use bytes::ToPretty;
use rlp::PayloadInfo;
use client_traits::{BlockChainReset, Nonce, Balance, BlockChainClient, ImportExportBlocks};
use ethcore::{
	client::{DatabaseCompactionProfile},
	miner::Miner,
};
use ethcore_service::ClientService;
use cache::CacheConfig;
use informant::{Informant, FullNodeInformantData};
use params::{SpecType, Pruning, Switch, tracing_switch_to_bool, fatdb_switch_to_bool};
use helpers::{to_client_config, execute_upgrades};
use dir::Directories;
use user_defaults::UserDefaults;
use ethcore_private_tx;
use db;
use ansi_term::Colour;
use types::{
	ids::BlockId,
	errors::{ImportError, EthcoreError},
	client_types::{Mode, StateResult},
};
use types::data_format::DataFormat;
use verification::queue::VerifierSettings;

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum BlockchainCmd {
	Kill(KillBlockchain),
	Import(ImportBlockchain),
	Export(ExportBlockchain),
	ExportState(ExportState),
	Reset(ResetBlockchain)
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub struct ResetBlockchain {
	pub dirs: Directories,
	pub spec: SpecType,
	pub pruning: Pruning,
	pub pruning_history: u64,
	pub pruning_memory: usize,
	pub tracing: Switch,
	pub fat_db: Switch,
	pub compaction: DatabaseCompactionProfile,
	pub cache_config: CacheConfig,
	pub num: u32,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub struct KillBlockchain {
	pub spec: SpecType,
	pub dirs: Directories,
	pub pruning: Pruning,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub struct ImportBlockchain {
	pub spec: SpecType,
	pub cache_config: CacheConfig,
	pub dirs: Directories,
	pub file_path: Option<String>,
	pub format: Option<DataFormat>,
	pub pruning: Pruning,
	pub pruning_history: u64,
	pub pruning_memory: usize,
	pub compaction: DatabaseCompactionProfile,
	pub tracing: Switch,
	pub fat_db: Switch,
	pub check_seal: bool,
	pub with_color: bool,
	pub verifier_settings: VerifierSettings,
	pub light: bool,
	pub max_round_blocks_to_import: usize,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub struct ExportBlockchain {
	pub spec: SpecType,
	pub cache_config: CacheConfig,
	pub dirs: Directories,
	pub file_path: Option<String>,
	pub format: Option<DataFormat>,
	pub pruning: Pruning,
	pub pruning_history: u64,
	pub pruning_memory: usize,
	pub compaction: DatabaseCompactionProfile,
	pub fat_db: Switch,
	pub tracing: Switch,
	pub from_block: BlockId,
	pub to_block: BlockId,
	pub check_seal: bool,
	pub max_round_blocks_to_import: usize,
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
pub struct ExportState {
	pub spec: SpecType,
	pub cache_config: CacheConfig,
	pub dirs: Directories,
	pub file_path: Option<String>,
	pub format: Option<DataFormat>,
	pub pruning: Pruning,
	pub pruning_history: u64,
	pub pruning_memory: usize,
	pub compaction: DatabaseCompactionProfile,
	pub fat_db: Switch,
	pub tracing: Switch,
	pub at: BlockId,
	pub storage: bool,
	pub code: bool,
	pub min_balance: Option<U256>,
	pub max_balance: Option<U256>,
	pub max_round_blocks_to_import: usize,
}

pub fn execute(cmd: BlockchainCmd) -> Result<(), String> {
	match cmd {
		BlockchainCmd::Kill(kill_cmd) => kill_db(kill_cmd),
		BlockchainCmd::Import(import_cmd) => {
			if import_cmd.light {
				execute_import_light(import_cmd)
			} else {
				execute_import(import_cmd)
			}
		}
		BlockchainCmd::Export(export_cmd) => execute_export(export_cmd),
		BlockchainCmd::ExportState(export_cmd) => execute_export_state(export_cmd),
		BlockchainCmd::Reset(reset_cmd) => execute_reset(reset_cmd),
	}
}

fn execute_import_light(cmd: ImportBlockchain) -> Result<(), String> {
	use light::client::{Service as LightClientService, Config as LightClientConfig};
	use light::cache::Cache as LightDataCache;
	use parking_lot::Mutex;

	let timer = Instant::now();

	// load spec file
	let spec = cmd.spec.spec(&cmd.dirs.cache)?;

	// load genesis hash
	let genesis_hash = spec.genesis_header().hash();

	// database paths
	let db_dirs = cmd.dirs.database(genesis_hash, None, spec.data_dir.clone());

	// user defaults path
	let user_defaults_path = db_dirs.user_defaults_path();

	// load user defaults
	let user_defaults = UserDefaults::load(&user_defaults_path)?;

	// select pruning algorithm
	let algorithm = cmd.pruning.to_algorithm(&user_defaults);

	// prepare client and snapshot paths.
	let client_path = db_dirs.client_path(algorithm);

	// execute upgrades
	execute_upgrades(&cmd.dirs.base, &db_dirs, algorithm, &cmd.compaction)?;

	// create dirs used by parity
	cmd.dirs.create_dirs(false, false)?;

	let cache = Arc::new(Mutex::new(
		LightDataCache::new(Default::default(), Duration::new(0, 0))
	));

	let mut config = LightClientConfig {
		queue: Default::default(),
		chain_column: ethcore_db::COL_LIGHT_CHAIN,
		verify_full: true,
		check_seal: cmd.check_seal,
		no_hardcoded_sync: true,
	};

	config.queue.max_mem_use = cmd.cache_config.queue() as usize * 1024 * 1024;
	config.queue.verifier_settings = cmd.verifier_settings;

	// initialize database.
	let db = db::open_db_light(
		&client_path.to_str().expect("DB path could not be converted to string."),
		&cmd.cache_config,
		&cmd.compaction,
	).map_err(|e| format!("Failed to open database: {:?}", e))?;

	// TODO: could epoch signals be available at the end of the file?
	let fetch = ::light::client::fetch::unavailable();
	let service = LightClientService::start(config, &spec, fetch, db, cache)
		.map_err(|e| format!("Failed to start client: {}", e))?;

	// free up the spec in memory.
	drop(spec);

	let client = service.client();

	let mut instream: Box<dyn io::Read> = match cmd.file_path {
		Some(f) => Box::new(fs::File::open(&f).map_err(|_| format!("Cannot open given file: {}", f))?),
		None => Box::new(io::stdin()),
	};

	const READAHEAD_BYTES: usize = 8;

	let mut first_bytes: Vec<u8> = vec![0; READAHEAD_BYTES];
	let mut first_read = 0;

	let format = match cmd.format {
		Some(format) => format,
		None => {
			first_read = instream.read(&mut first_bytes).map_err(|_| "Error reading from the file/stream.")?;
			match first_bytes[0] {
				0xf9 => DataFormat::Binary,
				_ => DataFormat::Hex,
			}
		}
	};

	let do_import = |bytes: Vec<u8>| {
		while client.queue_info().is_full() { sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)); }

		let header: ::types::header::Header = ::rlp::Rlp::new(&bytes).val_at(0)
			.map_err(|e| format!("Bad block: {}", e))?;

		if client.best_block_header().number() >= header.number() { return Ok(()) }

		if header.number() % 10000 == 0 {
			info!("#{}", header.number());
		}

		match client.import_header(header) {
			Err(EthcoreError::Import(ImportError::AlreadyInChain)) => {
				trace!("Skipping block already in chain.");
			}
			Err(e) => {
				return Err(format!("Cannot import block: {:?}", e));
			},
			Ok(_) => {},
		}
		Ok(())
	};

	match format {
		DataFormat::Binary => {
			loop {
				let mut bytes = if first_read > 0 {first_bytes.clone()} else {vec![0; READAHEAD_BYTES]};
				let n = if first_read > 0 {
					first_read
				} else {
					instream.read(&mut bytes).map_err(|_| "Error reading from the file/stream.")?
				};
				if n == 0 { break; }
				first_read = 0;
				let s = PayloadInfo::from(&bytes).map_err(|e| format!("Invalid RLP in the file/stream: {:?}", e))?.total();
				bytes.resize(s, 0);
				instream.read_exact(&mut bytes[n..]).map_err(|_| "Error reading from the file/stream.")?;
				do_import(bytes)?;
			}
		}
		DataFormat::Hex => {
			for line in BufReader::new(instream).lines() {
				let s = line.map_err(|_| "Error reading from the file/stream.")?;
				let s = if first_read > 0 {from_utf8(&first_bytes).unwrap().to_owned() + &(s[..])} else {s};
				first_read = 0;
				let bytes = s.from_hex().map_err(|_| "Invalid hex in file/stream.")?;
				do_import(bytes)?;
			}
		}
	}
	client.flush_queue();

	let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
	let report = client.report();

	info!("Import completed in {} seconds, {} headers, {} hdr/s",
		elapsed.as_secs(),
		report.blocks_imported,
		(report.blocks_imported as u128 * 1000) / elapsed.as_millis(),
	);

	Ok(())
}

fn execute_import(cmd: ImportBlockchain) -> Result<(), String> {
	let timer = Instant::now();

	// load spec file
	let spec = cmd.spec.spec(&cmd.dirs.cache)?;

	// load genesis hash
	let genesis_hash = spec.genesis_header().hash();

	// database paths
	let db_dirs = cmd.dirs.database(genesis_hash, None, spec.data_dir.clone());

	// user defaults path
	let user_defaults_path = db_dirs.user_defaults_path();

	// load user defaults
	let mut user_defaults = UserDefaults::load(&user_defaults_path)?;

	// select pruning algorithm
	let algorithm = cmd.pruning.to_algorithm(&user_defaults);

	// check if tracing is on
	let tracing = tracing_switch_to_bool(cmd.tracing, &user_defaults)?;

	// check if fatdb is on
	let fat_db = fatdb_switch_to_bool(cmd.fat_db, &user_defaults, algorithm)?;

	// prepare client and snapshot paths.
	let client_path = db_dirs.client_path(algorithm);
	let snapshot_path = db_dirs.snapshot_path();

	// execute upgrades
	execute_upgrades(&cmd.dirs.base, &db_dirs, algorithm, &cmd.compaction)?;

	// create dirs used by parity
	cmd.dirs.create_dirs(false, false)?;

	// prepare client config
	let mut client_config = to_client_config(
		&cmd.cache_config,
		spec.name.to_lowercase(),
		Mode::Active,
		tracing,
		fat_db,
		cmd.compaction,
		"".into(),
		algorithm,
		cmd.pruning_history,
		cmd.pruning_memory,
		cmd.check_seal,
		12,
		None,
	);

	client_config.queue.verifier_settings = cmd.verifier_settings;

	let restoration_db_handler = db::restoration_db_handler(&client_path, &client_config);
	let client_db = restoration_db_handler.open(&client_path)
		.map_err(|e| format!("Failed to open database {:?}", e))?;

	// build client
	let service = ClientService::start(
		client_config,
		&spec,
		client_db,
		&snapshot_path,
		restoration_db_handler,
		&cmd.dirs.ipc_path(),
		// TODO [ToDr] don't use test miner here
		// (actually don't require miner at all)
		Arc::new(Miner::new_for_tests(&spec, None)),
		Arc::new(ethcore_private_tx::DummySigner),
		Box::new(ethcore_private_tx::NoopEncryptor),
		Default::default(),
		Default::default(),
	).map_err(|e| format!("Client service error: {:?}", e))?;

	// free up the spec in memory.
	drop(spec);

	let client = service.client();

	let instream: Box<dyn io::Read> = match cmd.file_path {
		Some(f) => Box::new(fs::File::open(&f).map_err(|_| format!("Cannot open given file: {}", f))?),
		None => Box::new(io::stdin()),
	};

	let informant = Arc::new(Informant::new(
		FullNodeInformantData {
			client: client.clone(),
			sync: None,
			net: None,
		},
		None,
		None,
		cmd.with_color,
	));

	service.register_io_handler(informant).map_err(|_| "Unable to register informant handler".to_owned())?;

	client.import_blocks(instream, cmd.format)?;

	// save user defaults
	user_defaults.pruning = algorithm;
	user_defaults.tracing = tracing;
	user_defaults.fat_db = fat_db;
	user_defaults.save(&user_defaults_path)?;

	let report = client.report();
	let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
	let ms = timer.elapsed().as_millis();
	info!("Import completed in {} seconds, {} blocks, {} blk/s, {} transactions, {} tx/s, {} Mgas, {} Mgas/s",
		elapsed.as_secs(),
		report.blocks_imported,
		(report.blocks_imported as u128 * 1000) / ms,
		report.transactions_applied,
		(report.transactions_applied as u128 * 1000) / ms,
		report.gas_processed / 1_000_000,
		report.gas_processed / (ms * 1000),
	);
	Ok(())
}

fn start_client(
	dirs: Directories,
	spec: SpecType,
	pruning: Pruning,
	pruning_history: u64,
	pruning_memory: usize,
	tracing: Switch,
	fat_db: Switch,
	compaction: DatabaseCompactionProfile,
	cache_config: CacheConfig,
	require_fat_db: bool,
	max_round_blocks_to_import: usize,
) -> Result<ClientService, String> {

	// load spec file
	let spec = spec.spec(&dirs.cache)?;

	// load genesis hash
	let genesis_hash = spec.genesis_header().hash();

	// database paths
	let db_dirs = dirs.database(genesis_hash, None, spec.data_dir.clone());

	// user defaults path
	let user_defaults_path = db_dirs.user_defaults_path();

	// load user defaults
	let user_defaults = UserDefaults::load(&user_defaults_path)?;

	// select pruning algorithm
	let algorithm = pruning.to_algorithm(&user_defaults);

	// check if tracing is on
	let tracing = tracing_switch_to_bool(tracing, &user_defaults)?;

	// check if fatdb is on
	let fat_db = fatdb_switch_to_bool(fat_db, &user_defaults, algorithm)?;
	if !fat_db && require_fat_db {
		return Err("This command requires Parity to be synced with --fat-db on.".to_owned());
	}

	// prepare client and snapshot paths.
	let client_path = db_dirs.client_path(algorithm);
	let snapshot_path = db_dirs.snapshot_path();

	// execute upgrades
	execute_upgrades(&dirs.base, &db_dirs, algorithm, &compaction)?;

	// create dirs used by parity
	dirs.create_dirs(false, false)?;

	// prepare client config
	let client_config = to_client_config(
		&cache_config,
		spec.name.to_lowercase(),
		Mode::Active,
		tracing,
		fat_db,
		compaction,
		"".into(),
		algorithm,
		pruning_history,
		pruning_memory,
		true,
		max_round_blocks_to_import,
		None
	);

	let restoration_db_handler = db::restoration_db_handler(&client_path, &client_config);
	let client_db = restoration_db_handler.open(&client_path)
		.map_err(|e| format!("Failed to open database {:?}", e))?;

	let service = ClientService::start(
		client_config,
		&spec,
		client_db,
		&snapshot_path,
		restoration_db_handler,
		&dirs.ipc_path(),
		// It's fine to use test version here,
		// since we don't care about miner parameters at all
		Arc::new(Miner::new_for_tests(&spec, None)),
		Arc::new(ethcore_private_tx::DummySigner),
		Box::new(ethcore_private_tx::NoopEncryptor),
		Default::default(),
		Default::default(),
	).map_err(|e| format!("Client service error: {:?}", e))?;

	drop(spec);
	Ok(service)
}

fn execute_export(cmd: ExportBlockchain) -> Result<(), String> {
	let service = start_client(
		cmd.dirs,
		cmd.spec,
		cmd.pruning,
		cmd.pruning_history,
		cmd.pruning_memory,
		cmd.tracing,
		cmd.fat_db,
		cmd.compaction,
		cmd.cache_config,
		false,
		cmd.max_round_blocks_to_import,
	)?;
	let client = service.client();

	let out: Box<dyn io::Write> = match cmd.file_path {
		Some(f) => Box::new(fs::File::create(&f).map_err(|_| format!("Cannot write to file given: {}", f))?),
		None => Box::new(io::stdout()),
	};

	client.export_blocks(out, cmd.from_block, cmd.to_block, cmd.format)?;

	info!("Export completed.");
	Ok(())
}

fn execute_export_state(cmd: ExportState) -> Result<(), String> {
	let service = start_client(
		cmd.dirs,
		cmd.spec,
		cmd.pruning,
		cmd.pruning_history,
		cmd.pruning_memory,
		cmd.tracing,
		cmd.fat_db,
		cmd.compaction,
		cmd.cache_config,
		true,
		cmd.max_round_blocks_to_import,
	)?;

	let client = service.client();

	let mut out: Box<dyn io::Write> = match cmd.file_path {
		Some(f) => Box::new(fs::File::create(&f).map_err(|_| format!("Cannot write to file given: {}", f))?),
		None => Box::new(io::stdout()),
	};

	let mut last: Option<Address> = None;
	let at = cmd.at;
	let mut i = 0usize;

	out.write_fmt(format_args!("{{ \"state\": {{", )).expect("Couldn't write to stream.");
	loop {
		let accounts = client.list_accounts(at, last.as_ref(), 1000).ok_or("Specified block not found")?;
		if accounts.is_empty() {
			break;
		}

		for account in accounts.into_iter() {
			let balance = client.balance(&account, at.into()).unwrap_or_else(U256::zero);
			if cmd.min_balance.map_or(false, |m| balance < m) || cmd.max_balance.map_or(false, |m| balance > m) {
				last = Some(account);
				continue; //filtered out
			}

			if i != 0 {
				out.write(b",").expect("Write error");
			}
			out.write_fmt(format_args!("\n\"0x{:x}\": {{\"balance\": \"{:x}\", \"nonce\": \"{:x}\"", account, balance, client.nonce(&account, at).unwrap_or_else(U256::zero))).expect("Write error");
			let code = match client.code(&account, at.into()) {
				StateResult::Missing => Vec::new(),
				StateResult::Some(t) => t.unwrap_or_else(Vec::new),
			};
			if !code.is_empty() {
				out.write_fmt(format_args!(", \"code_hash\": \"0x{:x}\"", keccak(&code))).expect("Write error");
				if cmd.code {
					out.write_fmt(format_args!(", \"code\": \"{}\"", code.to_hex())).expect("Write error");
				}
			}
			let storage_root = client.storage_root(&account, at).unwrap_or(KECCAK_NULL_RLP);
			if storage_root != KECCAK_NULL_RLP {
				out.write_fmt(format_args!(", \"storage_root\": \"0x{:x}\"", storage_root)).expect("Write error");
				if cmd.storage {
					out.write_fmt(format_args!(", \"storage\": {{")).expect("Write error");
					let mut last_storage: Option<H256> = None;
					loop {
						let keys = client.list_storage(at, &account, last_storage.as_ref(), Some(1000)).ok_or("Specified block not found")?;
						if keys.is_empty() {
							break;
						}

						for key in keys.into_iter() {
							if last_storage.is_some() {
								out.write(b",").expect("Write error");
							}
							out.write_fmt(format_args!("\n\t\"0x{:x}\": \"0x{:x}\"", key, client.storage_at(&account, &key, at.into()).unwrap_or_else(Default::default))).expect("Write error");
							last_storage = Some(key);
						}
					}
					out.write(b"\n}").expect("Write error");
				}
			}
			out.write(b"}").expect("Write error");
			i += 1;
			if i % 10000 == 0 {
				info!("Account #{}", i);
			}
			last = Some(account);
		}
	}
	out.write_fmt(format_args!("\n}}}}")).expect("Write error");
	info!("Export completed.");
	Ok(())
}

fn execute_reset(cmd: ResetBlockchain) -> Result<(), String> {
	let service = start_client(
		cmd.dirs,
		cmd.spec,
		cmd.pruning,
		cmd.pruning_history,
		cmd.pruning_memory,
		cmd.tracing,
		cmd.fat_db,
		cmd.compaction,
		cmd.cache_config,
		false,
		0,
	)?;

	let client = service.client();
	client.reset(cmd.num)?;
	info!("{}", Colour::Green.bold().paint("Successfully reset db!"));

	Ok(())
}

pub fn kill_db(cmd: KillBlockchain) -> Result<(), String> {
	let spec = cmd.spec.spec(&cmd.dirs.cache)?;
	let genesis_hash = spec.genesis_header().hash();
	let db_dirs = cmd.dirs.database(genesis_hash, None, spec.data_dir);
	let user_defaults_path = db_dirs.user_defaults_path();
	let mut user_defaults = UserDefaults::load(&user_defaults_path)?;
	let algorithm = cmd.pruning.to_algorithm(&user_defaults);
	let dir = db_dirs.db_path(algorithm);
	fs::remove_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|e| format!("Error removing database: {:?}", e))?;
	user_defaults.is_first_launch = true;
	user_defaults.save(&user_defaults_path)?;
	info!("Database deleted.");
	Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
	use super::DataFormat;

	#[test]
	fn test_data_format_parsing() {
		assert_eq!(DataFormat::Binary, "binary".parse().unwrap());
		assert_eq!(DataFormat::Binary, "bin".parse().unwrap());
		assert_eq!(DataFormat::Hex, "hex".parse().unwrap());
	}
}