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| 1 | +package pp.arithmetic.leetcode; |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +import java.util.HashMap; |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +/** |
| 6 | + * Created by wangpeng on 2019-05-09. |
| 7 | + * 264. 丑数 II |
| 8 | + * <p> |
| 9 | + * 编写一个程序,找出第 n 个丑数。 |
| 10 | + * <p> |
| 11 | + * 丑数就是只包含质因数 2, 3, 5 的正整数。 |
| 12 | + * <p> |
| 13 | + * 示例: |
| 14 | + * <p> |
| 15 | + * 输入: n = 10 |
| 16 | + * 输出: 12 |
| 17 | + * 解释: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 是前 10 个丑数。 |
| 18 | + * 说明: |
| 19 | + * <p> |
| 20 | + * 1 是丑数。 |
| 21 | + * n 不超过1690。 |
| 22 | + * |
| 23 | + * @see <a href="https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/ugly-number-ii/">ugly-number-ii</a> |
| 24 | + */ |
| 25 | +public class _264_nthUglyNumber { |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | + public static void main(String[] args) { |
| 28 | + _264_nthUglyNumber nthUglyNumber = new _264_nthUglyNumber(); |
| 29 | + System.out.println(nthUglyNumber.nthUglyNumber(10)); |
| 30 | + long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| 31 | + System.out.println(nthUglyNumber.nthUglyNumber(431)); |
| 32 | + long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| 33 | + System.out.println("循环法计算431耗时:" + (end - start)); |
| 34 | + start = System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| 35 | + System.out.println(nthUglyNumber.nthUglyNumber2(431)); |
| 36 | + end = System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| 37 | + System.out.println("三指针法计算431耗时:" + (end - start)); |
| 38 | + } |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | + /** |
| 41 | + * 解题二:动态规划+三指针 |
| 42 | + * dp保存按序排列的丑数,三指针分别是*2,*3,*5,找出下一个丑数 |
| 43 | + * |
| 44 | + * @param n |
| 45 | + * @return |
| 46 | + */ |
| 47 | + public int nthUglyNumber2(int n) { |
| 48 | + int[] dp = new int[n]; |
| 49 | + dp[0] = 1; |
| 50 | + int i2 = 0, i3 = 0, i5 = 0; |
| 51 | + for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { |
| 52 | + int min = Math.min(dp[i2] * 2, Math.min(dp[i3] * 3, dp[i5] * 5)); |
| 53 | + if (min == dp[i2] * 2) i2++; |
| 54 | + if (min == dp[i3] * 3) i3++; |
| 55 | + if (min == dp[i5] * 5) i5++; |
| 56 | + dp[i] = min; |
| 57 | + } |
| 58 | + |
| 59 | + return dp[n - 1]; |
| 60 | + } |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | + private HashMap<Integer, Boolean> map = new HashMap<>(); |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | + /** |
| 65 | + * 丑数求解过程:首先除2,直到不能整除为止,然后除5到不能整除为止,然后除3直到不能整除为止。 |
| 66 | + * 最终判断剩余的数字是否为1,如果是1则为丑数,否则不是丑数 |
| 67 | + * <p> |
| 68 | + * 解题思路: |
| 69 | + * 从1开始遍历,按丑数求解过程找出满足条件的第n个丑数(提交超时) |
| 70 | + * 思路优化(如何利用之前的计算) |
| 71 | + * |
| 72 | + * @param n |
| 73 | + * @return |
| 74 | + */ |
| 75 | + public int nthUglyNumber(int n) { |
| 76 | + map.put(1, true); |
| 77 | + int uglyCount = 1; |
| 78 | + int retVal = 1; |
| 79 | + for (int i = 2; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++) { |
| 80 | + if (uglyCount >= n) { |
| 81 | + break; |
| 82 | + } |
| 83 | + boolean isUgly = isUglyNumber(i); |
| 84 | + if (isUgly) { |
| 85 | + map.put(i, true); |
| 86 | + uglyCount++; |
| 87 | + retVal = i; |
| 88 | + } |
| 89 | + } |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | + return retVal; |
| 92 | + } |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | + private boolean isUglyNumber(int num) { |
| 95 | + while (num % 2 == 0) { |
| 96 | + num = num / 2; |
| 97 | + if (map.containsKey(num)) return true; |
| 98 | + } |
| 99 | + while (num % 5 == 0) { |
| 100 | + num = num / 5; |
| 101 | + if (map.containsKey(num)) return true; |
| 102 | + } |
| 103 | + while (num % 3 == 0) { |
| 104 | + num = num / 3; |
| 105 | + if (map.containsKey(num)) return true; |
| 106 | + } |
| 107 | + return num == 1; |
| 108 | + } |
| 109 | +} |
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