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audit.rules
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# ___ ___ __ __
# / | __ ______/ (_) /_____/ /
# / /| |/ / / / __ / / __/ __ /
# / ___ / /_/ / /_/ / / /_/ /_/ /
# /_/ |_\__,_/\__,_/_/\__/\__,_/
#
# Linux Audit Daemon - Best Practice Configuration
# /etc/audit/audit.rules
#
# Compiled by Florian Roth
#
# Created : 2017/12/05
# Modified : 2018/08/05
#
# Based on rules published here:
# Gov.uk auditd rules
# https://github.com/gds-operations/puppet-auditd/pull/1
# CentOS 7 hardening
# https://highon.coffee/blog/security-harden-centos-7/#auditd---audit-daemon
# Linux audit repo
# https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-userspace/tree/master/rules
# Auditd high performance linux auditing
# https://linux-audit.com/tuning-auditd-high-performance-linux-auditing/
#
# Further rules
# For PCI DSS compliance see:
# https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-userspace/blob/master/rules/30-pci-dss-v31.rules
# For NISPOM compliance see:
# https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-userspace/blob/master/rules/30-nispom.rules
# Remove any existing rules
-D
# Buffer Size
## Feel free to increase this if the machine panic's
-b 8192
# Failure Mode
## Possible values: 0 (silent), 1 (printk, print a failure message), 2 (panic, halt the system)
-f 1
# Ignore errors
## e.g. caused by users or files not found in the local environment
-i
# Self Auditing ---------------------------------------------------------------
## Audit the audit logs
### Successful and unsuccessful attempts to read information from the audit records
-w /var/log/audit/ -k auditlog
## Auditd configuration
### Modifications to audit configuration that occur while the audit collection functions are operating
-w /etc/audit/ -p wa -k auditconfig
-w /etc/libaudit.conf -p wa -k auditconfig
-w /etc/audisp/ -p wa -k audispconfig
## Monitor for use of audit management tools
-w /sbin/auditctl -p x -k audittools
-w /sbin/auditd -p x -k audittools
# Filters ---------------------------------------------------------------------
### We put these early because audit is a first match wins system.
## Ignore SELinux AVC records
-a always,exclude -F msgtype=AVC
## Ignore current working directory records
-a always,exclude -F msgtype=CWD
## Ignore EOE records (End Of Event, not needed)
-a always,exclude -F msgtype=EOE
## Cron jobs fill the logs with stuff we normally don't want (works with SELinux)
-a never,user -F subj_type=crond_t
-a exit,never -F subj_type=crond_t
## This prevents chrony from overwhelming the logs
-a never,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -F auid=unset -F uid=_chrony -F subj_type=chronyd_t
## This is not very interesting and wastes a lot of space if the server is public facing
-a always,exclude -F msgtype=CRYPTO_KEY_USER
## VMWare tools
-a exit,never -F arch=b32 -S fork -F success=0 -F path=/usr/lib/vmware-tools -F subj_type=initrc_t -F exit=-2
-a exit,never -F arch=b64 -S fork -F success=0 -F path=/usr/lib/vmware-tools -F subj_type=initrc_t -F exit=-2
### High Volume Event Filter (especially on Linux Workstations)
-a exit,never -F arch=b32 -F dir=/dev/shm -k sharedmemaccess
-a exit,never -F arch=b64 -F dir=/dev/shm -k sharedmemaccess
-a exit,never -F arch=b32 -F dir=/var/lock/lvm -k locklvm
-a exit,never -F arch=b64 -F dir=/var/lock/lvm -k locklvm
## More information on how to filter events
### https://access.redhat.com/solutions/2482221
# Rules -----------------------------------------------------------------------
## Kernel parameters
-w /etc/sysctl.conf -p wa -k sysctl
## Kernel module loading and unloading
-a always,exit -F perm=x -F auid!=-1 -F path=/sbin/insmod -k modules
-a always,exit -F perm=x -F auid!=-1 -F path=/sbin/modprobe -k modules
-a always,exit -F perm=x -F auid!=-1 -F path=/sbin/rmmod -k modules
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S finit_module -S init_module -S delete_module -F auid!=-1 -k modules
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S finit_module -S init_module -S delete_module -F auid!=-1 -k modules
## Modprobe configuration
-w /etc/modprobe.conf -p wa -k modprobe
## KExec usage (all actions)
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S kexec_load -k KEXEC
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S sys_kexec_load -k KEXEC
## Special files
-a exit,always -F arch=b32 -S mknod -S mknodat -k specialfiles
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S mknod -S mknodat -k specialfiles
## Mount operations (only attributable)
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S mount -S umount2 -F auid!=-1 -k mount
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S mount -S umount -S umount2 -F auid!=-1 -k mount
# Change swap (only attributable)
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S swapon -S swapoff -F auid!=-1 -k swap
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S swapon -S swapoff -F auid!=-1 -k swap
## Time
-a exit,always -F arch=b32 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -S clock_settime -k time
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -S clock_settime -k time
### Local time zone
-w /etc/localtime -p wa -k localtime
## Stunnel
-w /usr/sbin/stunnel -p x -k stunnel
## Cron configuration & scheduled jobs
-w /etc/cron.allow -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.deny -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.d/ -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.daily/ -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.hourly/ -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.monthly/ -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/cron.weekly/ -p wa -k cron
-w /etc/crontab -p wa -k cron
-w /var/spool/cron/crontabs/ -k cron
## User, group, password databases
-w /etc/group -p wa -k etcgroup
-w /etc/passwd -p wa -k etcpasswd
-w /etc/gshadow -k etcgroup
-w /etc/shadow -k etcpasswd
-w /etc/security/opasswd -k opasswd
## Sudoers file changes
-w /etc/sudoers -p wa -k actions
## Passwd
-w /usr/bin/passwd -p x -k passwd_modification
## Tools to change group identifiers
-w /usr/sbin/groupadd -p x -k group_modification
-w /usr/sbin/groupmod -p x -k group_modification
-w /usr/sbin/addgroup -p x -k group_modification
-w /usr/sbin/useradd -p x -k user_modification
-w /usr/sbin/usermod -p x -k user_modification
-w /usr/sbin/adduser -p x -k user_modification
## Login configuration and information
-w /etc/login.defs -p wa -k login
-w /etc/securetty -p wa -k login
-w /var/log/faillog -p wa -k login
-w /var/log/lastlog -p wa -k login
-w /var/log/tallylog -p wa -k login
## Network Environment
### Changes to hostname
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S sethostname -S setdomainname -k network_modifications
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S sethostname -S setdomainname -k network_modifications
### Changes to other files
-w /etc/hosts -p wa -k network_modifications
-w /etc/sysconfig/network -p wa -k network_modifications
-w /etc/network/ -p wa -k network
-a always,exit -F dir=/etc/NetworkManager/ -F perm=wa -k network_modifications
### Changes to issue
-w /etc/issue -p wa -k etcissue
-w /etc/issue.net -p wa -k etcissue
## System startup scripts
-w /etc/inittab -p wa -k init
-w /etc/init.d/ -p wa -k init
-w /etc/init/ -p wa -k init
## Library search paths
-w /etc/ld.so.conf -p wa -k libpath
## Pam configuration
-w /etc/pam.d/ -p wa -k pam
-w /etc/security/limits.conf -p wa -k pam
-w /etc/security/pam_env.conf -p wa -k pam
-w /etc/security/namespace.conf -p wa -k pam
-w /etc/security/namespace.init -p wa -k pam
## Postfix configuration
-w /etc/aliases -p wa -k mail
-w /etc/postfix/ -p wa -k mail
## SSH configuration
-w /etc/ssh/sshd_config -k sshd
# Systemd
-w /bin/systemctl -p x -k systemd
-w /etc/systemd/ -p wa -k systemd
## SELinux events that modify the system's Mandatory Access Controls (MAC)
-w /etc/selinux/ -p wa -k mac_policy
## Critical elements access failures
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/etc -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/bin -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/sbin -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/usr/bin -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/usr/sbin -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/var -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/home -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/srv -F success=0 -k unauthedfileaccess
## Process ID change (switching accounts) applications
-w /bin/su -p x -k priv_esc
-w /usr/bin/sudo -p x -k priv_esc
-w /etc/sudoers -p rw -k priv_esc
## Power state
-w /sbin/shutdown -p x -k power
-w /sbin/poweroff -p x -k power
-w /sbin/reboot -p x -k power
-w /sbin/halt -p x -k power
## Session initiation information
-w /var/run/utmp -p wa -k session
-w /var/log/btmp -p wa -k session
-w /var/log/wtmp -p wa -k session
## Discretionary Access Control (DAC) modifications
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chmod -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchmod -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchmodat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchownat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fremovexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fsetxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lchown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lremovexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lsetxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S removexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S setxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chmod -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchmod -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchmodat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchownat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fremovexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fsetxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lchown -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lremovexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lsetxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S removexattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S setxattr -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
# Special Rules ---------------------------------------------------------------
## 32bit API Exploitation
### If you are on a 64 bit platform, everything _should_ be running
### in 64 bit mode. This rule will detect any use of the 32 bit syscalls
### because this might be a sign of someone exploiting a hole in the 32
### bit API.
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S all -k 32bit_api
## Reconnaissance
-w /usr/bin/whoami -p x -k recon
-w /etc/issue -p r -k recon
-w /etc/hostname -p r -k recon
## Suspicious activity
-w /usr/bin/wget -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/curl -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/base64 -p x -k susp_activity
-w /bin/nc -p x -k susp_activity
-w /bin/netcat -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/ncat -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/ssh -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/socat -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/wireshark -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/rawshark -p x -k susp_activity
-w /usr/bin/rdesktop -p x -k sbin_susp
## Sbin suspicious activity
-w /sbin/iptables -p x -k sbin_susp
-w /sbin/ifconfig -p x -k sbin_susp
-w /usr/sbin/tcpdump -p x -k sbin_susp
-w /usr/sbin/traceroute -p x -k sbin_susp
## Injection
### These rules watch for code injection by the ptrace facility.
### This could indicate someone trying to do something bad or just debugging
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S ptrace -k tracing
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S ptrace -k tracing
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S ptrace -F a0=0x4 -k code_injection
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S ptrace -F a0=0x4 -k code_injection
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S ptrace -F a0=0x5 -k data_injection
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S ptrace -F a0=0x5 -k data_injection
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S ptrace -F a0=0x6 -k register_injection
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S ptrace -F a0=0x6 -k register_injection
## Privilege Abuse
### The purpose of this rule is to detect when an admin may be abusing power by looking in user's home dir.
-a always,exit -F dir=/home -F uid=0 -F auid>=1000 -F auid!=4294967295 -C auid!=obj_uid -k power_abuse
# Software Management ---------------------------------------------------------
# RPM (Redhat/CentOS)
-w /usr/bin/rpm -p x -k software_mgmt
-w /usr/bin/yum -p x -k software_mgmt
# YAST/Zypper/RPM (SuSE)
-w /sbin/yast -p x -k yast
-w /sbin/yast2 -p x -k yast
-w /bin/rpm -p x -k software_mgmt
-w /usr/bin/zypper -k software_mgmt
# DPKG / APT-GET (Debian/Ubuntu)
-w /usr/bin/dpkg -p x -k software_mgmt
-w /usr/bin/apt-add-repository -p x -k software_mgmt
-w /usr/bin/apt-get -p x -k software_mgmt
-w /usr/bin/aptitude -p x -k software_mgmt
# Special Software ------------------------------------------------------------
## GDS specific secrets
-w /etc/puppet/ssl -p wa -k puppet_ssl
## IBM Bigfix BESClient
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S open -F dir=/opt/BESClient -F success=0 -k soft_besclient
-w /var/opt/BESClient/ -p wa -k soft_besclient
## CHEF https://www.chef.io/chef/
-w /etc/chef -p wa -k soft_chef
### Docker
-w /usr/bin/dockerd -k docker
-w /usr/bin/docker -k docker
-w /usr/bin/docker-containerd -k docker
-w /usr/bin/docker-runc -k docker
-w /var/lib/docker -k docker
-w /etc/docker -k docker
-w /etc/sysconfig/docker -k docker
-w /etc/sysconfig/docker-storage -k docker
-w /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service -k docker
### Kubelet
-w /usr/bin/kubelet -k kubelet
# High volume events ----------------------------------------------------------
## Remove them if the cause to much volumen in your einvironment
## Root command executions
-a exit,always -F arch=b64 -F euid=0 -S execve -k rootcmd
-a exit,always -F arch=b32 -F euid=0 -S execve -k rootcmd
## File Deletion Events by User
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S rmdir -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S rmdir -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete
## File Access
### Unauthorized Access (unsuccessful)
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EACCES -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k file_access
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EPERM -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k file_access
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EACCES -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k file_access
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EPERM -F auid>=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k file_access
### Unsuccessful Creation
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S creat,link,mknod,mkdir,symlink,mknodat,linkat,symlinkat -F exit=-EACCES -k file_creation
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S mkdir,creat,link,symlink,mknod,mknodat,linkat,symlinkat -F exit=-EACCES -k file_creation
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S link,mkdir,symlink,mkdirat -F exit=-EPERM -k file_creation
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S mkdir,link,symlink,mkdirat -F exit=-EPERM -k file_creation
### Unsuccessful Modification
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S rename -S renameat -S truncate -S chmod -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -F exit=-EACCES -k file_modification
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S rename -S renameat -S truncate -S chmod -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -F exit=-EACCES -k file_modification
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S rename -S renameat -S truncate -S chmod -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -F exit=-EPERM -k file_modification
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S rename -S renameat -S truncate -S chmod -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -F exit=-EPERM -k file_modification
# Make the configuration immutable --------------------------------------------
##-e 2