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mysql.1
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'\" t
.\" Title: \fBmysql\fR
.\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author]
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\" Date: 07/12/2018
.\" Manual: MySQL Database System
.\" Source: MySQL 8.0
.\" Language: English
.\"
.TH "\FBMYSQL\FR" "1" "07/12/2018" "MySQL 8\&.0" "MySQL Database System"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
.el .ds Aq '
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * set default formatting
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" disable hyphenation
.nh
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
.ad l
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.SH "NAME"
mysql \- the MySQL command\-line tool
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.HP \w'\fBmysql\ [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB]\ \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR\ 'u
\fBmysql [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB] \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBmysql\fR
is a simple SQL shell with input line editing capabilities\&. It supports interactive and noninteractive use\&. When used interactively, query results are presented in an ASCII\-table format\&. When used noninteractively (for example, as a filter), the result is presented in tab\-separated format\&. The output format can be changed using command options\&.
.PP
If you have problems due to insufficient memory for large result sets, use the
\fB\-\-quick\fR
option\&. This forces
\fBmysql\fR
to retrieve results from the server a row at a time rather than retrieving the entire result set and buffering it in memory before displaying it\&. This is done by returning the result set using the
mysql_use_result()
C API function in the client/server library rather than
mysql_store_result()\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
Alternatively, MySQL Shell offers access to the X DevAPI\&. For details, see
\m[blue]\fBMySQL Shell 8\&.0 (part of MySQL 8\&.0)\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.PP
Using
\fBmysql\fR
is very easy\&. Invoke it from the prompt of your command interpreter as follows:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
shell> \fBmysql \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
Or:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
shell> \fBmysql \-\-user=\fR\fB\fIuser_name\fR\fR\fB \-\-password \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR
Enter password: \fIyour_password\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
Then type an SQL statement, end it with
;,
\eg, or
\eG
and press Enter\&.
.PP
Typing
Control+C
interrupts the current statement if there is one, or cancels any partial input line otherwise\&.
.PP
You can execute SQL statements in a script file (batch file) like this:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
shell> \fBmysql \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR\fB < \fR\fB\fIscript\&.sql\fR\fR\fB > \fR\fB\fIoutput\&.tab\fR\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
On Unix, the
\fBmysql\fR
client logs statements executed interactively to a history file\&. See
the section called \(lqMYSQL LOGGING\(rq\&.
.SH "MYSQL OPTIONS"
.PP
\fBmysql\fR
supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the
[mysql]
and
[client]
groups of an option file\&. For information about option files used by MySQL programs, see
Section\ \&4.2.6, \(lqUsing Option Files\(rq\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-help\fR,
\fB\-?\fR
.sp
Display a help message and exit\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-auto\-rehash\fR
.sp
Enable automatic rehashing\&. This option is on by default, which enables database, table, and column name completion\&. Use
\fB\-\-disable\-auto\-rehash\fR
to disable rehashing\&. That causes
\fBmysql\fR
to start faster, but you must issue the
rehash
command or its
\e#
shortcut if you want to use name completion\&.
.sp
To complete a name, enter the first part and press Tab\&. If the name is unambiguous,
\fBmysql\fR
completes it\&. Otherwise, you can press Tab again to see the possible names that begin with what you have typed so far\&. Completion does not occur if there is no default database\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
This feature requires a MySQL client that is compiled with the
\fBreadline\fR
library\&. Typically, the
\fBreadline\fR
library is not available on Windows\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-auto\-vertical\-output\fR
.sp
Cause result sets to be displayed vertically if they are too wide for the current window, and using normal tabular format otherwise\&. (This applies to statements terminated by
;
or
\eG\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-batch\fR,
\fB\-B\fR
.sp
Print results using tab as the column separator, with each row on a new line\&. With this option,
\fBmysql\fR
does not use the history file\&.
.sp
Batch mode results in nontabular output format and escaping of special characters\&. Escaping may be disabled by using raw mode; see the description for the
\fB\-\-raw\fR
option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-binary\-as\-hex\fR
.sp
When this option is given,
\fBmysql\fR
displays binary data using hexadecimal notation (0x\fIvalue\fR)\&. This occurs whether the overall output dislay format is tabular, vertical, HTML, or XML\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-binary\-mode\fR
.sp
This option helps when processing
\fBmysqlbinlog\fR
output that may contain
BLOB
values\&. By default,
\fBmysql\fR
translates
\er\en
in statement strings to
\en
and interprets
\e0
as the statement terminator\&.
\fB\-\-binary\-mode\fR
disables both features\&. It also disables all
\fBmysql\fR
commands except
charset
and
delimiter
in non\-interactive mode (for input piped to
\fBmysql\fR
or loaded using the
source
command)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-bind\-address=\fR\fB\fIip_address\fR\fR
.sp
On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this option to select which interface to use for connecting to the MySQL server\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-character\-sets\-dir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The directory where character sets are installed\&. See
Section\ \&10.14, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-column\-names\fR
.sp
Write column names in results\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-column\-type\-info\fR
.sp
Display result set metadata\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-comments\fR,
\fB\-c\fR
.sp
Whether to strip or preserve comments in statements sent to the server\&. The default is
\fB\-\-skip\-comments\fR
(strip comments), enable with
\fB\-\-comments\fR
(preserve comments)\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
The
\fBmysql\fR
client always passes optimizer hints to the server, regardless of whether this option is given\&.
.sp
Comment stripping is deprecated\&. This feature and the options to control it will be removed in a future MySQL release\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compress\fR,
\fB\-C\fR
.sp
Compress all information sent between the client and the server if both support compression\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-connect\-expired\-password\fR
.sp
Indicate to the server that the client can handle sandbox mode if the account used to connect has an expired password\&. This can be useful for noninteractive invocations of
\fBmysql\fR
because normally the server disconnects noninteractive clients that attempt to connect using an account with an expired password\&. (See
Section\ \&6.3.9, \(lqServer Handling of Expired Passwords\(rq\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-database=\fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-D \fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR
.sp
The database to use\&. This is useful primarily in an option file\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug[=\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR,
\fB\-# [\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.sp
Write a debugging log\&. A typical
\fIdebug_options\fR
string is
d:t:o,\fIfile_name\fR\&. The default is
d:t:o,/tmp/mysql\&.trace\&.
.sp
This option is available only if MySQL was built using
\fBWITH_DEBUG\fR\&. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are
\fInot\fR
built using this option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-check\fR
.sp
Print some debugging information when the program exits\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-info\fR,
\fB\-T\fR
.sp
Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-auth=\fR\fB\fIplugin\fR\fR
.sp
A hint about the client\-side authentication plugin to use\&. See
Section\ \&6.3.10, \(lqPluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-character\-set=\fR\fB\fIcharset_name\fR\fR
.sp
Use
\fIcharset_name\fR
as the default character set for the client and connection\&.
.sp
This option can be useful if the operating system uses one character set and the
\fBmysql\fR
client by default uses another\&. In this case, output may be formatted incorrectly\&. You can usually fix such issues by using this option to force the client to use the system character set instead\&.
.sp
For more information, see
Section\ \&10.4, \(lqConnection Character Sets and Collations\(rq, and
Section\ \&10.14, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-extra\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.sp
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&.
\fIfile_name\fR
is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.sp
Use only the given option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&.
\fIfile_name\fR
is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name\&.
.sp
Exception: Even with
\fB\-\-defaults\-file\fR, client programs read
\&.mylogin\&.cnf\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.sp
Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of
\fIstr\fR\&. For example,
\fBmysql\fR
normally reads the
[client]
and
[mysql]
groups\&. If the
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=_other\fR
option is given,
\fBmysql\fR
also reads the
[client_other]
and
[mysql_other]
groups\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-delimiter=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.sp
Set the statement delimiter\&. The default is the semicolon character (;)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-disable\-named\-commands\fR
.sp
Disable named commands\&. Use the
\e*
form only, or use named commands only at the beginning of a line ending with a semicolon (;)\&.
\fBmysql\fR
starts with this option
\fIenabled\fR
by default\&. However, even with this option, long\-format commands still work from the first line\&. See
the section called \(lqMYSQL COMMANDS\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-enable\-cleartext\-plugin\fR
.sp
Enable the
mysql_clear_password
cleartext authentication plugin\&. (See
Section\ \&6.5.1.4, \(lqClient-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication\(rq\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-execute=\fR\fB\fIstatement\fR\fR,
\fB\-e \fR\fB\fIstatement\fR\fR
.sp
Execute the statement and quit\&. The default output format is like that produced with
\fB\-\-batch\fR\&. See
Section\ \&4.2.4, \(lqUsing Options on the Command Line\(rq, for some examples\&. With this option,
\fBmysql\fR
does not use the history file\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-force\fR,
\fB\-f\fR
.sp
Continue even if an SQL error occurs\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-get\-server\-public\-key\fR
.sp
Request from the server the public key required for RSA key pair\-based password exchange\&. This option applies to clients that that authenticate with the
caching_sha2_password
authentication plugin\&. For that plugin, the server does not send the public key unless requested\&. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with that plugin\&. It is also ignored if RSA\-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection\&.
.sp
If
\fB\-\-server\-public\-key\-path=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over
\fB\-\-get\-server\-public\-key\fR\&.
.sp
For information about the
caching_sha2_password
plugin, see
Section\ \&6.5.1.3, \(lqCaching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-histignore\fR
.sp
A colon\-separated list of one or more patterns specifying statements to ignore for logging purposes\&. These patterns are added to the default pattern list ("*IDENTIFIED*:*PASSWORD*")\&. The value specified for this option affects logging of statements written to the history file, and to
syslog
if the
\fB\-\-syslog\fR
option is given\&. For more information, see
the section called \(lqMYSQL LOGGING\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-host=\fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-h \fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR
.sp
Connect to the MySQL server on the given host\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-html\fR,
\fB\-H\fR
.sp
Produce HTML output\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ignore\-spaces\fR,
\fB\-i\fR
.sp
Ignore spaces after function names\&. The effect of this is described in the discussion for the
IGNORE_SPACE
SQL mode (see
Section\ \&5.1.10, \(lqServer SQL Modes\(rq)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-init\-command=str\fR
.sp
SQL statement to execute after connecting to the server\&. If auto\-reconnect is enabled, the statement is executed again after reconnection occurs\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR
.sp
Write line numbers for errors\&. Disable this with
\fB\-\-skip\-line\-numbers\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-local\-infile[={0|1}]\fR
.sp
Enable or disable
LOCAL
capability for
LOAD DATA INFILE\&. For
\fBmysql\fR, this capability is disabled by default\&. With no value, the option enables
LOCAL\&. The option may be given as
\fB\-\-local\-infile=0\fR
or
\fB\-\-local\-infile=1\fR
to explicitly disable or enable
LOCAL\&. Enabling local data loading also requires that the server permits it; see
Section\ \&6.1.6, \(lqSecurity Issues with LOAD DATA LOCAL\(rq
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-login\-path=\fR\fB\fIname\fR\fR
.sp
Read options from the named login path in the
\&.mylogin\&.cnf
login path file\&. A
\(lqlogin path\(rq
is an option group containing options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and which account to authenticate as\&. To create or modify a login path file, use the
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR
utility\&. See
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR(1)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-named\-commands\fR,
\fB\-G\fR
.sp
Enable named
\fBmysql\fR
commands\&. Long\-format commands are permitted, not just short\-format commands\&. For example,
quit
and
\eq
both are recognized\&. Use
\fB\-\-skip\-named\-commands\fR
to disable named commands\&. See
the section called \(lqMYSQL COMMANDS\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-auto\-rehash\fR,
\fB\-A\fR
.sp
This has the same effect as
\fB\-\-skip\-auto\-rehash\fR\&. See the description for
\fB\-\-auto\-rehash\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-beep\fR,
\fB\-b\fR
.sp
Do not beep when errors occur\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
.sp
Do not read any option files\&. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file,
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
can be used to prevent them from being read\&.
.sp
The exception is that the
\&.mylogin\&.cnf
file, if it exists, is read in all cases\&. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
is used\&. (\&.mylogin\&.cnf
is created by the
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR
utility\&. See
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR(1)\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-one\-database\fR,
\fB\-o\fR
.sp
Ignore statements except those that occur while the default database is the one named on the command line\&. This option is rudimentary and should be used with care\&. Statement filtering is based only on
USE
statements\&.
.sp
Initially,
\fBmysql\fR
executes statements in the input because specifying a database
\fIdb_name\fR
on the command line is equivalent to inserting
USE \fIdb_name\fR
at the beginning of the input\&. Then, for each
USE
statement encountered,
\fBmysql\fR
accepts or rejects following statements depending on whether the database named is the one on the command line\&. The content of the statements is immaterial\&.
.sp
Suppose that
\fBmysql\fR
is invoked to process this set of statements:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
DELETE FROM db2\&.t2;
USE db2;
DROP TABLE db1\&.t1;
CREATE TABLE db1\&.t1 (i INT);
USE db1;
INSERT INTO t1 (i) VALUES(1);
CREATE TABLE db2\&.t1 (j INT);
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.sp
If the command line is
\fBmysql \-\-force \-\-one\-database db1\fR,
\fBmysql\fR
handles the input as follows:
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
The
DELETE
statement is executed because the default database is
db1, even though the statement names a table in a different database\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
The
DROP TABLE
and
CREATE TABLE
statements are not executed because the default database is not
db1, even though the statements name a table in
db1\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
The
INSERT
and
CREATE TABLE
statements are executed because the default database is
db1, even though the
CREATE TABLE
statement names a table in a different database\&.
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-pager[=\fR\fB\fIcommand\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.sp
Use the given command for paging query output\&. If the command is omitted, the default pager is the value of your
PAGER
environment variable\&. Valid pagers are
\fBless\fR,
\fBmore\fR,
\fBcat [> filename]\fR, and so forth\&. This option works only on Unix and only in interactive mode\&. To disable paging, use
\fB\-\-skip\-pager\fR\&.
the section called \(lqMYSQL COMMANDS\(rq, discusses output paging further\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c