From 3000a2363635346bd65eed4822ac4d949f574ecf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Ciocirlan <daniel.ciocirlan@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 2021 16:50:40 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] cyclic barriers

---
 .../part4coordination/CyclicBarriers.scala    | 68 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 68 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/scala/com/rockthejvm/part4coordination/CyclicBarriers.scala

diff --git a/src/main/scala/com/rockthejvm/part4coordination/CyclicBarriers.scala b/src/main/scala/com/rockthejvm/part4coordination/CyclicBarriers.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d674411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/com/rockthejvm/part4coordination/CyclicBarriers.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package com.rockthejvm.part4coordination
+
+import cats.effect.kernel.{Deferred, Ref}
+import cats.effect.{IO, IOApp}
+import cats.effect.std.CyclicBarrier
+
+import scala.util.Random
+import scala.concurrent.duration._
+import com.rockthejvm.utils._
+import cats.syntax.parallel._
+
+object CyclicBarriers extends IOApp.Simple {
+
+  /*
+    A cyclic barrier is a coordination primitive that
+    - is initialized with a count
+    - has a single API: await
+
+    A cyclic barrier will (semantically) block all fibers calling its await() method until we have exactly N fibers waiting,
+      at which point the barrier will unblock all fibers and reset to its original state.
+    Any further fiber will again block until we have exactly N fibers waiting.
+    ...
+    And so on.
+   */
+
+  // example: signing up for a social network just about to be launched
+  def createUser(id: Int, barrier: CBarrier): IO[Unit] = for {
+    _ <- IO.sleep((Random.nextDouble * 500).toInt.millis)
+    _ <- IO(s"[user $id] Just heard there's a new social network - signing up for the waitlist...").debug
+    _ <- IO.sleep((Random.nextDouble * 1500).toInt.millis)
+    _ <- IO(s"[user $id] On the waitlist now, can't wait!").debug
+    _ <- barrier.await // block the fiber when there are exactly N users waiting
+    _ <- IO(s"[user $id] OMG this is so cool!").debug
+  } yield ()
+
+  def openNetwork(): IO[Unit] = for {
+    _ <- IO("[announcer] The Rock the JVM social network is up for registration! Launching when we have 10 users!").debug
+    barrier <- CBarrier(10)
+    _ <- (1 to 20).toList.parTraverse(id => createUser(id, barrier))
+  } yield ()
+
+  /**
+   * Exercise: Implement your own CB with Ref + Deferred. Ignore cancellation effects.
+   * Test: use your CBarrier instead of CyclicBarrier[IO].
+   */
+
+  override def run = openNetwork()
+}
+
+abstract class CBarrier {
+  def await: IO[Unit]
+}
+
+object CBarrier {
+  case class State(nWaiting: Int, signal: Deferred[IO, Unit])
+
+  def apply(count: Int): IO[CBarrier] = for {
+    signal <- Deferred[IO, Unit]
+    state <- Ref[IO].of(State(count, signal))
+  } yield new CBarrier {
+    override def await = Deferred[IO, Unit].flatMap { newSignal =>
+      state.modify {
+        case State(1, signal) => State(count, newSignal) -> signal.complete(()).void
+        case State(n, signal) => State(n - 1, signal) -> signal.get
+      }.flatten
+    }
+  }
+}
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