forked from maticnetwork/bor
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathblockchain_test.go
3110 lines (2856 loc) · 115 KB
/
blockchain_test.go
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package core
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"math/big"
"math/rand"
"os"
"sync"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
)
// So we can deterministically seed different blockchains
var (
canonicalSeed = 1
forkSeed = 2
)
// newCanonical creates a chain database, and injects a deterministic canonical
// chain. Depending on the full flag, if creates either a full block chain or a
// header only chain.
func newCanonical(engine consensus.Engine, n int, full bool) (ethdb.Database, *BlockChain, error) {
var (
db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
genesis = new(Genesis).MustCommit(db)
)
// Initialize a fresh chain with only a genesis block
blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, nil, params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, engine, vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
// Create and inject the requested chain
if n == 0 {
return db, blockchain, nil
}
if full {
// Full block-chain requested
blocks := makeBlockChain(genesis, n, engine, db, canonicalSeed)
_, err := blockchain.InsertChain(blocks)
return db, blockchain, err
}
// Header-only chain requested
headers := makeHeaderChain(genesis.Header(), n, engine, db, canonicalSeed)
_, err := blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1)
return db, blockchain, err
}
// Test fork of length N starting from block i
func testFork(t *testing.T, blockchain *BlockChain, i, n int, full bool, comparator func(td1, td2 *big.Int)) {
// Copy old chain up to #i into a new db
db, blockchain2, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), i, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not make new canonical in testFork", err)
}
defer blockchain2.Stop()
// Assert the chains have the same header/block at #i
var hash1, hash2 common.Hash
if full {
hash1 = blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(i)).Hash()
hash2 = blockchain2.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(i)).Hash()
} else {
hash1 = blockchain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(i)).Hash()
hash2 = blockchain2.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(i)).Hash()
}
if hash1 != hash2 {
t.Errorf("chain content mismatch at %d: have hash %v, want hash %v", i, hash2, hash1)
}
// Extend the newly created chain
var (
blockChainB []*types.Block
headerChainB []*types.Header
)
if full {
blockChainB = makeBlockChain(blockchain2.CurrentBlock(), n, ethash.NewFaker(), db, forkSeed)
if _, err := blockchain2.InsertChain(blockChainB); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert forking chain: %v", err)
}
} else {
headerChainB = makeHeaderChain(blockchain2.CurrentHeader(), n, ethash.NewFaker(), db, forkSeed)
if _, err := blockchain2.InsertHeaderChain(headerChainB, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert forking chain: %v", err)
}
}
// Sanity check that the forked chain can be imported into the original
var tdPre, tdPost *big.Int
if full {
tdPre = blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockchain.CurrentBlock().Hash())
if err := testBlockChainImport(blockChainB, blockchain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to import forked block chain: %v", err)
}
tdPost = blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockChainB[len(blockChainB)-1].Hash())
} else {
tdPre = blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockchain.CurrentHeader().Hash())
if err := testHeaderChainImport(headerChainB, blockchain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to import forked header chain: %v", err)
}
tdPost = blockchain.GetTdByHash(headerChainB[len(headerChainB)-1].Hash())
}
// Compare the total difficulties of the chains
comparator(tdPre, tdPost)
}
// testBlockChainImport tries to process a chain of blocks, writing them into
// the database if successful.
func testBlockChainImport(chain types.Blocks, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
for _, block := range chain {
// Try and process the block
err := blockchain.engine.VerifyHeader(blockchain, block.Header(), true)
if err == nil {
err = blockchain.validator.ValidateBody(block)
}
if err != nil {
if err == ErrKnownBlock {
continue
}
return err
}
statedb, err := state.New(blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Root(), blockchain.stateCache, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
receipts, _, usedGas, err := blockchain.processor.Process(block, statedb, vm.Config{})
if err != nil {
blockchain.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
return err
}
err = blockchain.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, receipts, usedGas)
if err != nil {
blockchain.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
return err
}
blockchain.chainmu.Lock()
rawdb.WriteTd(blockchain.db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), new(big.Int).Add(block.Difficulty(), blockchain.GetTdByHash(block.ParentHash())))
rawdb.WriteBlock(blockchain.db, block)
statedb.Commit(false)
blockchain.chainmu.Unlock()
}
return nil
}
// testHeaderChainImport tries to process a chain of header, writing them into
// the database if successful.
func testHeaderChainImport(chain []*types.Header, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
for _, header := range chain {
// Try and validate the header
if err := blockchain.engine.VerifyHeader(blockchain, header, false); err != nil {
return err
}
// Manually insert the header into the database, but don't reorganise (allows subsequent testing)
blockchain.chainmu.Lock()
rawdb.WriteTd(blockchain.db, header.Hash(), header.Number.Uint64(), new(big.Int).Add(header.Difficulty, blockchain.GetTdByHash(header.ParentHash)))
rawdb.WriteHeader(blockchain.db, header)
blockchain.chainmu.Unlock()
}
return nil
}
func TestLastBlock(t *testing.T) {
_, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 0, true)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create pristine chain: %v", err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
blocks := makeBlockChain(blockchain.CurrentBlock(), 1, ethash.NewFullFaker(), blockchain.db, 0)
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Failed to insert block: %v", err)
}
if blocks[len(blocks)-1].Hash() != rawdb.ReadHeadBlockHash(blockchain.db) {
t.Fatalf("Write/Get HeadBlockHash failed")
}
}
// Tests that given a starting canonical chain of a given size, it can be extended
// with various length chains.
func TestExtendCanonicalHeaders(t *testing.T) { testExtendCanonical(t, false) }
func TestExtendCanonicalBlocks(t *testing.T) { testExtendCanonical(t, true) }
func testExtendCanonical(t *testing.T, full bool) {
length := 5
// Make first chain starting from genesis
_, processor, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), length, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to make new canonical chain: %v", err)
}
defer processor.Stop()
// Define the difficulty comparator
better := func(td1, td2 *big.Int) {
if td2.Cmp(td1) <= 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, expected more than %v", td2, td1)
}
}
// Start fork from current height
testFork(t, processor, length, 1, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, length, 2, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, length, 5, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, length, 10, full, better)
}
// Tests that given a starting canonical chain of a given size, creating shorter
// forks do not take canonical ownership.
func TestShorterForkHeaders(t *testing.T) { testShorterFork(t, false) }
func TestShorterForkBlocks(t *testing.T) { testShorterFork(t, true) }
func testShorterFork(t *testing.T, full bool) {
length := 10
// Make first chain starting from genesis
_, processor, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), length, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to make new canonical chain: %v", err)
}
defer processor.Stop()
// Define the difficulty comparator
worse := func(td1, td2 *big.Int) {
if td2.Cmp(td1) >= 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, expected less than %v", td2, td1)
}
}
// Sum of numbers must be less than `length` for this to be a shorter fork
testFork(t, processor, 0, 3, full, worse)
testFork(t, processor, 0, 7, full, worse)
testFork(t, processor, 1, 1, full, worse)
testFork(t, processor, 1, 7, full, worse)
testFork(t, processor, 5, 3, full, worse)
testFork(t, processor, 5, 4, full, worse)
}
// Tests that given a starting canonical chain of a given size, creating longer
// forks do take canonical ownership.
func TestLongerForkHeaders(t *testing.T) { testLongerFork(t, false) }
func TestLongerForkBlocks(t *testing.T) { testLongerFork(t, true) }
func testLongerFork(t *testing.T, full bool) {
length := 10
// Make first chain starting from genesis
_, processor, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), length, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to make new canonical chain: %v", err)
}
defer processor.Stop()
// Define the difficulty comparator
better := func(td1, td2 *big.Int) {
if td2.Cmp(td1) <= 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, expected more than %v", td2, td1)
}
}
// Sum of numbers must be greater than `length` for this to be a longer fork
testFork(t, processor, 0, 11, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, 0, 15, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, 1, 10, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, 1, 12, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, 5, 6, full, better)
testFork(t, processor, 5, 8, full, better)
}
// Tests that given a starting canonical chain of a given size, creating equal
// forks do take canonical ownership.
func TestEqualForkHeaders(t *testing.T) { testEqualFork(t, false) }
func TestEqualForkBlocks(t *testing.T) { testEqualFork(t, true) }
func testEqualFork(t *testing.T, full bool) {
length := 10
// Make first chain starting from genesis
_, processor, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), length, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to make new canonical chain: %v", err)
}
defer processor.Stop()
// Define the difficulty comparator
equal := func(td1, td2 *big.Int) {
if td2.Cmp(td1) != 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, want %v", td2, td1)
}
}
// Sum of numbers must be equal to `length` for this to be an equal fork
testFork(t, processor, 0, 10, full, equal)
testFork(t, processor, 1, 9, full, equal)
testFork(t, processor, 2, 8, full, equal)
testFork(t, processor, 5, 5, full, equal)
testFork(t, processor, 6, 4, full, equal)
testFork(t, processor, 9, 1, full, equal)
}
// Tests that chains missing links do not get accepted by the processor.
func TestBrokenHeaderChain(t *testing.T) { testBrokenChain(t, false) }
func TestBrokenBlockChain(t *testing.T) { testBrokenChain(t, true) }
func testBrokenChain(t *testing.T, full bool) {
// Make chain starting from genesis
db, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 10, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to make new canonical chain: %v", err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
// Create a forked chain, and try to insert with a missing link
if full {
chain := makeBlockChain(blockchain.CurrentBlock(), 5, ethash.NewFaker(), db, forkSeed)[1:]
if err := testBlockChainImport(chain, blockchain); err == nil {
t.Errorf("broken block chain not reported")
}
} else {
chain := makeHeaderChain(blockchain.CurrentHeader(), 5, ethash.NewFaker(), db, forkSeed)[1:]
if err := testHeaderChainImport(chain, blockchain); err == nil {
t.Errorf("broken header chain not reported")
}
}
}
// Tests that reorganising a long difficult chain after a short easy one
// overwrites the canonical numbers and links in the database.
func TestReorgLongHeaders(t *testing.T) { testReorgLong(t, false) }
func TestReorgLongBlocks(t *testing.T) { testReorgLong(t, true) }
func testReorgLong(t *testing.T, full bool) {
testReorg(t, []int64{0, 0, -9}, []int64{0, 0, 0, -9}, 393280, full)
}
// Tests that reorganising a short difficult chain after a long easy one
// overwrites the canonical numbers and links in the database.
func TestReorgShortHeaders(t *testing.T) { testReorgShort(t, false) }
func TestReorgShortBlocks(t *testing.T) { testReorgShort(t, true) }
func testReorgShort(t *testing.T, full bool) {
// Create a long easy chain vs. a short heavy one. Due to difficulty adjustment
// we need a fairly long chain of blocks with different difficulties for a short
// one to become heavyer than a long one. The 96 is an empirical value.
easy := make([]int64, 96)
for i := 0; i < len(easy); i++ {
easy[i] = 60
}
diff := make([]int64, len(easy)-1)
for i := 0; i < len(diff); i++ {
diff[i] = -9
}
testReorg(t, easy, diff, 12615120, full)
}
func testReorg(t *testing.T, first, second []int64, td int64, full bool) {
// Create a pristine chain and database
db, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 0, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create pristine chain: %v", err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
// Insert an easy and a difficult chain afterwards
easyBlocks, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), db, len(first), func(i int, b *BlockGen) {
b.OffsetTime(first[i])
})
diffBlocks, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), db, len(second), func(i int, b *BlockGen) {
b.OffsetTime(second[i])
})
if full {
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(easyBlocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert easy chain: %v", err)
}
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(diffBlocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert difficult chain: %v", err)
}
} else {
easyHeaders := make([]*types.Header, len(easyBlocks))
for i, block := range easyBlocks {
easyHeaders[i] = block.Header()
}
diffHeaders := make([]*types.Header, len(diffBlocks))
for i, block := range diffBlocks {
diffHeaders[i] = block.Header()
}
if _, err := blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(easyHeaders, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert easy chain: %v", err)
}
if _, err := blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(diffHeaders, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert difficult chain: %v", err)
}
}
// Check that the chain is valid number and link wise
if full {
prev := blockchain.CurrentBlock()
for block := blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(blockchain.CurrentBlock().NumberU64() - 1); block.NumberU64() != 0; prev, block = block, blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(block.NumberU64()-1) {
if prev.ParentHash() != block.Hash() {
t.Errorf("parent block hash mismatch: have %x, want %x", prev.ParentHash(), block.Hash())
}
}
} else {
prev := blockchain.CurrentHeader()
for header := blockchain.GetHeaderByNumber(blockchain.CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64() - 1); header.Number.Uint64() != 0; prev, header = header, blockchain.GetHeaderByNumber(header.Number.Uint64()-1) {
if prev.ParentHash != header.Hash() {
t.Errorf("parent header hash mismatch: have %x, want %x", prev.ParentHash, header.Hash())
}
}
}
// Make sure the chain total difficulty is the correct one
want := new(big.Int).Add(blockchain.genesisBlock.Difficulty(), big.NewInt(td))
if full {
if have := blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockchain.CurrentBlock().Hash()); have.Cmp(want) != 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, want %v", have, want)
}
} else {
if have := blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockchain.CurrentHeader().Hash()); have.Cmp(want) != 0 {
t.Errorf("total difficulty mismatch: have %v, want %v", have, want)
}
}
}
// Tests that the insertion functions detect banned hashes.
func TestBadHeaderHashes(t *testing.T) { testBadHashes(t, false) }
func TestBadBlockHashes(t *testing.T) { testBadHashes(t, true) }
func testBadHashes(t *testing.T, full bool) {
// Create a pristine chain and database
db, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 0, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create pristine chain: %v", err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
// Create a chain, ban a hash and try to import
if full {
blocks := makeBlockChain(blockchain.CurrentBlock(), 3, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 10)
BadHashes[blocks[2].Header().Hash()] = true
defer func() { delete(BadHashes, blocks[2].Header().Hash()) }()
_, err = blockchain.InsertChain(blocks)
} else {
headers := makeHeaderChain(blockchain.CurrentHeader(), 3, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 10)
BadHashes[headers[2].Hash()] = true
defer func() { delete(BadHashes, headers[2].Hash()) }()
_, err = blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1)
}
if !errors.Is(err, ErrBlacklistedHash) {
t.Errorf("error mismatch: have: %v, want: %v", err, ErrBlacklistedHash)
}
}
// Tests that bad hashes are detected on boot, and the chain rolled back to a
// good state prior to the bad hash.
func TestReorgBadHeaderHashes(t *testing.T) { testReorgBadHashes(t, false) }
func TestReorgBadBlockHashes(t *testing.T) { testReorgBadHashes(t, true) }
func testReorgBadHashes(t *testing.T, full bool) {
// Create a pristine chain and database
db, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 0, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create pristine chain: %v", err)
}
// Create a chain, import and ban afterwards
headers := makeHeaderChain(blockchain.CurrentHeader(), 4, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 10)
blocks := makeBlockChain(blockchain.CurrentBlock(), 4, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 10)
if full {
if _, err = blockchain.InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
t.Errorf("failed to import blocks: %v", err)
}
if blockchain.CurrentBlock().Hash() != blocks[3].Hash() {
t.Errorf("last block hash mismatch: have: %x, want %x", blockchain.CurrentBlock().Hash(), blocks[3].Header().Hash())
}
BadHashes[blocks[3].Header().Hash()] = true
defer func() { delete(BadHashes, blocks[3].Header().Hash()) }()
} else {
if _, err = blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Errorf("failed to import headers: %v", err)
}
if blockchain.CurrentHeader().Hash() != headers[3].Hash() {
t.Errorf("last header hash mismatch: have: %x, want %x", blockchain.CurrentHeader().Hash(), headers[3].Hash())
}
BadHashes[headers[3].Hash()] = true
defer func() { delete(BadHashes, headers[3].Hash()) }()
}
blockchain.Stop()
// Create a new BlockChain and check that it rolled back the state.
ncm, err := NewBlockChain(blockchain.db, nil, blockchain.chainConfig, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create new chain manager: %v", err)
}
if full {
if ncm.CurrentBlock().Hash() != blocks[2].Header().Hash() {
t.Errorf("last block hash mismatch: have: %x, want %x", ncm.CurrentBlock().Hash(), blocks[2].Header().Hash())
}
if blocks[2].Header().GasLimit != ncm.GasLimit() {
t.Errorf("last block gasLimit mismatch: have: %d, want %d", ncm.GasLimit(), blocks[2].Header().GasLimit)
}
} else {
if ncm.CurrentHeader().Hash() != headers[2].Hash() {
t.Errorf("last header hash mismatch: have: %x, want %x", ncm.CurrentHeader().Hash(), headers[2].Hash())
}
}
ncm.Stop()
}
// Tests chain insertions in the face of one entity containing an invalid nonce.
func TestHeadersInsertNonceError(t *testing.T) { testInsertNonceError(t, false) }
func TestBlocksInsertNonceError(t *testing.T) { testInsertNonceError(t, true) }
func testInsertNonceError(t *testing.T, full bool) {
for i := 1; i < 25 && !t.Failed(); i++ {
// Create a pristine chain and database
db, blockchain, err := newCanonical(ethash.NewFaker(), 0, full)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create pristine chain: %v", err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
// Create and insert a chain with a failing nonce
var (
failAt int
failRes int
failNum uint64
)
if full {
blocks := makeBlockChain(blockchain.CurrentBlock(), i, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 0)
failAt = rand.Int() % len(blocks)
failNum = blocks[failAt].NumberU64()
blockchain.engine = ethash.NewFakeFailer(failNum)
failRes, err = blockchain.InsertChain(blocks)
} else {
headers := makeHeaderChain(blockchain.CurrentHeader(), i, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 0)
failAt = rand.Int() % len(headers)
failNum = headers[failAt].Number.Uint64()
blockchain.engine = ethash.NewFakeFailer(failNum)
blockchain.hc.engine = blockchain.engine
failRes, err = blockchain.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1)
}
// Check that the returned error indicates the failure
if failRes != failAt {
t.Errorf("test %d: failure (%v) index mismatch: have %d, want %d", i, err, failRes, failAt)
}
// Check that all blocks after the failing block have been inserted
for j := 0; j < i-failAt; j++ {
if full {
if block := blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(failNum + uint64(j)); block != nil {
t.Errorf("test %d: invalid block in chain: %v", i, block)
}
} else {
if header := blockchain.GetHeaderByNumber(failNum + uint64(j)); header != nil {
t.Errorf("test %d: invalid header in chain: %v", i, header)
}
}
}
}
}
// Tests that fast importing a block chain produces the same chain data as the
// classical full block processing.
func TestFastVsFullChains(t *testing.T) {
// Configure and generate a sample block chain
var (
gendb = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
key, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
address = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
funds = big.NewInt(1000000000)
gspec = &Genesis{
Config: params.TestChainConfig,
Alloc: GenesisAlloc{address: {Balance: funds}},
}
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(gendb)
signer = types.LatestSigner(gspec.Config)
)
blocks, receipts := GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), gendb, 1024, func(i int, block *BlockGen) {
block.SetCoinbase(common.Address{0x00})
// If the block number is multiple of 3, send a few bonus transactions to the miner
if i%3 == 2 {
for j := 0; j < i%4+1; j++ {
tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(address), common.Address{0x00}, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTx(tx)
}
}
// If the block number is a multiple of 5, add a few bonus uncles to the block
if i%5 == 5 {
block.AddUncle(&types.Header{ParentHash: block.PrevBlock(i - 1).Hash(), Number: big.NewInt(int64(i - 1))})
}
})
// Import the chain as an archive node for the comparison baseline
archiveDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
gspec.MustCommit(archiveDb)
archive, _ := NewBlockChain(archiveDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer archive.Stop()
if n, err := archive.InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to process block %d: %v", n, err)
}
// Fast import the chain as a non-archive node to test
fastDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
gspec.MustCommit(fastDb)
fast, _ := NewBlockChain(fastDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer fast.Stop()
headers := make([]*types.Header, len(blocks))
for i, block := range blocks {
headers[i] = block.Header()
}
if n, err := fast.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert header %d: %v", n, err)
}
if n, err := fast.InsertReceiptChain(blocks, receipts, 0); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert receipt %d: %v", n, err)
}
// Freezer style fast import the chain.
frdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer dir: %v", err)
}
defer os.Remove(frdir)
ancientDb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), frdir, "", false)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
}
gspec.MustCommit(ancientDb)
ancient, _ := NewBlockChain(ancientDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer ancient.Stop()
if n, err := ancient.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert header %d: %v", n, err)
}
if n, err := ancient.InsertReceiptChain(blocks, receipts, uint64(len(blocks)/2)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert receipt %d: %v", n, err)
}
// Iterate over all chain data components, and cross reference
for i := 0; i < len(blocks); i++ {
num, hash := blocks[i].NumberU64(), blocks[i].Hash()
if ftd, atd := fast.GetTdByHash(hash), archive.GetTdByHash(hash); ftd.Cmp(atd) != 0 {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: td mismatch: fastdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, ftd, atd)
}
if antd, artd := ancient.GetTdByHash(hash), archive.GetTdByHash(hash); antd.Cmp(artd) != 0 {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: td mismatch: ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, antd, artd)
}
if fheader, aheader := fast.GetHeaderByHash(hash), archive.GetHeaderByHash(hash); fheader.Hash() != aheader.Hash() {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: header mismatch: fastdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, fheader, aheader)
}
if anheader, arheader := ancient.GetHeaderByHash(hash), archive.GetHeaderByHash(hash); anheader.Hash() != arheader.Hash() {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: header mismatch: ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, anheader, arheader)
}
if fblock, arblock, anblock := fast.GetBlockByHash(hash), archive.GetBlockByHash(hash), ancient.GetBlockByHash(hash); fblock.Hash() != arblock.Hash() || anblock.Hash() != arblock.Hash() {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: block mismatch: fastdb %v, ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, fblock, anblock, arblock)
} else if types.DeriveSha(fblock.Transactions(), trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) != types.DeriveSha(arblock.Transactions(), trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) || types.DeriveSha(anblock.Transactions(), trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) != types.DeriveSha(arblock.Transactions(), trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: transactions mismatch: fastdb %v, ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, fblock.Transactions(), anblock.Transactions(), arblock.Transactions())
} else if types.CalcUncleHash(fblock.Uncles()) != types.CalcUncleHash(arblock.Uncles()) || types.CalcUncleHash(anblock.Uncles()) != types.CalcUncleHash(arblock.Uncles()) {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: uncles mismatch: fastdb %v, ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, fblock.Uncles(), anblock, arblock.Uncles())
}
if freceipts, anreceipts, areceipts := rawdb.ReadReceipts(fastDb, hash, *rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(fastDb, hash), fast.Config()), rawdb.ReadReceipts(ancientDb, hash, *rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(ancientDb, hash), fast.Config()), rawdb.ReadReceipts(archiveDb, hash, *rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(archiveDb, hash), fast.Config()); types.DeriveSha(freceipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) != types.DeriveSha(areceipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) {
t.Errorf("block #%d [%x]: receipts mismatch: fastdb %v, ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", num, hash, freceipts, anreceipts, areceipts)
}
}
// Check that the canonical chains are the same between the databases
for i := 0; i < len(blocks)+1; i++ {
if fhash, ahash := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(fastDb, uint64(i)), rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(archiveDb, uint64(i)); fhash != ahash {
t.Errorf("block #%d: canonical hash mismatch: fastdb %v, archivedb %v", i, fhash, ahash)
}
if anhash, arhash := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(ancientDb, uint64(i)), rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(archiveDb, uint64(i)); anhash != arhash {
t.Errorf("block #%d: canonical hash mismatch: ancientdb %v, archivedb %v", i, anhash, arhash)
}
}
}
// Tests that various import methods move the chain head pointers to the correct
// positions.
func TestLightVsFastVsFullChainHeads(t *testing.T) {
// Configure and generate a sample block chain
var (
gendb = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
key, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
address = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
funds = big.NewInt(1000000000)
gspec = &Genesis{Config: params.TestChainConfig, Alloc: GenesisAlloc{address: {Balance: funds}}}
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(gendb)
)
height := uint64(1024)
blocks, receipts := GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), gendb, int(height), nil)
// makeDb creates a db instance for testing.
makeDb := func() (ethdb.Database, func()) {
dir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer dir: %v", err)
}
defer os.Remove(dir)
db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), dir, "", false)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
}
gspec.MustCommit(db)
return db, func() { os.RemoveAll(dir) }
}
// Configure a subchain to roll back
remove := blocks[height/2].NumberU64()
// Create a small assertion method to check the three heads
assert := func(t *testing.T, kind string, chain *BlockChain, header uint64, fast uint64, block uint64) {
t.Helper()
if num := chain.CurrentBlock().NumberU64(); num != block {
t.Errorf("%s head block mismatch: have #%v, want #%v", kind, num, block)
}
if num := chain.CurrentFastBlock().NumberU64(); num != fast {
t.Errorf("%s head fast-block mismatch: have #%v, want #%v", kind, num, fast)
}
if num := chain.CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64(); num != header {
t.Errorf("%s head header mismatch: have #%v, want #%v", kind, num, header)
}
}
// Import the chain as an archive node and ensure all pointers are updated
archiveDb, delfn := makeDb()
defer delfn()
archiveCaching := *defaultCacheConfig
archiveCaching.TrieDirtyDisabled = true
archive, _ := NewBlockChain(archiveDb, &archiveCaching, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
if n, err := archive.InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to process block %d: %v", n, err)
}
defer archive.Stop()
assert(t, "archive", archive, height, height, height)
archive.SetHead(remove - 1)
assert(t, "archive", archive, height/2, height/2, height/2)
// Import the chain as a non-archive node and ensure all pointers are updated
fastDb, delfn := makeDb()
defer delfn()
fast, _ := NewBlockChain(fastDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer fast.Stop()
headers := make([]*types.Header, len(blocks))
for i, block := range blocks {
headers[i] = block.Header()
}
if n, err := fast.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert header %d: %v", n, err)
}
if n, err := fast.InsertReceiptChain(blocks, receipts, 0); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert receipt %d: %v", n, err)
}
assert(t, "fast", fast, height, height, 0)
fast.SetHead(remove - 1)
assert(t, "fast", fast, height/2, height/2, 0)
// Import the chain as a ancient-first node and ensure all pointers are updated
ancientDb, delfn := makeDb()
defer delfn()
ancient, _ := NewBlockChain(ancientDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer ancient.Stop()
if n, err := ancient.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert header %d: %v", n, err)
}
if n, err := ancient.InsertReceiptChain(blocks, receipts, uint64(3*len(blocks)/4)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert receipt %d: %v", n, err)
}
assert(t, "ancient", ancient, height, height, 0)
ancient.SetHead(remove - 1)
assert(t, "ancient", ancient, 0, 0, 0)
if frozen, err := ancientDb.Ancients(); err != nil || frozen != 1 {
t.Fatalf("failed to truncate ancient store, want %v, have %v", 1, frozen)
}
// Import the chain as a light node and ensure all pointers are updated
lightDb, delfn := makeDb()
defer delfn()
light, _ := NewBlockChain(lightDb, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
if n, err := light.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert header %d: %v", n, err)
}
defer light.Stop()
assert(t, "light", light, height, 0, 0)
light.SetHead(remove - 1)
assert(t, "light", light, height/2, 0, 0)
}
// Tests that chain reorganisations handle transaction removals and reinsertions.
func TestChainTxReorgs(t *testing.T) {
var (
key1, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
key2, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("8a1f9a8f95be41cd7ccb6168179afb4504aefe388d1e14474d32c45c72ce7b7a")
key3, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("49a7b37aa6f6645917e7b807e9d1c00d4fa71f18343b0d4122a4d2df64dd6fee")
addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey)
addr2 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey)
addr3 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key3.PublicKey)
db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
gspec = &Genesis{
Config: params.TestChainConfig,
GasLimit: 3141592,
Alloc: GenesisAlloc{
addr1: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000)},
addr2: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000)},
addr3: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000)},
},
}
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(db)
signer = types.LatestSigner(gspec.Config)
)
// Create two transactions shared between the chains:
// - postponed: transaction included at a later block in the forked chain
// - swapped: transaction included at the same block number in the forked chain
postponed, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(0, addr1, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key1)
swapped, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(1, addr1, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key1)
// Create two transactions that will be dropped by the forked chain:
// - pastDrop: transaction dropped retroactively from a past block
// - freshDrop: transaction dropped exactly at the block where the reorg is detected
var pastDrop, freshDrop *types.Transaction
// Create three transactions that will be added in the forked chain:
// - pastAdd: transaction added before the reorganization is detected
// - freshAdd: transaction added at the exact block the reorg is detected
// - futureAdd: transaction added after the reorg has already finished
var pastAdd, freshAdd, futureAdd *types.Transaction
chain, _ := GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 3, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {
switch i {
case 0:
pastDrop, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr2), addr2, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key2)
gen.AddTx(pastDrop) // This transaction will be dropped in the fork from below the split point
gen.AddTx(postponed) // This transaction will be postponed till block #3 in the fork
case 2:
freshDrop, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr2), addr2, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key2)
gen.AddTx(freshDrop) // This transaction will be dropped in the fork from exactly at the split point
gen.AddTx(swapped) // This transaction will be swapped out at the exact height
gen.OffsetTime(9) // Lower the block difficulty to simulate a weaker chain
}
})
// Import the chain. This runs all block validation rules.
blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
if i, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert original chain[%d]: %v", i, err)
}
defer blockchain.Stop()
// overwrite the old chain
chain, _ = GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 5, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {
switch i {
case 0:
pastAdd, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr3), addr3, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key3)
gen.AddTx(pastAdd) // This transaction needs to be injected during reorg
case 2:
gen.AddTx(postponed) // This transaction was postponed from block #1 in the original chain
gen.AddTx(swapped) // This transaction was swapped from the exact current spot in the original chain
freshAdd, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr3), addr3, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key3)
gen.AddTx(freshAdd) // This transaction will be added exactly at reorg time
case 3:
futureAdd, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(gen.TxNonce(addr3), addr3, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, nil, nil), signer, key3)
gen.AddTx(futureAdd) // This transaction will be added after a full reorg
}
})
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert forked chain: %v", err)
}
// removed tx
for i, tx := range (types.Transactions{pastDrop, freshDrop}) {
if txn, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadTransaction(db, tx.Hash()); txn != nil {
t.Errorf("drop %d: tx %v found while shouldn't have been", i, txn)
}
if rcpt, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadReceipt(db, tx.Hash(), blockchain.Config()); rcpt != nil {
t.Errorf("drop %d: receipt %v found while shouldn't have been", i, rcpt)
}
}
// added tx
for i, tx := range (types.Transactions{pastAdd, freshAdd, futureAdd}) {
if txn, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadTransaction(db, tx.Hash()); txn == nil {
t.Errorf("add %d: expected tx to be found", i)
}
if rcpt, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadReceipt(db, tx.Hash(), blockchain.Config()); rcpt == nil {
t.Errorf("add %d: expected receipt to be found", i)
}
}
// shared tx
for i, tx := range (types.Transactions{postponed, swapped}) {
if txn, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadTransaction(db, tx.Hash()); txn == nil {
t.Errorf("share %d: expected tx to be found", i)
}
if rcpt, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadReceipt(db, tx.Hash(), blockchain.Config()); rcpt == nil {
t.Errorf("share %d: expected receipt to be found", i)
}
}
}
func TestLogReorgs(t *testing.T) {
var (
key1, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey)
db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
// this code generates a log
code = common.Hex2Bytes("60606040525b7f24ec1d3ff24c2f6ff210738839dbc339cd45a5294d85c79361016243157aae7b60405180905060405180910390a15b600a8060416000396000f360606040526008565b00")
gspec = &Genesis{Config: params.TestChainConfig, Alloc: GenesisAlloc{addr1: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000000)}}}
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(db)
signer = types.LatestSigner(gspec.Config)
)
blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
defer blockchain.Stop()
rmLogsCh := make(chan RemovedLogsEvent)
blockchain.SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent(rmLogsCh)
chain, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 2, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {
if i == 1 {
tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewContractCreation(gen.TxNonce(addr1), new(big.Int), 1000000, new(big.Int), code), signer, key1)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create tx: %v", err)
}
gen.AddTx(tx)
}
})
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert chain: %v", err)
}
chain, _ = GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), db, 3, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {})
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
ev := <-rmLogsCh
if len(ev.Logs) == 0 {
t.Error("expected logs")
}
close(done)
}()
if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to insert forked chain: %v", err)
}
timeout := time.NewTimer(1 * time.Second)
defer timeout.Stop()
select {
case <-done:
case <-timeout.C:
t.Fatal("Timeout. There is no RemovedLogsEvent has been sent.")
}
}
// This EVM code generates a log when the contract is created.
var logCode = common.Hex2Bytes("60606040525b7f24ec1d3ff24c2f6ff210738839dbc339cd45a5294d85c79361016243157aae7b60405180905060405180910390a15b600a8060416000396000f360606040526008565b00")
// This test checks that log events and RemovedLogsEvent are sent
// when the chain reorganizes.
func TestLogRebirth(t *testing.T) {
var (
key1, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey)
db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
gspec = &Genesis{Config: params.TestChainConfig, Alloc: GenesisAlloc{addr1: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000000)}}}
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(db)