requests.md

Requests

Available Request annotations

Annotation	HTTP verb	Description
@Get(), @get	GET	Defines a GET request.
@Post(), @post	POST	Defines a POST request.
@Put(), @put	PUT	Defines a PUT request.
@Patch(), @patch	PATCH	Defines a PATCH request.
@Delete(), @delete	DELETE	Defines a DELETE request.
@Head(), @head	HEAD	Defines a HEAD request.
@Body(), @body	-	Defines the request's body.
@FormUrlEncoded, @formUrlEncoded	-	Defines a application/x-www-form-urlencoded request.
@Multipart(), @multipart	-	Defines a multipart/form-data request.
@Query(), @query	-	Defines a query parameter.
@QueryMap(), @queryMap	-	Defines a query parameter map.
@FactoryConverter(), @factoryConverter	-	Defines a request/response converter factory.
@Field(), @field	-	Defines a form field.
@FieldMap(), @fieldMap	-	Defines a form field map.
@Part(), @part	-	Defines a multipart part.
@PartMap(), @partMap	-	Defines a multipart part map.
@PartFile(), @partFile	-	Defines a multipart file part.
@PartFileMap(), @partFileMap	-	Defines a multipart file part map.
@Tag, @tag	-	Defines a tag parameter.

Path resolution

Chopper handles paths passed to HTTP verb annotations' path parameter based on the path's content.

If the path value is a relative path, it will be concatenated to the URL composed of the baseUrl of the ChopperClient and the baseUrl of the enclosing service class (provided as a parameter of the @ChopperApi annotation).

Here are a few examples of the described behavior:

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Path	profile
Result	https://example.com/profile

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Service base URL	profile
Path	/image
Result	https://example.com/profile/image

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Service base URL	profile
Path	image
Result	https://example.com/profile/image

Chopper detects and handles missing slash (/) characters on URL segment borders, but does not handle duplicate slashes.

If the service's baseUrl concatenated with the request's path results in a full URL, the ChopperClient's baseUrl is ignored.

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Service base URL	https://api.github.com/
Path	user
Result	https://api.github.com/user

A path containing a full URL replaces the base URLs of both the ChopperClient and the service class entirely for a request.

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Path	https://api.github.com/user
Result	https://api.github.com/user

Variable	URI
base URL	https://example.com/
Service base URL	profile
Path	https://api.github.com/user
Result	https://api.github.com/user

Path parameters

Dynamic path parameters can be defined in the URL with replacement blocks. A replacement block is an alphanumeric substring of the path surrounded by { and }. In the following example {id} is a replacement block.

@Get(path: "/{id}")

Use the @Path() annotation to bind a parameter to a replacement block. This way the parameter's name must match a replacement block's string.

@Get(path: "/{id}")
Future<Response> getItemById(@Path() String id);

As an alternative, you can set the @Path annotation's name parameter to match a replacement block's string while using a different parameter name, like in the following example:

@Get(path: "/{id}")
Future<Response> getItemById(@Path("id") int itemId);

Chopper uses String interpolation to replace replacement blocks with the provided values in the request URLs.

Query parameters

Dynamic query parameters can be added to the URL by adding parameters to a request method annotated with the @Query annotation. Default values are supported.

Future<Response> search(
    @Query() String name, {
    @Query("count") int numberOfResults = 42,
});

If the parameter of the @Query annotation is not set, Chopper will use the actual name of the annotated parameter as the key for the query parameter in the URL.

If you prefer to pass a Map of query parameters, you can do so with the @QueryMap annotation.

Future<Response> search(@QueryMap() Map<String, dynamic> query);

Request body

Use the @Body annotation on a request method parameter to specify data that will be sent as the request's body.

@Post(path: "todo/create")
Future<Response> postData(@Body() String data);

{% hint style="warning" %} Chopper does not automatically convert Objects to Mapthen JSON.

You have to pass a Converter instance to a ChopperClient for JSON conversion to happen. See built_value_converter for an example Converter implementation. {% endhint %}

Headers

Request headers can be set by providing a Map<String, String> object to the headers parameter each of the HTTP verb annotations have.

@Get(path: "/", headers: {"foo": "bar"})
Future<Response> fetch();

The @Header annotation can be used on method parameters to set headers dynamically for each request call.

@Get(path: "/")
Future<Response> fetch(@Header("foo") String bar);

Setting request headers dynamically is also supported by Interceptors and Converters.

As Chopper invokes Interceptors and Converter(s) after creating a Request, Interceptors and Converters can override headers set with the headers parameter or @Header annotations.

Sending application/x-www-form-urlencoded data

If no Converter (neither on a ChopperClient nor with the @FactoryConverter annotation) or formUrlEncoded (@FormUrlEncoded annotation) is specified for a request and the request body is of type Map<String, String>, the body will be sent as form URL encoded data.

This is the default behavior of the http package.

FormUrlEncoded annotation

We recommend annotation @formUrlEncoded on method that will add the correct content-type and convert a Map into Map<String, String> for requests.

@Post(
  path: "form",
)
@formUrlEncoded
Future<Response> postForm(@Body() Map<String, String> fields);

FormUrlEncodedConverter

you can also use FormUrlEncodedConverter that also will add the correct content-type and convert a Map into Map<String, String> for requests.

final chopper = ChopperClient(
  converter: FormUrlEncodedConverter(),
);

To do only a single type of request with form encoding in a service, use the provided FormUrlEncodedConverter' s requestFactory method with the @FactoryConverter annotation.

@Post(
  path: "form",
  headers: {contentTypeKey: formEncodedHeaders},
)
@FactoryConverter(
  request: FormUrlEncodedConverter.requestFactory,
)
Future<Response> postForm(@Body() Map<String, String> fields);

Defining fields individually

To specify fields individually, use the @Field annotation on method parameters. If the field's name is not provided, the parameter's name is used as the field's name.

@Post(path: "form")
@formUrlEncoded
Future<Response> post(@Field() String foo, @Field("b") int bar);

Sending files with @multipart

Sending a file in bytes as List<int> using @PartFile

@Post(path: 'file')
@multipart
Future<Response> postFile(@PartFile('file') List<int> bytes,);

Sending a file as MultipartFile using @PartFile with extra parameters via @Part

@Post(path: 'file')
@multipart
Future<Response> postMultipartFile(@PartFile() MultipartFile file, {
  @Part() String? id,
});

Sending multiple files as List<MultipartFile> using @PartFile

@Post(path: 'files')
@multipart
Future<Response> postListFiles(@PartFile() List<MultipartFile> files);

Defining Responses

ChopperService methods need to return a Future. Its possible to define return types of Future<Response> or Future<Response<T>> where T is the type of the response body. When Response is not needed for a request its also possible to define a return type of Future<T> where T is the type of the response body.

Chopper will generate a client which will return the specified return type. When the method doesn't directly returns Response and the HTTP call fails a exception is thrown.

// Returns a Response<dynamic>
@Get(path: "/")
Future<Response> fetch();

// Returns a Response<MyClass>
@Get(path: "/")
Future<Response<MyClass>> fetch();

// Returns a MyClass
@Get(path: "/")
Future<MyClass> fetch();

Note: Chopper doesn't convert response bodies by itself to dart object. You need to use a Converter for that.

Add tag

@Tag parameter annotation for setting tag on the underlying Chopper Request object. These can be read in Converters or Interceptors for tracing, analytics, varying behavior, and more.

if want to filter null value or empty String for some url. we can make an IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag Object as Tag.

class IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag {
  bool includeNull = false;
  bool includeEmpty = false;

  IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag(this.includeNull, this.includeEmpty);
}

@get(path: '/include')
Future<Response> includeBodyNullOrEmptyTag(
    {@Tag()
    IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag tag = const IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag()});

get tag via request.tag in Converter or Interceptor:

class TagConverter extends JsonConverter {
  FutureOr<Request> convertRequest(Request request) {
    final tag = request.tag;
    if (tag is IncludeBodyNullOrEmptyTag) {
      if (request.body is Map) {
        final Map body = request.body as Map;
        final Map bodyCopy = {};
        for (final MapEntry entry in body.entries) {
          if (!tag.includeNull && entry.value == null) continue;
          if (!tag.includeEmpty && entry.value == "") continue;
          bodyCopy[entry.key] = entry.value;
        }
        request = request.copyWith(body: bodyCopy);
      }
    }
  }
}