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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>MXE (M cross environment)</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/common.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="navigation">
<h1>MXE (M cross environment)</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#introduction" >Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#screenshots" >Screenshots</a></li>
<li><a href="#tutorial" >Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="#download" >Download</a></li>
<li><a href="https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/mingw-cross-env-list">Mailing List</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/mxe/mxe/issues">Issue Tracker</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#requirements" >Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="#usage" >Usage</a></li>
<li><a href="#packages" >List of Packages</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-packages">Creating Packages</a></li>
<li><a href="#copyright" >Copyright</a></li>
<li><a href="#legal" >Legal</a></li>
<li><a href="#history" >History</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#see-also" >See also</a></li>
<li><a href="#used-by" >Used by</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
<p>
MXE (M cross environment) is a Makefile that
compiles a cross compiler and cross compiles
many free libraries such as SDL and Qt. Thus,
it provides a nice cross compiling environment
for various target platforms, which
</p>
<ul>
<li>
is designed to
<a href="#requirements">run on any Unix system</a>
</li>
<li>
is easy to adapt and to extend
</li>
<li>
builds
<a href="#packages">many free libraries</a>
in addition to the cross compiler
</li>
<li>
can also
<a href="#usage">build just a subset</a>
of the packages,
and automatically builds their dependencies
</li>
<li>
downloads all needed packages
and verifies them by their checksums
</li>
<li>
is able to update the version numbers of all packages automatically
</li>
<li>
directly uses source packages,
thus ensuring the whole build mechanism is transparent
</li>
<li>
allows inter-package and intra-package
<a href="#usage">parallel builds</a>
whenever possible
</li>
<li>
integrates well with <a href="#tutorial-5a">autotools</a>,
<a href="#tutorial-5b">cmake</a>, <a href="#tutorial-5c">qmake</a>,
and <a href="#tutorial-5d">hand-written makefiles</a>.
</li>
<li>
has been in continuous development <a href="#history">since 2007</a>
and is <a href="#used-by">used by several projects</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Supported Toolchains</h3>
<table id="supported-toolchains">
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">Runtime</th>
<th rowspan="2">Host Triplet</th>
<th colspan="2">Packages</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Static</th>
<th>Shared*</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">MinGW-w64</td>
<td>i686-w64-mingw32</td>
<td style='text-align:center'>99% (339/341)</td>
<td style='text-align:center'>62% (211/341)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>x86_64-w64-mingw32</td>
<td style='text-align:center'>91% (311/341)</td>
<td style='text-align:center'>61% (209/341)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
These numbers were last updated on October 13, 2014. You can see the
current status by executing <code>make build-matrix.html</code> in the
MXE directory.
</p>
<p><small>
* Shared support in MXE was just added in early February, 2014. These
numbers are expected to rise significantly.
</small></p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 id="screenshots">Screenshots</h2>
<p>
Cross compiling
<a href="http://thebeez.home.xs4all.nl/4tH/">4tH</a>:
</p>
<a href="assets/screenshot-4th-compile.png">
<img src="assets/screenshot-4th-compile-small.png" alt="4th-compile">
</a>
<p>
and running it:
</p>
<a href="assets/screenshot-4th-run.png">
<img src="assets/screenshot-4th-run-small.png" alt="4th-run">
</a>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 id="tutorial">Tutorial</h2>
<h3 id="tutorial-1">Step 1: Requirements and Download</h3>
<p>
First, you should ensure that your system meets
MXE's
<a href="#requirements">requirements</a>.
You will almost certainly have to install some stuff.
</p>
<p>
When everything is fine, download the
<a href="#download">current version</a>:
</p>
<pre>git clone https://github.com/mxe/mxe.git</pre>
<p>
If you don't mind installing it in your home directory,
just skip the following step and go straight to step 3.
</p>
<p>
MXE builds and installs everything under the same
top-level directory and is not relocatable after
the first packages are built.
</p>
<p>
Due to limitations of GNU Make, the path of MXE is not allowed
to contain any whitespace characters.
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-2">Step 2: System-wide Installation (optional)</h3>
<p>
Now you should save any previous installation
of the MXE.
Assuming you've installed it under
/opt/mxe (any other directory will do as well),
you should execute the following commands:
</p>
<pre>su
mv /opt/mxe /opt/mxe.old
exit</pre>
<p>
Then you need to transfer the entire directory to its definitive location.
We will assume again you use /opt/mxe,
but feel free to use any other directory if you like.
</p>
<pre>su
mv mxe /opt/mxe
exit</pre>
<p>
We're almost done.
Just change to your newly created directory and get going:
</p>
<pre>cd /opt/mxe</pre>
<h3 id="tutorial-3">Step 3: Build MXE</h3>
<p>
Enter the directory where you've downloaded MXE.
Now it depends on what you actually want – or need.
</p>
<p>
If you choose to enter:
</p>
<pre>make</pre>
<p>
you're in for a long wait,
because it compiles
<a href="#packages">a lot of packages</a>.
On the other hand it doesn't require any intervention,
so you're free to do whatever you like
– like watch a movie or go for a night on the town.
When it's done you'll find that you've installed
a very capable Win32 cross compiler onto your system.
</p>
<p>
If you only need the most basic tools you can also use:
</p>
<pre>make gcc</pre>
<p>
and add any additional packages you need later on.
You can also supply a host of packages on the
<a href="#usage">command line</a>,
e.g.:
</p>
<pre>make gtk lua libidn</pre>
<p>
Targets can also be specified on the command line.
By default, only i686-w64-mingw32.static is built, but you can
build your toolchain(s) of choice with:
</p>
<pre>make MXE_TARGETS='x86_64-w64-mingw32.static i686-w64-mingw32.static'</pre>
<p>
or by adjusting the <code>MXE_TARGETS</code> variable
in <code>settings.mk</code>.
</p>
<p>
You'll always end up with a consistent cross compiling environment.
</p>
<p>
If you have trouble here, please feel free to
contact the mxe team through the
<a href="https://github.com/mxe/mxe/issues">issue tracker</a> or
<a href="https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/mingw-cross-env-list">mailing list</a>.
</p>
<p>
After you're done it just needs a little post-installation.
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-4">Step 4: Environment Variables</h3>
<p>
Edit your .bashrc script in order to change $PATH:
</p>
<pre>export PATH=/<em>where MXE is installed</em>/usr/bin:$PATH</pre>
<p>
You may be tempted to also add <code>$(TARGET)/bin</code>
to your path. You <strong>never</strong> want to do this,
the executables and scripts in there will cause conflicts
with your native toolchain.
</p>
<p>
In case you are using custom $PKG_CONFIG_PATH entries,
you can add separate entries for cross builds:
</p>
<pre>export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<em>entries for native builds</em>"</pre>
<pre>export PKG_CONFIG_PATH_i686_w64_mingw32_static="<em>entries for MXE builds</em>"</pre>
<p>
Remember to use i686-w64-mingw32.static-pkg-config
instead of pkg-config for cross builds.
The Autotools do that automatically for you.
</p>
<p>
Note that any other compiler related environment variables
(like $CC, $LDFLAGS, etc.)
may spoil your compiling pleasure,
so be sure to delete or disable those.
</p>
<p>
For the most isolated and repeatable environment,
use a white-list approach:
</p>
<pre>unset `env | \
grep -vi '^EDITOR=\|^HOME=\|^LANG=\|MXE\|^PATH=' | \
grep -vi 'PKG_CONFIG\|PROXY\|^PS1=\|^TERM=' | \
cut -d '=' -f1 | tr '\n' ' '`</pre>
<!-- update mxe-activate also -->
<p>
Congratulations!
You're ready to cross compile anything you like.
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-5a">Step 5a: Cross compile your Project (Autotools)</h3>
<p>
If you use the
<a href="https://www.lrde.epita.fr/~adl/autotools.html">Autotools</a>,
all you have to do is:
</p>
<pre>./configure --host=i686-w64-mingw32.static
make</pre>
<p>
If you build a library, you might also want to enforce a static build:
</p>
<pre>./configure --host=i686-w64-mingw32.static --enable-static --disable-shared
make</pre>
<p>
Don't worry about a warning like this:
</p>
<pre>configure: WARNING: If you wanted to set the --build type, don't use --host.
If a cross compiler is detected then cross compile mode will be used.</pre>
<p>
Everything will be just fine.
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-5b">Step 5b: Cross compile your Project (CMake)</h3>
<p>
If you have a
<a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a> project,
you can use the provided toolchain file:
</p>
<pre>cmake ... -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/<em>where MXE is installed</em>/usr/i686-w64-mingw32.static/share/cmake/mxe-conf.cmake</pre>
<h3 id="tutorial-5c">Step 5c: Cross compile your Project (Qt)</h3>
<p>
If you have a
<a href="https://qt-project.org/">Qt</a> application,
all you have to do is:
</p>
<pre>/where MXE is installed/usr/i686-w64-mingw32.static/qt/bin/qmake
make</pre>
<p>
Note that Qt 4 is in the "qt" subdirectory. Qt 5 is in the "qt5" subdirectory
and its qmake can be invoked similarly.
</p>
<p>
If you are using Qt plugins
such as the svg or ico image handlers,
you should also have a look at the
<a href="https://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/plugins-howto.html#static-plugins">Qt documentation about static plugins</a>.
</p>
<p>
Note the sql drivers (-qt-sql-*)
and the image handlers for jpeg, tiff, gif and mng
are built-in, <em>not</em> plugins.
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-5d">Step 5d: Cross compile your Project (Makefile)</h3>
<p>
If you have a handwritten Makefile,
you probably will have to make a few adjustments to it:
</p>
<pre>CC=$(CROSS)gcc
LD=$(CROSS)ld
AR=$(CROSS)ar
PKG_CONFIG=$(CROSS)pkg-config</pre>
<p>
You may have to add a few others, depending on your project.
</p>
<p>
Then, all you have to do is:
</p>
<pre>make CROSS=i686-w64-mingw32.static-</pre>
<p>
That's it!
</p>
<h3 id="tutorial-5e">Step 5e: Cross compile your Project (OSG)</h3>
<p>
Using static OpenSceneGraph libraries requires a few changes to your source.
The graphics subsystem and all plugins required by your application must be
referenced explicitly. Use a code block like the following:
</p>
<pre>#ifdef OSG_LIBRARY_STATIC
USE_GRAPHICSWINDOW()
USE_OSGPLUGIN(<plugin1>)
USE_OSGPLUGIN(<plugin2>)
...
#endif</pre>
<p>
Look at <code>examples/osgstaticviewer/osgstaticviewer.cpp</code> in the
OpenSceneGraph source distribution for an example. This example can be
compiled with the following command:
</p>
<pre>i686-w64-mingw32.static-g++ \
-o osgstaticviewer.exe examples/osgstaticviewer/osgstaticviewer.cpp \
`i686-w64-mingw32.static-pkg-config --cflags openscenegraph-osgViewer openscenegraph-osgPlugins` \
`i686-w64-mingw32.static-pkg-config --libs openscenegraph-osgViewer openscenegraph-osgPlugins`</pre>
<p>
The <code>i686-w64-mingw32.static-pkg-config</code> command from MXE will
automatically add <code>-DOSG_LIBRARY_STATIC</code> to your compiler flags.
</p>
<h3>Further Steps</h3>
<p>
If you need further assistance,
feel free to join the
<a href="https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/mingw-cross-env-list">mailing list</a>
where you'll get in touch with
the MXE developers
and other users.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div id="latest-release"></div>
<div id="latest-version"></div>
<div id="development"></div>
<h2 id="download">Download</h2>
<p>
To obtain the current version, run:
</p>
<pre>git clone https://github.com/mxe/mxe.git</pre>
<p>
To retrieve updates, run:
</p>
<pre>git pull</pre>
<p>
You can also browse the
<a href="https://github.com/mxe/mxe">web repository</a>.
</p>
<p>
In addition,
feel free to join the
<a href="https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/mingw-cross-env-list">mailing list</a>
and to <a href="#creating-packages">propose new packages</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 id="requirements">Requirements</h2>
<p>
MXE requires a recent Unix system where
all components as stated in the table below
are installed. It also needs roughly 2 GiB of
RAM to link gcc and at least 700 MB of disk
space per target (counted with only gcc
built).
</p>
<p>
Detailed instructions are available for:
</p>
<ul class="compact-list">
<li><a href="#requirements-debian">Debian</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-fedora">Fedora</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-freebsd">FreeBSD</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-frugalware">Frugalware</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-gentoo">Gentoo</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-macos">Mac OS X</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements-opensuse">openSUSE</a></li>
</ul>
<table class="requirements">
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/">Autoconf</a></td>
<td>≥ 2.67</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/automake/">Automake</a></td>
<td>≥ 1.11.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">Bash</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/">Bison</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.bzip.org/">Bzip2</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a></td>
<td>≥ 2.8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://flex.sourceforge.net/">Flex</a></td>
<td>≥ 2.5.31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/">GCC</a> (gcc, g++)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://git-scm.com/">Git</a></td>
<td>≥ 1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/">GNU Coreutils</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/">GNU Gettext</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gperf/">GNU gperf</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/make/">GNU Make</a></td>
<td>≥ 3.81</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/">GNU Sed</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/intltool/">Intltool</a></td>
<td>≥ 0.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library">LibC</a> for 32-bit</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://sourceware.org/libffi/">libffi</a></td>
<td>≥ 3.0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/">Libtool</a></td>
<td>≥ 2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.openssl.org/">OpenSSL</a>-dev</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://p7zip.sourceforge.net/">p7zip (7-Zip)</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/patch/">Patch</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/XML-Parser/Parser.pm">Perl XML::Parser</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/">Pkg-config</a></td>
<td>≥ 0.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.ruby-lang.org/">Ruby</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.scons.org/">SCons</a></td>
<td>≥ 0.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://www.info-zip.org/UnZip.html">UnZip</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/">Wget</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://tukaani.org/xz/">XZ Utils</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3 id="requirements-debian">Debian and derivatives</h3>
<!-- http://www.debian.org/distrib/packages#search_packages -->
<pre>apt-get install \
autoconf automake autopoint bash bison bzip2 cmake flex \
gettext git g++ gperf intltool libffi-dev libtool \
libltdl-dev libssl-dev libxml-parser-perl make openssl \
p7zip-full patch perl pkg-config python ruby scons sed \
unzip wget xz-utils</pre>
<p>
On 64-bit Debian, install also:
</p>
<pre>apt-get install g++-multilib libc6-dev-i386</pre>
<p>
On Debian Jessie (8) or Ubuntu Utopic (14.10) or later,
install also:
</p>
<pre>apt-get install libtool-bin</pre>
<p>
Only the <a href="https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/">latest Debian stable series</a> is supported.
</p>
<h3 id="requirements-fedora">Fedora</h3>
<!-- https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/ -->
<pre>yum install \
autoconf automake bash bison bzip2 cmake flex gcc-c++ \
gettext git gperf intltool make sed libffi-devel \
libtool openssl-devel p7zip patch perl pkgconfig \
python ruby scons unzip wget xz</pre>
<p>
On 64-bit Fedora,
there are <a href="#issue-non-multilib">issues without a 32-bit compiler</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="requirements-freebsd">FreeBSD</h3>
<!-- http://www.freshports.org/ -->
<pre>pkg_add -r \
automake autoconf bash bison cmake coreutils flex \
gettext git glib20 gmake gperf gsed intltool libffi \
libtool openssl p5-XML-Parser p7zip patch perl \
pkgconf python ruby scons unzip wget</pre>
<p>
Ensure that /usr/local/bin precedes /usr/bin in your $PATH:
</p>
<p>
For C style shells, edit .cshrc
</p>
<pre>setenv PATH /usr/local/bin:$PATH</pre>
<p>
For Bourne shells, edit .profile
</p>
<pre>export PATH = /usr/local/bin:$PATH</pre>
<p>
On 64-bit FreeBSD,
there are <a href="#issue-non-multilib">issues without a 32-bit compiler</a>.
</p>
<p>
<strong>N.B. FreeBSD is no longer fully supported</strong>
</p>
<p>
to build the remainder of MXE, run:
</p>
<pre>gmake EXCLUDE_PKGS='gtksourceviewmm2 ocaml% openexr pcl qtbase'</pre>
<p>
to see a list of all dependent downstream packages that
will be excluded, run:
</p>
<pre>gmake show-downstream-deps-'gtksourceviewmm2 ocaml% openexr \
pcl qtbase'</pre>
<h3 id="requirements-frugalware">Frugalware</h3>
<!-- http://www.frugalware.org/packages -->
<pre>pacman-g2 -S \
autoconf automake bash bzip2 bison cmake flex gcc \
gettext git gperf intltool make sed libffi libtool \
openssl patch perl perl-xml-parser pkgconfig python \
ruby scons unzip wget xz xz-lzma</pre>
<p>
On 64-bit Frugalware,
there are <a href="#issue-non-multilib">issues without a 32-bit compiler</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="requirements-gentoo">Gentoo</h3>
<!-- http://packages.gentoo.org/ -->
<pre>emerge \
sys-devel/autoconf sys-devel/automake app-shells/bash \
sys-devel/bison app-arch/bzip2 dev-util/cmake \
sys-devel/flex sys-devel/gcc sys-devel/gettext \
dev-vcs/git dev-util/gperf dev-util/intltool \
sys-devel/make sys-apps/sed dev-libs/libffi \
sys-devel/libtool dev-libs/openssl app-arch/p7zip \
sys-devel/patch dev-lang/perl dev-perl/XML-Parser \
dev-util/pkgconfig dev-lang/python dev-lang/ruby \
dev-util/scons app-arch/unzip net-misc/wget \
app-arch/xz-utils</pre>
<h3 id="requirements-macos">Mac OS X</h3>
<p>
Install
<a href="http://developer.apple.com/xcode/">Xcode 5</a>
</p>
<h4 id="requirements-macos-step-1">Step 1</h4>
<h5 id="requirements-macos-method-1">Method 1 - MacPorts</h5>
<p>
Install <a href="http://www.macports.org/">MacPorts</a>,
then run:
</p>
<!-- http://www.macports.org/ports.php -->
<pre>sudo port install \
glib2 intltool p5-xml-parser p7zip gpatch scons wget xz</pre>
<h5 id="requirements-macos-method-2">Method 2 - Rudix</h5>
<p>
Install <a href="http://rudix.org/">Rudix</a> you can make it with following command
</p>
<pre>curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rudix-mac/rpm/2014.6/rudix.py \
| sudo python - install rudix</pre>
<p>
then run:
</p>
<pre>sudo rudix install glib pkg-config scons wget xz</pre>
<h4 id="requirements-macos-step-2">Step 2</h4>
<p>
After installing pre-requirement run from within the mxe directory:
</p>
<pre>make build-requirements</pre>
<p>
You may be prompted to install a java runtime
- this is not required.
</p>
<p>
Mac OS X versions ≤ 10.7 are no longer supported.
</p>
<h3 id="requirements-opensuse">openSUSE</h3>
<!-- http://software.opensuse.org/131/en -->
<pre>zypper install -R \
autoconf automake bash bison bzip2 cmake flex gcc-c++ \
gettext-tools git gperf intltool libffi-devel libtool \
make openssl libopenssl-devel p7zip patch perl \
perl-XML-Parser pkg-config python ruby scons sed unzip \
wget xz</pre>
<p>
On 64-bit openSUSE, install also:
</p>
<pre>zypper install -R \
gcc-32bit glibc-devel-32bit libgcc46-32bit \
libgomp46-32bit libstdc++46-devel-32bit</pre>
<h3 id="issue-non-multilib">Issues without a 32-bit compiler</h3>
<p>
Certain packages contain native tools that are
currently 32-bit only. In order to build these on a
64-bit system, multi-lib support must be enabled in the
compiler toolchain. However, not all operating systems
support this.
</p>
<p>
To build the remainder of MXE, specify the affected
packages to exclude:
</p>
<pre>make EXCLUDE_PKGS='ocaml%'</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 id="usage">Usage</h2>
<p>
All build commands also download the packages if necessary.
</p>
<p>
In a BSD userland, substitute "make" with "gmake"
as all commands are based on
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html">GNU Make</a>.
</p>
<dl class="usage">
<dt>make</dt>
<dd>
build all packages,
non-parallel
</dd>
<dt>make gcc</dt>
<dd>
build a minimal useful set of packages,
i.e. the cross compilers
and the most basic packages,
non-parallel
</dd>
<dt>make foo bar</dt>
<dd>
build packages "foo", "bar" and their dependencies,
non-parallel
</dd>
<dd>
the package list can also be set in
<code>settings.mk</code>
<pre>LOCAL_PKG_LIST := foo bar
.DEFAULT local-pkg-list:
local-pkg-list: $(LOCAL_PKG_LIST)</pre>
</dd>
<dd>
so a call to <code>make</code> will only build those packages (and their
dependencies, of course)
</dd>
<dt>make foo bar --touch</dt>
<dd>
mark packages "foo" and "bar" as up-to-date after
a trivial change in one of their dependencies
(short option "-t")
</dd>
<dt>make foo bar --jobs=4 JOBS=2</dt>
<dd>
build packages "foo", "bar" and their dependencies,
where up to 4 packages are built in parallel
(short option "-j 4"),
each with up to 2 compiler processes running in parallel
</dd>
<dd>
the JOBS variable can also be defined in
<code>settings.mk</code> and defaults to the number
of CPUs up to a max of 6 to prevent runaway system
load with diminishing returns - see the
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Parallel">GNU Make manual</a>
for more details on parallel execution
</dd>
<dt>make --jobs=4 --keep-going</dt>
<dd>
build all packages with 4 inter-package parallel
jobs and continue as much as possible after an error
(short option "-j 4 -k")
</dd>
<dt>make EXCLUDE_PKGS='foo bar'</dt>
<dd>
build all packages excluding foo, bar, and all downstream
packages that depend on them - mostly used when there are
<a href="#issue-non-multilib">known issues</a>
</dd>
<dt>make check-requirements</dt>
<dd>
check most of the
<a href="#requirements">requirements</a>
if necessary
– executed automatically
before building packages
</dd>
<dt>make download</dt>
<dd>
download all packages,
non-parallel,
such that subsequent builds work without internet access
</dd>
<dt>make download-foo download-bar</dt>
<dd>
download packages "foo", "bar" and their dependencies,
non-parallel
</dd>
<dt>make download-foo download-bar -j 4</dt>
<dd>
download packages "foo", "bar" and their dependencies,
where up to 4 packages are downloaded in parallel
</dd>
<dt>make download-only-foo download-only-bar</dt>
<dd>
download packages "foo", "bar", without their dependencies,
non-parallel
</dd>
<dt>make clean</dt>
<dd>
remove all package builds
– use with caution!
</dd>
<dt>make clean-junk</dt>
<dd>
remove all unused files, including unused package
files, temporary folders, and logs
</dd>
<dt>make clean-pkg</dt>
<dd>
remove all unused package files,
handy after a successful update
</dd>
<dt>make show-deps-foo</dt>
<dd>
print a list of upstream dependencies
and downstream dependents
</dd>
<dt>make show-downstream-deps-foo</dt>
<dd>
print a list of downstream dependents
suitable for usage in shell scripts
</dd>
<dt>make show-upstream-deps-foo</dt>
<dd>
print a list of upstream dependencies
suitable for usage in shell scripts
</dd>
<dt>make build-matrix.html</dt>
<dd>
generate a report of what packages are
supported on what targets to build-matrix.html
</dd>
<dt>make update</dt>
<dd>
for internal use only!
–
update the version numbers of all packages,
download the new versions and note their checksums
</dd>
<dt>make update UPDATE_DRYRUN=true</dt>
<dd>
for internal use only!
–
show list of update candidates without downloading
</dd>
<dt>make update-package-foo</dt>
<dd>
for internal use only!
–
update the version numbers of package foo,
download the new version and note its checksum
</dd>
<dt>make update-checksum-foo</dt>
<dd>
for internal use only!