This document is current in the process of being broken apart into more granular sections so that we may provide better overall documentation.
There may be cases where you wish to supply additional arguments to pip to be used during the install phase. For example, you may want to enable the pip feature for using system certificate stores
In this case you can supply these additional arguments to pipenv sync or pipenv install by passing additional
argument --extra-pip-args="--use-feature=truststore". It is possible to supply multiple arguments in the --extra-pip-args. Example usage:
pipenv sync --extra-pip-args="--use-feature=truststore --proxy=127.0.0.1"
You may want to use pipenv as part of a deployment process.
You can enforce that your Pipfile.lock is in parity with your Pipfile by using the --deploy flag:
$ pipenv install --deploy
This will fail a build if the Pipfile.lock _meta hash is out of date from the Pipfile contents.
Or you can install packages exactly as specified in Pipfile.lock using the install or sync command:
$ pipenv install
or
$ pipenv install
Note: Legacy versions of pipenv (prior to pipenv 2024) would relock dependencies when running pipenv install. This behavior was changed in pipenv 2024.0.0 to only relock dependencies when supply package specifiers to the install command.
``pipenv sync`` is nearly equivalent to ``pipenv install`` at this point, except pipenv install provides more functionality for adding and upgrading packages.
You may only wish to verify your Pipfile.lock is up-to-date with dependencies specified in the Pipfile, without installing:
$ pipenv verify
The command will perform a verification, and return an exit code 1 when dependency locking is needed. This may be useful for cases when the Pipfile.lock file is subject to version control, so this command can be used within your CI/CD pipelines.
You can tell Pipenv to install a Pipfile's contents into its parent system with the --system flag:
$ pipenv install --system
This is useful for managing the system Python, and deployment infrastructure (e.g. Heroku does this).
To use Pipenv with a third-party Python distribution (e.g. Anaconda), you simply provide the path to the Python binary:
$ pipenv install --python=/path/to/python
Anaconda uses Conda to manage packages. To reuse Conda–installed Python packages, use the --site-packages flag:
$ pipenv --python=/path/to/python --site-packages
Sometimes, you would want to generate a requirements file based on your current
environment, for example to include tooling that only supports requirements.txt.
You can convert a Pipfile.lock into a requirements.txt
file very easily.
Let's take this Pipfile:
[[source]]
name = "pypi"
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
[packages]
requests = {version="==2.18.4"}
[dev-packages]
pytest = {version="==3.2.3"}
Which generates a Pipfile.lock upon completion of running ``pipenv lock``` similar to:
{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "4b81df812babd4e54ba5a4086714d7d303c1c3f00d725c76e38dd58cbd360f4e"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {},
"sources": [
{
"name": "pypi",
"url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
"verify_ssl": true
}
]
},
"default": {
... snipped ...
"requests": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:6a1b267aa90cac58ac3a765d067950e7dbbf75b1da07e895d1f594193a40a38b",
"sha256:9c443e7324ba5b85070c4a818ade28bfabedf16ea10206da1132edaa6dda237e"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==2.18.4"
},
... snipped ...
},
"develop": {
... snipped ...
"pytest": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:27fa6617efc2869d3e969a3e75ec060375bfb28831ade8b5cdd68da3a741dc3c",
"sha256:81a25f36a97da3313e1125fce9e7bbbba565bc7fec3c5beb14c262ddab238ac1"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==3.2.3"
}
... snipped ...
}
Given the Pipfile.lock exists, you may generate a set of requirements out of it with the default dependencies:
$ pipenv requirements
-i https://pypi.org/simple
certifi==2022.9.24 ; python_version >= '3.6'
chardet==3.0.4
idna==2.6
requests==2.18.4
urllib3==1.22
As with other commands, passing --dev will include both the default and
development dependencies:
$ pipenv requirements --dev
-i https://pypi.org/simple
colorama==0.4.5 ; sys_platform == 'win32'
py==1.11.0 ; python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4'
pytest==3.2.3
setuptools==65.4.1 ; python_version >= '3.7'
certifi==2022.9.24 ; python_version >= '3.6'
chardet==3.0.4
idna==2.6
requests==2.18.4
urllib3==1.22
If you wish to generate a requirements file with only the development requirements you can do that too, using the --dev-only flag:
$ pipenv requirements --dev-only
-i https://pypi.org/simple
colorama==0.4.5 ; sys_platform == 'win32'
py==1.11.0 ; python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4'
pytest==3.2.3
setuptools==65.4.1 ; python_version >= '3.7'
Adding the --hash flag adds package hashes to the output for extra security.
Adding the --exclude-markers flag excludes the markers from the output.
The locked requirements are written to stdout, with shell output redirection used to write them to a file:
$ pipenv requirements > requirements.txt
$ pipenv requirements --dev-only > dev-requirements.txt
$ cat requirements.txt
-i https://pypi.org/simple
certifi==2022.9.24 ; python_version >= '3.6'
chardet==3.0.4
idna==2.6
requests==2.18.4
urllib3==1.22
$ cat dev-requirements.txt
-i https://pypi.org/simple
colorama==0.4.5 ; sys_platform == 'win32'
py==1.11.0 ; python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4'
pytest==3.2.3
setuptools==65.4.1 ; python_version >= '3.7'
If you have multiple categories in your Pipfile and wish to generate
a requirements file for only some categories, you can do that too,
using the --categories option:
$ pipenv requirements --categories="tests" > requirements-tests.txt
$ pipenv requirements --categories="docs" > requirements-docs.txt
$ cat requirements-tests.txt
-i https://pypi.org/simple
attrs==22.1.0 ; python_version >= '3.5'
iniconfig==1.1.1
packaging==21.3 ; python_version >= '3.6'
pluggy==1.0.0 ; python_version >= '3.6'
py==1.11.0 ; python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4'
pyparsing==3.0.9 ; python_full_version >= '3.6.8'
pytest==7.1.3
tomli==2.0.1 ; python_version >= '3.7'
It can be used to specify multiple categories also.
$ pipenv requirements --categories="tests,docs"
Pipenv includes the safety package, and will use it to scan your dependency graph for known security vulnerabilities!
By default pipenv check will scan the Pipfile.lock default packages group and use this as the input to the safety command.
To scan other package categories pass the specific --categories you want to check against.
To have pipenv check scan the virtualenv packages for what is installed and use this as the input to the safety command,
runpipenv check --use-installed.
Note: --use-installed was the default behavior in pipenv<=2023.2.4.
Example:
$ pipenv install wheel==0.37.1
$ cat Pipfile.lock
...
"default": {
"wheel": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:4bdcd7d840138086126cd09254dc6195fb4fc6f01c050a1d7236f2630db1d22a",
"sha256:e9a504e793efbca1b8e0e9cb979a249cf4a0a7b5b8c9e8b65a5e39d49529c1c4"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==0.37.1"
}
},
...
$ pipenv check --use-lock
...
-> Vulnerability found in wheel version 0.37.1
Vulnerability ID: 51499
Affected spec: <0.38.1
ADVISORY: Wheel 0.38.1 includes a fix for CVE-2022-40898: An issue discovered in Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) Wheel 0.37.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service
via attacker controlled input to wheel cli.https://pyup.io/posts/pyup-discovers-redos-vulnerabilities-in-top-python-packages
CVE-2022-40898
For more information, please visit https://pyup.io/v/51499/742
Scan was completed. 1 vulnerability was found.
...
Note
Each month, PyUp.io updates the safety database of insecure Python packages and makes it available to the open source community for free. Each time you run pipenv check to show you vulnerable dependencies,
Pipenv makes an API call to retrieve and use those results.
For more up-to-date vulnerability data, you may also use your own safety API key by setting the environment variable PIPENV_PYUP_API_KEY.
There are a range of community-maintained plugins and extensions available for a range of editors and IDEs, as well as different products which integrate with Pipenv projects:
- Heroku (Cloud Hosting)
- Platform.sh(Cloud Hosting)
- PyUp (Security Notification)
- Emacs (Editor Integration)
- Fish Shell (Automatic
$ pipenv shell!) - VS Code (Editor Integration)
- PyCharm (Editor Integration)
Pipenv allows you to open any Python module that is installed (including ones in your codebase), with the $ pipenv open command:
$ pipenv install -e git+https://github.com/kennethreitz/background.git#egg=background
Installing -e git+https://github.com/kennethreitz/background.git#egg=background...
...
Updated Pipfile.lock!
$ pipenv open background
Opening '/Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/hmm-mGOawwm_/src/background/background.py' in your EDITOR.
This allows you to easily read the code you're consuming, instead of looking it up on GitHub.
Note
The standard EDITOR environment variable is used for this. If you're using VS Code, for example, you'll want to export EDITOR=code (if you're on macOS you will want to install the command on to your PATH first).
This is a very fancy feature, and we're very proud of it:
$ cat Pipfile
[[source]]
name = "pypi"
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
[dev-packages]
[packages]
requests = "*"
[requires]
python_version = "3.11"
$ pipenv install
Warning: Python 3.11 was not found on your system...
Would you like us to install latest CPython 3.11 with pyenv? [Y/n]: y
Installing CPython 3.11.2 with pyenv (this may take a few minutes)...
...
Making Python installation global...
Creating a virtualenv for this project...
Using /Users/kennethreitz/.pyenv/shims/python3 to create virtualenv...
...
No package provided, installing all dependencies.
...
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock...
🐍 ❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒❒ 5/5 — 00:00:03
To activate this project's virtualenv, run the following:
$ pipenv shell
Pipenv automatically honors both the python_full_version and python_version PEP 508 specifiers.
💫✨🍰✨💫
Pipenv is being used in projects like Requests for declaring development dependencies and running the test suite.
Here's an example tox.ini for both local and external testing:
[tox]
envlist = py37, py38, py39, py310, py311, pypy3, ruff
[testenv]
deps = pipenv
commands=
pipenv install --dev
pipenv run pytest tests
[testenv:ruff]
basepython = python3.11
commands=
pipenv install --dev
pipenv run ruff --version
pipenv run ruff .
Pipenv will automatically use the virtualenv provided by tox. If pipenv install --dev installs e.g. pytest, then installed command pytest will be present in given virtualenv and can be called directly by pytest tests instead of pipenv run pytest tests.
W
✨🍰✨
It's reasonably common for platform specific Python bindings for operating system interfaces to only be available through the system package manager, and hence unavailable for installation into virtual
environments with pip. In these cases, the virtual environment can be created with access to the system site-packages directory:
$ pipenv --site-packages
To ensure that all pip-installable components actually are installed into the virtual environment and system packages are only used for interfaces that don't participate in Python-level dependency resolution
at all, use the PIP_IGNORE_INSTALLED setting:
$ PIP_IGNORE_INSTALLED=1 pipenv install --dev