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Spring Boot（十二）：LocalDateTime格式化处理
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<p>Java 8之后，日期类的处理建议使用java.time包中对应的LocalDateTime, LocalDate, LocalTime类。（参考<a href="/jdk8.html">Java8新特性</a>）</p>
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<p>在Spring Boot中（验证版本：2.1.5.RELEASE），日期类的序列化格式可能不是自己所希望的，需要定义为自己的格式。有两种方式实现。</p>
<h2 id="1-注解方式"><a href="#1-注解方式" class="headerlink" title="1. 注解方式"></a>1. 注解方式</h2><p>分别使用 @JsonFormat， @DateTimeFormat 来定义序列化（bean转json）与反序列（json转bean）时的格式，如</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@JsonFormat</span>(pattern = <span class="string">"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@DateTimeFormat</span>(pattern = <span class="string">"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">private</span> LocalDateTime dateTime;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-统一配置方式"><a href="#2-统一配置方式" class="headerlink" title="2. 统一配置方式"></a>2. 统一配置方式</h2><p>定义一个配置类，对ObjectMapper对象进行定制，指定日期类对应的序列化与反序列化处理对象，如</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Configuration</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">LocalDateTimeFormatConfig</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = <span class="string">"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = <span class="string">"yyyy-MM-dd"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = <span class="string">"HH:mm:ss"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Bean</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Primary</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> ObjectMapper <span class="title">objectMapper</span><span class="params">()</span></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> ObjectMapper objectMapper = <span class="keyword">new</span> ObjectMapper();</span><br><span class="line"> JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = <span class="keyword">new</span> JavaTimeModule();</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalDateTimeSerializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalDateSerializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalTimeSerializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalDateTimeDeserializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalDateDeserializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>, <span class="title">new</span> <span class="title">LocalTimeDeserializer</span>(<span class="title">DateTimeFormatter</span>.<span class="title">ofPattern</span>(<span class="title">DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN</span>)))</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> objectMapper;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="3-总结"><a href="#3-总结" class="headerlink" title="3. 总结"></a>3. 总结</h2><p>注解的方式需要在每个属性上进行标注，如果日期类属性较多则较为繁琐，自定义配置类方式可以对日期进行统一的格式化处理。两者都存在的情况下，以注解为准，即注解方式会覆盖统一配置方式。</p>
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