diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 2b9c5a7..6235f03 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 	</parent>
 
 	<artifactId>scripting-python</artifactId>
-	<version>0.3.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<version>0.4.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 
 	<name>SciJava Scripting: Python</name>
 	<description>Python scripting language plugin to be used via scyjava.</description>
@@ -87,10 +87,16 @@
 
 		<!-- NB: Deploy releases to the SciJava Maven repository. -->
 		<releaseProfiles>sign,deploy-to-scijava</releaseProfiles>
+
+		<appose.version>0.3.0</appose.version>
 	</properties>
 
 	<dependencies>
 		<!-- SciJava dependencies -->
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.scijava</groupId>
+			<artifactId>app-launcher</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
 		<dependency>
 			<groupId>org.scijava</groupId>
 			<artifactId>scijava-common</artifactId>
@@ -105,6 +111,11 @@
 			<groupId>com.fifesoft</groupId>
 			<artifactId>rsyntaxtextarea</artifactId>
 		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.apposed</groupId>
+			<artifactId>appose</artifactId>
+			<version>${appose.version}</version>
+		</dependency>
 
 		<!-- Test dependencies -->
 		<dependency>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/CreateEnvironment.java b/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/CreateEnvironment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cc8f97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/CreateEnvironment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * Python scripting language plugin to be used via scyjava.
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 - 2025 SciJava developers.
+ * %%
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ * #L%
+ */
+
+package org.scijava.plugins.scripting.python;
+
+import org.apposed.appose.Appose;
+import org.apposed.appose.Builder;
+import org.scijava.app.AppService;
+import org.scijava.command.Command;
+import org.scijava.launcher.Splash;
+import org.scijava.log.Logger;
+import org.scijava.plugin.Parameter;
+import org.scijava.plugin.Plugin;
+import org.scijava.util.FileUtils;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * SciJava command wrapper to build a Python environment.
+ * 
+ * @author Curtis Rueden
+ */
+@Plugin(type = Command.class, label = "Create Python environment")
+public class CreateEnvironment implements Command {
+
+	@Parameter
+	private AppService appService;
+
+	@Parameter
+	private Logger log;
+
+	@Parameter(label = "environment definition file")
+	private File environmentYaml;
+
+	@Parameter(label = "Target directory")
+	private File targetDir;
+
+	// -- OptionsPython methods --
+
+	@Override
+	public void run() {
+		FileUtils.deleteRecursively(targetDir);
+		try {
+			Builder builder = Appose
+				.file(environmentYaml, "environment.yml")
+				.subscribeOutput(this::report)
+				.subscribeError(this::report)
+				.subscribeProgress((msg, cur, max) -> Splash.update(msg, (double) cur / max));
+			System.err.println("Creating Python environment"); // HACK: stderr stream triggers console window show.
+			Splash.show();
+			builder.build(targetDir);
+		}
+		catch (IOException exc) {
+			log.error("Failed to create Python environment", exc);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void report(String s) {
+		if (s.isEmpty()) System.err.print(".");
+		else System.err.print(s);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/OptionsPython.java b/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/OptionsPython.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd8460e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/scijava/plugins/scripting/python/OptionsPython.java
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * Python scripting language plugin to be used via scyjava.
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 - 2025 SciJava developers.
+ * %%
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ * #L%
+ */
+
+package org.scijava.plugins.scripting.python;
+
+import org.scijava.app.AppService;
+import org.scijava.command.CommandService;
+import org.scijava.launcher.Config;
+import org.scijava.log.LogService;
+import org.scijava.menu.MenuConstants;
+import org.scijava.options.OptionsPlugin;
+import org.scijava.plugin.Menu;
+import org.scijava.plugin.Parameter;
+import org.scijava.plugin.Plugin;
+import org.scijava.widget.Button;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Options for configuring the Python environment.
+ * 
+ * @author Curtis Rueden
+ */
+@Plugin(type = OptionsPlugin.class, menu = {
+	@Menu(label = MenuConstants.EDIT_LABEL,
+		weight = MenuConstants.EDIT_WEIGHT,
+		mnemonic = MenuConstants.EDIT_MNEMONIC),
+	@Menu(label = "Options", mnemonic = 'o'),
+	@Menu(label = "Python...", weight = 10),
+})
+public class OptionsPython extends OptionsPlugin {
+
+	@Parameter
+	private AppService appService;
+
+	@Parameter
+	private CommandService commandService;
+
+	@Parameter
+	private LogService log;
+
+	@Parameter(label = "Python environment directory", persist = false)
+	private File pythonDir;
+
+	@Parameter(label = "Create Python environment", callback = "createEnv")
+	private Button createEnvironment;
+
+	@Parameter(label = "Launch in Python mode", callback = "updatePythonConfig", persist = false)
+	private boolean pythonMode;
+
+	// -- OptionsPython methods --
+
+	public File getPythonDir() {
+		return pythonDir;
+	}
+
+	public boolean isPythonMode() {
+		return pythonMode;
+	}
+
+	public void setPythonDir(final File pythonDir) {
+		this.pythonDir = pythonDir;
+	}
+
+	public void setPythonMode(final boolean pythonMode) {
+		this.pythonMode = pythonMode;
+	}
+
+	// -- Callback methods --
+
+	@Override
+	public void load() {
+		// Read python-dir and python-mode from app config file.
+		String configFileProp = System.getProperty("scijava.app.config-file");
+		File configFile = configFileProp == null ? null : new File(configFileProp);
+		if (configFile != null && configFile.canRead()) {
+			try {
+				final Map<String, String> config = Config.load(configFile);
+
+				final String cfgPythonDir = config.get("python-dir");
+				if (cfgPythonDir != null) {
+					final Path appPath = appService.getApp().getBaseDirectory().toPath();
+					pythonDir = stringToFile(appPath, cfgPythonDir);
+				}
+
+				final String cfgPythonMode = config.get("python-mode");
+				if (cfgPythonMode != null) pythonMode = cfgPythonMode.equals("true");
+			}
+			catch (IOException e) {
+				// Proceed gracefully if config file is not accessible.
+				log.debug(e);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (pythonDir == null) {
+			// For the default Python directory, try to match the platform string used for Java installations.
+			final String javaPlatform = System.getProperty("scijava.app.java-platform");
+			final String platform = javaPlatform != null ? javaPlatform :
+				System.getProperty("os.name") + "-" + System.getProperty("os.arch");
+			final Path pythonPath = appService.getApp().getBaseDirectory().toPath().resolve("python").resolve(platform);
+			pythonDir = pythonPath.toFile();
+		}
+	}
+
+	public void createEnv() {
+		// Use scijava.app.python-env-file system property if present.
+		final Path appPath = appService.getApp().getBaseDirectory().toPath();
+		File environmentYaml = appPath.resolve("config").resolve("environment.yml").toFile();
+		final String pythonEnvFileProp = System.getProperty("scijava.app.python-env-file");
+		if (pythonEnvFileProp != null) {
+			environmentYaml = OptionsPython.stringToFile(appPath, pythonEnvFileProp);
+		}
+
+		commandService.run(CreateEnvironment.class, true,
+			"environmentYaml", environmentYaml,
+			"targetDir", pythonDir
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void save() {
+		// Write python-dir and python-mode values to app config file.
+		final String configFileProp = System.getProperty("scijava.app.config-file");
+		if (configFileProp == null) return; // No config file to update.
+		final File configFile = new File(configFileProp);
+		Map<String, String> config = null;
+		if (configFile.isFile()) {
+			try {
+				config = Config.load(configFile);
+			}
+			catch (IOException exc) {
+				// Proceed gracefully if config file is not accessible.
+				log.debug(exc);
+			}
+		}
+		if (config == null) config = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+		final Path appPath = appService.getApp().getBaseDirectory().toPath();
+		config.put("python-dir", fileToString(appPath, pythonDir));
+		config.put("python-mode", pythonMode ? "true" : "false");
+		try {
+			Config.save(configFile, config);
+		}
+		catch (IOException exc) {
+			// Proceed gracefully if config file cannot be written.
+			log.debug(exc);
+		}
+	}
+
+	// -- Utility methods --
+
+	/**
+	 * Converts a path string to a file, treating relative path expressions as
+	 * relative to the given base directory, not the current working directory.
+	 */
+	static File stringToFile(Path baseDir, String value) {
+		final Path path = Paths.get(value);
+		final Path absPath = path.isAbsolute() ? path : baseDir.resolve(path);
+		return absPath.toFile();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Converts a file to a path string, which in the case of a file beneath the
+	 * given base directory, will be a path expression relative to that base.
+	 */
+	static String fileToString(Path baseDir, File file) {
+		Path filePath = file.toPath();
+		Path relPath = filePath.startsWith(baseDir) ?
+			baseDir.relativize(filePath) : filePath.toAbsolutePath();
+		return relPath.toString();
+	}
+}