calc.go

// Copyright 2016 - 2020 The excelize Authors. All rights reserved. Use of
// this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in
// the LICENSE file.
//
// Package excelize providing a set of functions that allow you to write to
// and read from XLSX / XLSM / XLTM files. Supports reading and writing
// spreadsheet documents generated by Microsoft Exce™ 2007 and later. Supports
// complex components by high compatibility, and provided streaming API for
// generating or reading data from a worksheet with huge amounts of data. This
// library needs Go version 1.10 or later.

package excelize

import (
	"bytes"
	"container/list"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"math/rand"
	"reflect"
	"regexp"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/xuri/efp"
)

// Excel formula errors
const (
	formulaErrorDIV         = "#DIV/0!"
	formulaErrorNAME        = "#NAME?"
	formulaErrorNA          = "#N/A"
	formulaErrorNUM         = "#NUM!"
	formulaErrorVALUE       = "#VALUE!"
	formulaErrorREF         = "#REF!"
	formulaErrorNULL        = "#NULL"
	formulaErrorSPILL       = "#SPILL!"
	formulaErrorCALC        = "#CALC!"
	formulaErrorGETTINGDATA = "#GETTING_DATA"
)

// cellRef defines the structure of a cell reference.
type cellRef struct {
	Col   int
	Row   int
	Sheet string
}

// cellRef defines the structure of a cell range.
type cellRange struct {
	From cellRef
	To   cellRef
}

// formula criteria condition enumeration.
const (
	_ byte = iota
	criteriaEq
	criteriaLe
	criteriaGe
	criteriaL
	criteriaG
	criteriaBeg
	criteriaEnd
)

// formulaCriteria defined formula criteria parser result.
type formulaCriteria struct {
	Type      byte
	Condition string
}

// ArgType is the type if formula argument type.
type ArgType byte

// Formula argument types enumeration.
const (
	ArgUnknown ArgType = iota
	ArgString
	ArgMatrix
)

// formulaArg is the argument of a formula or function.
type formulaArg struct {
	String string
	Matrix [][]formulaArg
	Type   ArgType
}

// formulaFuncs is the type of the formula functions.
type formulaFuncs struct{}

// tokenPriority defined basic arithmetic operator priority.
var tokenPriority = map[string]int{
	"^":  5,
	"*":  4,
	"/":  4,
	"+":  3,
	"-":  3,
	"=":  2,
	"<":  2,
	"<=": 2,
	">":  2,
	">=": 2,
	"&":  1,
}

// CalcCellValue provides a function to get calculated cell value. This
// feature is currently in working processing. Array formula, table formula
// and some other formulas are not supported currently.
//
// Supported formulas:
//
//    ABS, ACOS, ACOSH, ACOT, ACOTH, AND, ARABIC, ASIN, ASINH, ATAN2, ATANH,
//    BASE, CEILING, CEILING.MATH, CEILING.PRECISE, COMBIN, COMBINA, COS,
//    COSH, COT, COTH, COUNTA, CSC, CSCH, DATE, DECIMAL, DEGREES, EVEN, EXP,
//    FACT, FACTDOUBLE, FLOOR, FLOOR.MATH, FLOOR.PRECISE, GCD, INT, ISBLANK,
//    ISERR, ISERROR, ISEVEN, ISNA, ISNONTEXT, ISNUMBER, ISO.CEILING, ISODD,
//    LCM, LN, LOG, LOG10, MDETERM, MEDIAN, MOD, MROUND, MULTINOMIAL, MUNIT,
//    NA, ODD, OR, PI, POWER, PRODUCT, QUOTIENT, RADIANS, RAND, RANDBETWEEN,
//    ROUND, ROUNDDOWN, ROUNDUP, SEC, SECH, SIGN, SIN, SINH, SQRT, SQRTPI,
//    SUM, SUMIF, SUMSQ, TAN, TANH, TRUNC
//
func (f *File) CalcCellValue(sheet, cell string) (result string, err error) {
	var (
		formula string
		token   efp.Token
	)
	if formula, err = f.GetCellFormula(sheet, cell); err != nil {
		return
	}
	ps := efp.ExcelParser()
	tokens := ps.Parse(formula)
	if tokens == nil {
		return
	}
	if token, err = f.evalInfixExp(sheet, tokens); err != nil {
		return
	}
	result = token.TValue
	return
}

// getPriority calculate arithmetic operator priority.
func getPriority(token efp.Token) (pri int) {
	pri, _ = tokenPriority[token.TValue]
	if token.TValue == "-" && token.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperatorPrefix {
		pri = 6
	}
	if token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeStart && token.TType == efp.TokenTypeSubexpression { // (
		pri = 0
	}
	return
}

// evalInfixExp evaluate syntax analysis by given infix expression after
// lexical analysis. Evaluate an infix expression containing formulas by
// stacks:
//
//    opd  - Operand
//    opt  - Operator
//    opf  - Operation formula
//    opfd - Operand of the operation formula
//    opft - Operator of the operation formula
//
// Evaluate arguments of the operation formula by list:
//
//    args - Arguments of the operation formula
//
// TODO: handle subtypes: Nothing, Text, Logical, Error, Concatenation, Intersection, Union
//
func (f *File) evalInfixExp(sheet string, tokens []efp.Token) (efp.Token, error) {
	var err error
	opdStack, optStack, opfStack, opfdStack, opftStack := NewStack(), NewStack(), NewStack(), NewStack(), NewStack()
	argsList := list.New()
	for i := 0; i < len(tokens); i++ {
		token := tokens[i]

		// out of function stack
		if opfStack.Len() == 0 {
			if err = f.parseToken(sheet, token, opdStack, optStack); err != nil {
				return efp.Token{}, err
			}
		}

		// function start
		if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeFunction && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeStart {
			opfStack.Push(token)
			continue
		}

		// in function stack, walk 2 token at once
		if opfStack.Len() > 0 {
			var nextToken efp.Token
			if i+1 < len(tokens) {
				nextToken = tokens[i+1]
			}

			// current token is args or range, skip next token, order required: parse reference first
			if token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeRange {
				if !opftStack.Empty() {
					// parse reference: must reference at here
					result, err := f.parseReference(sheet, token.TValue)
					if err != nil {
						return efp.Token{TValue: formulaErrorNAME}, err
					}
					if result.Type != ArgString {
						return efp.Token{}, errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
					}
					opfdStack.Push(efp.Token{
						TType:    efp.TokenTypeOperand,
						TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber,
						TValue:   result.String,
					})
					continue
				}
				if nextToken.TType == efp.TokenTypeArgument || nextToken.TType == efp.TokenTypeFunction {
					// parse reference: reference or range at here
					result, err := f.parseReference(sheet, token.TValue)
					if err != nil {
						return efp.Token{TValue: formulaErrorNAME}, err
					}
					if result.Type == ArgUnknown {
						return efp.Token{}, errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
					}
					argsList.PushBack(result)
					continue
				}
			}

			// check current token is opft
			if err = f.parseToken(sheet, token, opfdStack, opftStack); err != nil {
				return efp.Token{}, err
			}

			// current token is arg
			if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeArgument {
				for !opftStack.Empty() {
					// calculate trigger
					topOpt := opftStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
					if err := calculate(opfdStack, topOpt); err != nil {
						return efp.Token{}, err
					}
					opftStack.Pop()
				}
				if !opfdStack.Empty() {
					argsList.PushBack(formulaArg{
						String: opfdStack.Pop().(efp.Token).TValue,
						Type:   ArgString,
					})
				}
				continue
			}

			// current token is logical
			if token.TType == efp.OperatorsInfix && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeLogical {
			}

			// current token is text
			if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperand && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeText {
				argsList.PushBack(formulaArg{
					String: token.TValue,
					Type:   ArgString,
				})
			}

			// current token is function stop
			if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeFunction && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeStop {
				for !opftStack.Empty() {
					// calculate trigger
					topOpt := opftStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
					if err := calculate(opfdStack, topOpt); err != nil {
						return efp.Token{}, err
					}
					opftStack.Pop()
				}

				// push opfd to args
				if opfdStack.Len() > 0 {
					argsList.PushBack(formulaArg{
						String: opfdStack.Pop().(efp.Token).TValue,
						Type:   ArgString,
					})
				}
				// call formula function to evaluate
				result, err := callFuncByName(&formulaFuncs{}, strings.NewReplacer(
					"_xlfn", "", ".", "").Replace(opfStack.Peek().(efp.Token).TValue),
					[]reflect.Value{reflect.ValueOf(argsList)})
				if err != nil {
					return efp.Token{}, err
				}
				argsList.Init()
				opfStack.Pop()
				if opfStack.Len() > 0 { // still in function stack
					opfdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: result, TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
				} else {
					opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: result, TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for optStack.Len() != 0 {
		topOpt := optStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
		if err = calculate(opdStack, topOpt); err != nil {
			return efp.Token{}, err
		}
		optStack.Pop()
	}
	if opdStack.Len() == 0 {
		return efp.Token{}, errors.New("formula not valid")
	}
	return opdStack.Peek().(efp.Token), err
}

// calcPow evaluate exponentiation arithmetic operations.
func calcPow(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	result := math.Pow(lOpdVal, rOpdVal)
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcEq evaluate equal arithmetic operations.
func calcEq(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(rOpd == lOpd)), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcL evaluate less than arithmetic operations.
func calcL(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(rOpdVal > lOpdVal)), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcLe evaluate less than or equal arithmetic operations.
func calcLe(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(rOpdVal >= lOpdVal)), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcG evaluate greater than or equal arithmetic operations.
func calcG(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(rOpdVal < lOpdVal)), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcGe evaluate greater than or equal arithmetic operations.
func calcGe(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(rOpdVal <= lOpdVal)), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcSplice evaluate splice '&' operations.
func calcSplice(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: lOpd + rOpd, TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcAdd evaluate addition arithmetic operations.
func calcAdd(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	result := lOpdVal + rOpdVal
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcSubtract evaluate subtraction arithmetic operations.
func calcSubtract(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	result := lOpdVal - rOpdVal
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcMultiply evaluate multiplication arithmetic operations.
func calcMultiply(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	result := lOpdVal * rOpdVal
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calcDiv evaluate division arithmetic operations.
func calcDiv(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error {
	lOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(lOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rOpdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(rOpd, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	result := lOpdVal / rOpdVal
	if rOpdVal == 0 {
		return errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
	}
	opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	return nil
}

// calculate evaluate basic arithmetic operations.
func calculate(opdStack *Stack, opt efp.Token) error {
	if opt.TValue == "-" && opt.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperatorPrefix {
		if opdStack.Len() < 1 {
			return errors.New("formula not valid")
		}
		opd := opdStack.Pop().(efp.Token)
		opdVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(opd.TValue, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		result := 0 - opdVal
		opdStack.Push(efp.Token{TValue: fmt.Sprintf("%g", result), TType: efp.TokenTypeOperand, TSubType: efp.TokenSubTypeNumber})
	}
	tokenCalcFunc := map[string]func(rOpd, lOpd string, opdStack *Stack) error{
		"^":  calcPow,
		"*":  calcMultiply,
		"/":  calcDiv,
		"+":  calcAdd,
		"=":  calcEq,
		"<":  calcL,
		"<=": calcLe,
		">":  calcG,
		">=": calcGe,
		"&":  calcSplice,
	}
	if opt.TValue == "-" && opt.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperatorInfix {
		if opdStack.Len() < 2 {
			return errors.New("formula not valid")
		}
		rOpd := opdStack.Pop().(efp.Token)
		lOpd := opdStack.Pop().(efp.Token)
		if err := calcSubtract(rOpd.TValue, lOpd.TValue, opdStack); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	fn, ok := tokenCalcFunc[opt.TValue]
	if ok {
		if opdStack.Len() < 2 {
			return errors.New("formula not valid")
		}
		rOpd := opdStack.Pop().(efp.Token)
		lOpd := opdStack.Pop().(efp.Token)
		if err := fn(rOpd.TValue, lOpd.TValue, opdStack); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// parseOperatorPrefixToken parse operator prefix token.
func (f *File) parseOperatorPrefixToken(optStack, opdStack *Stack, token efp.Token) (err error) {
	if optStack.Len() == 0 {
		optStack.Push(token)
	} else {
		tokenPriority := getPriority(token)
		topOpt := optStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
		topOptPriority := getPriority(topOpt)
		if tokenPriority > topOptPriority {
			optStack.Push(token)
		} else {
			for tokenPriority <= topOptPriority {
				optStack.Pop()
				if err = calculate(opdStack, topOpt); err != nil {
					return
				}
				if optStack.Len() > 0 {
					topOpt = optStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
					topOptPriority = getPriority(topOpt)
					continue
				}
				break
			}
			optStack.Push(token)
		}
	}
	return
}

// isOperatorPrefixToken determine if the token is parse operator prefix
// token.
func isOperatorPrefixToken(token efp.Token) bool {
	_, ok := tokenPriority[token.TValue]
	if (token.TValue == "-" && token.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperatorPrefix) || ok {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

func (f *File) getDefinedNameRefTo(definedNameName string, currentSheet string) (refTo string) {
	for _, definedName := range f.GetDefinedName() {
		if definedName.Name == definedNameName {
			refTo = definedName.RefersTo
			// worksheet scope takes precedence over scope workbook when both definedNames exist
			if definedName.Scope == currentSheet {
				break
			}
		}
	}
	return refTo
}

// parseToken parse basic arithmetic operator priority and evaluate based on
// operators and operands.
func (f *File) parseToken(sheet string, token efp.Token, opdStack, optStack *Stack) error {
	// parse reference: must reference at here
	if token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeRange {
		refTo := f.getDefinedNameRefTo(token.TValue, sheet)
		if refTo != "" {
			token.TValue = refTo
		}
		result, err := f.parseReference(sheet, token.TValue)
		if err != nil {
			return errors.New(formulaErrorNAME)
		}
		if result.Type != ArgString {
			return errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		}
		token.TValue = result.String
		token.TType = efp.TokenTypeOperand
		token.TSubType = efp.TokenSubTypeNumber
	}
	if isOperatorPrefixToken(token) {
		if err := f.parseOperatorPrefixToken(optStack, opdStack, token); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeSubexpression && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeStart { // (
		optStack.Push(token)
	}
	if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeSubexpression && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeStop { // )
		for optStack.Peek().(efp.Token).TSubType != efp.TokenSubTypeStart && optStack.Peek().(efp.Token).TType != efp.TokenTypeSubexpression { // != (
			topOpt := optStack.Peek().(efp.Token)
			if err := calculate(opdStack, topOpt); err != nil {
				return err
			}
			optStack.Pop()
		}
		optStack.Pop()
	}
	// opd
	if token.TType == efp.TokenTypeOperand && token.TSubType == efp.TokenSubTypeNumber {
		opdStack.Push(token)
	}
	return nil
}

// parseReference parse reference and extract values by given reference
// characters and default sheet name.
func (f *File) parseReference(sheet, reference string) (arg formulaArg, err error) {
	reference = strings.Replace(reference, "$", "", -1)
	refs, cellRanges, cellRefs := list.New(), list.New(), list.New()
	for _, ref := range strings.Split(reference, ":") {
		tokens := strings.Split(ref, "!")
		cr := cellRef{}
		if len(tokens) == 2 { // have a worksheet name
			cr.Sheet = tokens[0]
			if cr.Col, cr.Row, err = CellNameToCoordinates(tokens[1]); err != nil {
				return
			}
			if refs.Len() > 0 {
				e := refs.Back()
				cellRefs.PushBack(e.Value.(cellRef))
				refs.Remove(e)
			}
			refs.PushBack(cr)
			continue
		}
		if cr.Col, cr.Row, err = CellNameToCoordinates(tokens[0]); err != nil {
			return
		}
		e := refs.Back()
		if e == nil {
			cr.Sheet = sheet
			refs.PushBack(cr)
			continue
		}
		cellRanges.PushBack(cellRange{
			From: e.Value.(cellRef),
			To:   cr,
		})
		refs.Remove(e)
	}
	if refs.Len() > 0 {
		e := refs.Back()
		cellRefs.PushBack(e.Value.(cellRef))
		refs.Remove(e)
	}
	arg, err = f.rangeResolver(cellRefs, cellRanges)
	return
}

// prepareValueRange prepare value range.
func prepareValueRange(cr cellRange, valueRange []int) {
	if cr.From.Row < valueRange[0] || valueRange[0] == 0 {
		valueRange[0] = cr.From.Row
	}
	if cr.From.Col < valueRange[2] || valueRange[2] == 0 {
		valueRange[2] = cr.From.Col
	}
	if cr.To.Row > valueRange[1] || valueRange[1] == 0 {
		valueRange[1] = cr.To.Row
	}
	if cr.To.Col > valueRange[3] || valueRange[3] == 0 {
		valueRange[3] = cr.To.Col
	}
}

// prepareValueRef prepare value reference.
func prepareValueRef(cr cellRef, valueRange []int) {
	if cr.Row < valueRange[0] || valueRange[0] == 0 {
		valueRange[0] = cr.Row
	}
	if cr.Col < valueRange[2] || valueRange[2] == 0 {
		valueRange[2] = cr.Col
	}
	if cr.Row > valueRange[1] || valueRange[1] == 0 {
		valueRange[1] = cr.Row
	}
	if cr.Col > valueRange[3] || valueRange[3] == 0 {
		valueRange[3] = cr.Col
	}
}

// rangeResolver extract value as string from given reference and range list.
// This function will not ignore the empty cell. For example, A1:A2:A2:B3 will
// be reference A1:B3.
func (f *File) rangeResolver(cellRefs, cellRanges *list.List) (arg formulaArg, err error) {
	// value range order: from row, to row, from column, to column
	valueRange := []int{0, 0, 0, 0}
	var sheet string
	// prepare value range
	for temp := cellRanges.Front(); temp != nil; temp = temp.Next() {
		cr := temp.Value.(cellRange)
		if cr.From.Sheet != cr.To.Sheet {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		}
		rng := []int{cr.From.Col, cr.From.Row, cr.To.Col, cr.To.Row}
		sortCoordinates(rng)
		cr.From.Col, cr.From.Row, cr.To.Col, cr.To.Row = rng[0], rng[1], rng[2], rng[3]
		prepareValueRange(cr, valueRange)
		if cr.From.Sheet != "" {
			sheet = cr.From.Sheet
		}
	}
	for temp := cellRefs.Front(); temp != nil; temp = temp.Next() {
		cr := temp.Value.(cellRef)
		if cr.Sheet != "" {
			sheet = cr.Sheet
		}
		prepareValueRef(cr, valueRange)
	}
	// extract value from ranges
	if cellRanges.Len() > 0 {
		arg.Type = ArgMatrix
		for row := valueRange[0]; row <= valueRange[1]; row++ {
			var matrixRow = []formulaArg{}
			for col := valueRange[2]; col <= valueRange[3]; col++ {
				var cell, value string
				if cell, err = CoordinatesToCellName(col, row); err != nil {
					return
				}
				if value, err = f.GetCellValue(sheet, cell); err != nil {
					return
				}
				matrixRow = append(matrixRow, formulaArg{
					String: value,
					Type:   ArgString,
				})
			}
			arg.Matrix = append(arg.Matrix, matrixRow)
		}
		return
	}
	// extract value from references
	for temp := cellRefs.Front(); temp != nil; temp = temp.Next() {
		cr := temp.Value.(cellRef)
		var cell string
		if cell, err = CoordinatesToCellName(cr.Col, cr.Row); err != nil {
			return
		}
		if arg.String, err = f.GetCellValue(cr.Sheet, cell); err != nil {
			return
		}
		arg.Type = ArgString
	}
	return
}

// callFuncByName calls the no error or only error return function with
// reflect by given receiver, name and parameters.
func callFuncByName(receiver interface{}, name string, params []reflect.Value) (result string, err error) {
	function := reflect.ValueOf(receiver).MethodByName(name)
	if function.IsValid() {
		rt := function.Call(params)
		if len(rt) == 0 {
			return
		}
		if !rt[1].IsNil() {
			err = rt[1].Interface().(error)
			return
		}
		result = rt[0].Interface().(string)
		return
	}
	err = fmt.Errorf("not support %s function", name)
	return
}

// formulaCriteriaParser parse formula criteria.
func formulaCriteriaParser(exp string) (fc *formulaCriteria) {
	fc = &formulaCriteria{}
	if exp == "" {
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^([0-9]+)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaEq, match[1]
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^=(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaEq, match[1]
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^<=(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaLe, match[1]
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^>=(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaGe, match[1]
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^<(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaL, match[1]
		return
	}
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^>(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(exp); len(match) > 1 {
		fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaG, match[1]
		return
	}
	if strings.Contains(exp, "*") {
		if strings.HasPrefix(exp, "*") {
			fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaEnd, strings.TrimPrefix(exp, "*")
		}
		if strings.HasSuffix(exp, "*") {
			fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaBeg, strings.TrimSuffix(exp, "*")
		}
		return
	}
	fc.Type, fc.Condition = criteriaEq, exp
	return
}

// formulaCriteriaEval evaluate formula criteria expression.
func formulaCriteriaEval(val string, criteria *formulaCriteria) (result bool, err error) {
	var value, expected float64
	var e error
	var prepareValue = func(val, cond string) (value float64, expected float64, err error) {
		if value, err = strconv.ParseFloat(val, 64); err != nil {
			return
		}
		if expected, err = strconv.ParseFloat(criteria.Condition, 64); err != nil {
			return
		}
		return
	}
	switch criteria.Type {
	case criteriaEq:
		return val == criteria.Condition, err
	case criteriaLe:
		value, expected, e = prepareValue(val, criteria.Condition)
		return value <= expected && e == nil, err
	case criteriaGe:
		value, expected, e = prepareValue(val, criteria.Condition)
		return value >= expected && e == nil, err
	case criteriaL:
		value, expected, e = prepareValue(val, criteria.Condition)
		return value < expected && e == nil, err
	case criteriaG:
		value, expected, e = prepareValue(val, criteria.Condition)
		return value > expected && e == nil, err
	case criteriaBeg:
		return strings.HasPrefix(val, criteria.Condition), err
	case criteriaEnd:
		return strings.HasSuffix(val, criteria.Condition), err
	}
	return
}

// Math and Trigonometric functions

// ABS function returns the absolute value of any supplied number. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   ABS(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ABS(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ABS requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Abs(val))
	return
}

// ACOS function calculates the arccosine (i.e. the inverse cosine) of a given
// number, and returns an angle, in radians, between 0 and π. The syntax of
// the function is:
//
//   ACOS(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ACOS(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ACOS requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Acos(val))
	return
}

// ACOSH function calculates the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a supplied number.
// of the function is:
//
//   ACOSH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ACOSH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ACOSH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Acosh(val))
	return
}

// ACOT function calculates the arccotangent (i.e. the inverse cotangent) of a
// given number, and returns an angle, in radians, between 0 and π. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   ACOT(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ACOT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ACOT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Pi/2-math.Atan(val))
	return
}

// ACOTH function calculates the hyperbolic arccotangent (coth) of a supplied
// value. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ACOTH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ACOTH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ACOTH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Atanh(1/val))
	return
}

// ARABIC function converts a Roman numeral into an Arabic numeral. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   ARABIC(text)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ARABIC(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ARABIC requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	charMap := map[rune]float64{'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
	val, last, prefix := 0.0, 0.0, 1.0
	for _, char := range argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String {
		digit := 0.0
		if char == '-' {
			prefix = -1
			continue
		}
		digit, _ = charMap[char]
		val += digit
		switch {
		case last == digit && (last == 5 || last == 50 || last == 500):
			result = formulaErrorVALUE
			return
		case 2*last == digit:
			result = formulaErrorVALUE
			return
		}
		if last < digit {
			val -= 2 * last
		}
		last = digit
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", prefix*val)
	return
}

// ASIN function calculates the arcsine (i.e. the inverse sine) of a given
// number, and returns an angle, in radians, between -π/2 and π/2. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   ASIN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ASIN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ASIN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Asin(val))
	return
}

// ASINH function calculates the inverse hyperbolic sine of a supplied number.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ASINH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ASINH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ASINH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Asinh(val))
	return
}

// ATAN function calculates the arctangent (i.e. the inverse tangent) of a
// given number, and returns an angle, in radians, between -π/2 and +π/2. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   ATAN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ATAN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ATAN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Atan(val))
	return
}

// ATANH function calculates the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a supplied
// number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ATANH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ATANH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ATANH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Atanh(val))
	return
}

// ATAN2 function calculates the arctangent (i.e. the inverse tangent) of a
// given set of x and y coordinates, and returns an angle, in radians, between
// -π/2 and +π/2. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ATAN2(x_num,y_num)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ATAN2(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("ATAN2 requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var x, y float64
	if x, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if y, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Atan2(x, y))
	return
}

// BASE function converts a number into a supplied base (radix), and returns a
// text representation of the calculated value. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   BASE(number,radix,[min_length])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) BASE(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() < 2 {
		err = errors.New("BASE requires at least 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 3 {
		err = errors.New("BASE allows at most 3 arguments")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	var radix, minLength int
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if radix, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Front().Next().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if radix < 2 || radix > 36 {
		err = errors.New("radix must be an integer >= 2 and <= 36")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		if minLength, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	result = strconv.FormatInt(int64(number), radix)
	if len(result) < minLength {
		result = strings.Repeat("0", minLength-len(result)) + result
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(result)
	return
}

// CEILING function rounds a supplied number away from zero, to the nearest
// multiple of a given number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   CEILING(number,significance)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) CEILING(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	number, significance, res := 0.0, 1.0, 0.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	if significance < 0 && number > 0 {
		err = errors.New("negative sig to CEILING invalid")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Ceil(number))
		return
	}
	number, res = math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res > 0 {
		number++
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", number*significance)
	return
}

// CEILINGMATH function rounds a supplied number up to a supplied multiple of
// significance. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   CEILING.MATH(number,[significance],[mode])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) CEILINGMATH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING.MATH requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 3 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING.MATH allows at most 3 arguments")
		return
	}
	number, significance, mode := 0.0, 1.0, 1.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Next().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Ceil(number))
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		if mode, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res != 0 {
		if number > 0 {
			val++
		} else if mode < 0 {
			val--
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance)
	return
}

// CEILINGPRECISE function rounds a supplied number up (regardless of the
// number's sign), to the nearest multiple of a given number. The syntax of
// the function is:
//
//   CEILING.PRECISE(number,[significance])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) CEILINGPRECISE(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING.PRECISE requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("CEILING.PRECISE allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	number, significance := 0.0, 1.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Ceil(number))
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		significance = math.Abs(significance)
		if significance == 0 {
			result = "0"
			return
		}
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res != 0 {
		if number > 0 {
			val++
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance)
	return
}

// COMBIN function calculates the number of combinations (in any order) of a
// given number objects from a set. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   COMBIN(number,number_chosen)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COMBIN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("COMBIN requires 2 argument")
		return
	}
	number, chosen, val := 0.0, 0.0, 1.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if chosen, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	number, chosen = math.Trunc(number), math.Trunc(chosen)
	if chosen > number {
		err = errors.New("COMBIN requires number >= number_chosen")
		return
	}
	if chosen == number || chosen == 0 {
		result = "1"
		return
	}
	for c := float64(1); c <= chosen; c++ {
		val *= (number + 1 - c) / c
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Ceil(val))
	return
}

// COMBINA function calculates the number of combinations, with repetitions,
// of a given number objects from a set. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   COMBINA(number,number_chosen)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COMBINA(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("COMBINA requires 2 argument")
		return
	}
	var number, chosen float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if chosen, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	number, chosen = math.Trunc(number), math.Trunc(chosen)
	if number < chosen {
		err = errors.New("COMBINA requires number > number_chosen")
		return
	}
	if number == 0 {
		result = "0"
		return
	}
	args := list.New()
	args.PushBack(formulaArg{
		String: fmt.Sprintf("%g", number+chosen-1),
		Type:   ArgString,
	})
	args.PushBack(formulaArg{
		String: fmt.Sprintf("%g", number-1),
		Type:   ArgString,
	})
	return fn.COMBIN(args)
}

// COS function calculates the cosine of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   COS(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COS(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("COS requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Cos(val))
	return
}

// COSH function calculates the hyperbolic cosine (cosh) of a supplied number.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//   COSH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COSH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("COSH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Cosh(val))
	return
}

// COT function calculates the cotangent of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   COT(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("COT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Tan(val))
	return
}

// COTH function calculates the hyperbolic cotangent (coth) of a supplied
// angle. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   COTH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COTH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("COTH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Tanh(val))
	return
}

// CSC function calculates the cosecant of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   CSC(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) CSC(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("CSC requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", 1/math.Sin(val))
	return
}

// CSCH function calculates the hyperbolic cosecant (csch) of a supplied
// angle. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   CSCH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) CSCH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("CSCH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", 1/math.Sinh(val))
	return
}

// DECIMAL function converts a text representation of a number in a specified
// base, into a decimal value. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   DECIMAL(text,radix)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) DECIMAL(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("DECIMAL requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var text = argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String
	var radix int
	if radix, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if len(text) > 2 && (strings.HasPrefix(text, "0x") || strings.HasPrefix(text, "0X")) {
		text = text[2:]
	}
	val, err := strconv.ParseInt(text, radix, 64)
	if err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", float64(val))
	return
}

// DEGREES function converts radians into degrees. The syntax of the function
// is:
//
//   DEGREES(angle)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) DEGREES(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("DEGREES requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", 180.0/math.Pi*val)
	return
}

// EVEN function rounds a supplied number away from zero (i.e. rounds a
// positive number up and a negative number down), to the next even number.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//   EVEN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) EVEN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("EVEN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	sign := math.Signbit(number)
	m, frac := math.Modf(number / 2)
	val := m * 2
	if frac != 0 {
		if !sign {
			val += 2
		} else {
			val -= 2
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val)
	return
}

// EXP function calculates the value of the mathematical constant e, raised to
// the power of a given number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   EXP(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) EXP(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("EXP requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Exp(number)))
	return
}

// fact returns the factorial of a supplied number.
func fact(number float64) float64 {
	val := float64(1)
	for i := float64(2); i <= number; i++ {
		val *= i
	}
	return val
}

// FACT function returns the factorial of a supplied number. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   FACT(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) FACT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("FACT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%g", fact(number)))
	return
}

// FACTDOUBLE function returns the double factorial of a supplied number. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   FACTDOUBLE(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) FACTDOUBLE(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("FACTDOUBLE requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	number, val := 0.0, 1.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	for i := math.Trunc(number); i > 1; i -= 2 {
		val *= i
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%g", val))
	return
}

// FLOOR function rounds a supplied number towards zero to the nearest
// multiple of a specified significance. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   FLOOR(number,significance)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) FLOOR(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("FLOOR requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, significance float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if significance < 0 && number >= 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	val := number
	val, res := math.Modf(val / significance)
	if res != 0 {
		if number < 0 && res < 0 {
			val--
		}
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance))
	return
}

// FLOORMATH function rounds a supplied number down to a supplied multiple of
// significance. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   FLOOR.MATH(number,[significance],[mode])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) FLOORMATH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("FLOOR.MATH requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 3 {
		err = errors.New("FLOOR.MATH allows at most 3 arguments")
		return
	}
	number, significance, mode := 0.0, 1.0, 1.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Next().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Floor(number))
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		if mode, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res != 0 && number < 0 && mode > 0 {
		val--
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance)
	return
}

// FLOORPRECISE function rounds a supplied number down to a supplied multiple
// of significance. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   FLOOR.PRECISE(number,[significance])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) FLOORPRECISE(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("FLOOR.PRECISE requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("FLOOR.PRECISE allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, significance float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Floor(number))
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		significance = math.Abs(significance)
		if significance == 0 {
			result = "0"
			return
		}
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res != 0 {
		if number < 0 {
			val--
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance)
	return
}

// gcd returns the greatest common divisor of two supplied integers.
func gcd(x, y float64) float64 {
	x, y = math.Trunc(x), math.Trunc(y)
	if x == 0 {
		return y
	}
	if y == 0 {
		return x
	}
	for x != y {
		if x > y {
			x = x - y
		} else {
			y = y - x
		}
	}
	return x
}

// GCD function returns the greatest common divisor of two or more supplied
// integers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   GCD(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) GCD(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("GCD requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	var (
		val  float64
		nums = []float64{}
	)
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg).String
		if token == "" {
			continue
		}
		if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		nums = append(nums, val)
	}
	if nums[0] < 0 {
		err = errors.New("GCD only accepts positive arguments")
		return
	}
	if len(nums) == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", nums[0])
		return
	}
	cd := nums[0]
	for i := 1; i < len(nums); i++ {
		if nums[i] < 0 {
			err = errors.New("GCD only accepts positive arguments")
			return
		}
		cd = gcd(cd, nums[i])
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", cd)
	return
}

// INT function truncates a supplied number down to the closest integer. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   INT(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) INT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("INT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	val, frac := math.Modf(number)
	if frac < 0 {
		val--
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val)
	return
}

// ISOCEILING function rounds a supplied number up (regardless of the number's
// sign), to the nearest multiple of a supplied significance. The syntax of
// the function is:
//
//   ISO.CEILING(number,[significance])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISOCEILING(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("ISO.CEILING requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("ISO.CEILING allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, significance float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number < 0 {
		significance = -1
	}
	if argsList.Len() == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Ceil(number))
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if significance, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		significance = math.Abs(significance)
		if significance == 0 {
			result = "0"
			return
		}
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	if res != 0 {
		if number > 0 {
			val++
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val*significance)
	return
}

// lcm returns the least common multiple of two supplied integers.
func lcm(a, b float64) float64 {
	a = math.Trunc(a)
	b = math.Trunc(b)
	if a == 0 && b == 0 {
		return 0
	}
	return a * b / gcd(a, b)
}

// LCM function returns the least common multiple of two or more supplied
// integers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   LCM(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) LCM(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("LCM requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	var (
		val  float64
		nums = []float64{}
	)
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg).String
		if token == "" {
			continue
		}
		if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		nums = append(nums, val)
	}
	if nums[0] < 0 {
		err = errors.New("LCM only accepts positive arguments")
		return
	}
	if len(nums) == 1 {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", nums[0])
		return
	}
	cm := nums[0]
	for i := 1; i < len(nums); i++ {
		if nums[i] < 0 {
			err = errors.New("LCM only accepts positive arguments")
			return
		}
		cm = lcm(cm, nums[i])
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", cm)
	return
}

// LN function calculates the natural logarithm of a given number. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   LN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) LN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("LN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Log(number))
	return
}

// LOG function calculates the logarithm of a given number, to a supplied
// base. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   LOG(number,[base])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) LOG(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("LOG requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("LOG allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	number, base := 0.0, 10.0
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if base, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	if number == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	if base == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	if base == 1 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Log(number)/math.Log(base))
	return
}

// LOG10 function calculates the base 10 logarithm of a given number. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   LOG10(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) LOG10(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("LOG10 requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Log10(number))
	return
}

func minor(sqMtx [][]float64, idx int) [][]float64 {
	ret := [][]float64{}
	for i := range sqMtx {
		if i == 0 {
			continue
		}
		row := []float64{}
		for j := range sqMtx {
			if j == idx {
				continue
			}
			row = append(row, sqMtx[i][j])
		}
		ret = append(ret, row)
	}
	return ret
}

// det determinant of the 2x2 matrix.
func det(sqMtx [][]float64) float64 {
	if len(sqMtx) == 2 {
		m00 := sqMtx[0][0]
		m01 := sqMtx[0][1]
		m10 := sqMtx[1][0]
		m11 := sqMtx[1][1]
		return m00*m11 - m10*m01
	}
	var res, sgn float64 = 0, 1
	for j := range sqMtx {
		res += sgn * sqMtx[0][j] * det(minor(sqMtx, j))
		sgn *= -1
	}
	return res
}

// MDETERM calculates the determinant of a square matrix. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   MDETERM(array)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MDETERM(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	var num float64
	var numMtx = [][]float64{}
	var strMtx = argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).Matrix
	if argsList.Len() < 1 {
		return
	}
	var rows = len(strMtx)
	for _, row := range argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).Matrix {
		if len(row) != rows {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		numRow := []float64{}
		for _, ele := range row {
			if num, err = strconv.ParseFloat(ele.String, 64); err != nil {
				return
			}
			numRow = append(numRow, num)
		}
		numMtx = append(numMtx, numRow)
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", det(numMtx))
	return
}

// MOD function returns the remainder of a division between two supplied
// numbers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   MOD(number,divisor)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MOD(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("MOD requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, divisor float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if divisor, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if divisor == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	trunc, rem := math.Modf(number / divisor)
	if rem < 0 {
		trunc--
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", number-divisor*trunc)
	return
}

// MROUND function rounds a supplied number up or down to the nearest multiple
// of a given number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   MOD(number,multiple)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MROUND(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("MROUND requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, multiple float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if multiple, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if multiple == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	if multiple < 0 && number > 0 ||
		multiple > 0 && number < 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	number, res := math.Modf(number / multiple)
	if math.Trunc(res+0.5) > 0 {
		number++
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", number*multiple)
	return
}

// MULTINOMIAL function calculates the ratio of the factorial of a sum of
// supplied values to the product of factorials of those values. The syntax of
// the function is:
//
//    MULTINOMIAL(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MULTINOMIAL(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	val, num, denom := 0.0, 0.0, 1.0
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		if token.String == "" {
			continue
		}
		if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		num += val
		denom *= fact(val)
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", fact(num)/denom)
	return
}

// MUNIT function returns the unit matrix for a specified dimension. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   MUNIT(dimension)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MUNIT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("MUNIT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var dimension int
	if dimension, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	matrix := make([][]float64, 0, dimension)
	for i := 0; i < dimension; i++ {
		row := make([]float64, dimension)
		for j := 0; j < dimension; j++ {
			if i == j {
				row[j] = float64(1.0)
			} else {
				row[j] = float64(0.0)
			}
		}
		matrix = append(matrix, row)
	}
	return
}

// ODD function ounds a supplied number away from zero (i.e. rounds a positive
// number up and a negative number down), to the next odd number. The syntax
// of the function is:
//
//   ODD(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ODD(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ODD requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if number == 0 {
		result = "1"
		return
	}
	sign := math.Signbit(number)
	m, frac := math.Modf((number - 1) / 2)
	val := m*2 + 1
	if frac != 0 {
		if !sign {
			val += 2
		} else {
			val -= 2
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", val)
	return
}

// PI function returns the value of the mathematical constant π (pi), accurate
// to 15 digits (14 decimal places). The syntax of the function is:
//
//   PI()
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) PI(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 0 {
		err = errors.New("PI accepts no arguments")
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Pi)
	return
}

// POWER function calculates a given number, raised to a supplied power.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//    POWER(number,power)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) POWER(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("POWER requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var x, y float64
	if x, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if y, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if x == 0 && y == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	if x == 0 && y < 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Pow(x, y))
	return
}

// PRODUCT function returns the product (multiplication) of a supplied set of
// numerical values. The syntax of the function is:
//
//    PRODUCT(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) PRODUCT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	val, product := 0.0, 1.0
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch token.Type {
		case ArgUnknown:
			continue
		case ArgString:
			if token.String == "" {
				continue
			}
			if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			product = product * val
		case ArgMatrix:
			for _, row := range token.Matrix {
				for _, value := range row {
					if value.String == "" {
						continue
					}
					if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(value.String, 64); err != nil {
						err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
						return
					}
					product = product * val
				}
			}
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", product)
	return
}

// QUOTIENT function returns the integer portion of a division between two
// supplied numbers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   QUOTIENT(numerator,denominator)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) QUOTIENT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("QUOTIENT requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var x, y float64
	if x, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if y, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if y == 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorDIV)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Trunc(x/y))
	return
}

// RADIANS function converts radians into degrees. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   RADIANS(angle)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) RADIANS(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("RADIANS requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var angle float64
	if angle, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Pi/180.0*angle)
	return
}

// RAND function generates a random real number between 0 and 1. The syntax of
// the function is:
//
//   RAND()
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) RAND(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 0 {
		err = errors.New("RAND accepts no arguments")
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())).Float64())
	return
}

// RANDBETWEEN function generates a random integer between two supplied
// integers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) RANDBETWEEN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("RANDBETWEEN requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var bottom, top int64
	if bottom, err = strconv.ParseInt(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 10, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if top, err = strconv.ParseInt(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 10, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if top < bottom {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", float64(rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())).Int63n(top-bottom+1)+bottom))
	return
}

// romanNumerals defined a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and
// remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the
// Late Middle Ages.
type romanNumerals struct {
	n float64
	s string
}

var romanTable = [][]romanNumerals{{{1000, "M"}, {900, "CM"}, {500, "D"}, {400, "CD"}, {100, "C"}, {90, "XC"}, {50, "L"}, {40, "XL"}, {10, "X"}, {9, "IX"}, {5, "V"}, {4, "IV"}, {1, "I"}},
	{{1000, "M"}, {950, "LM"}, {900, "CM"}, {500, "D"}, {450, "LD"}, {400, "CD"}, {100, "C"}, {95, "VC"}, {90, "XC"}, {50, "L"}, {45, "VL"}, {40, "XL"}, {10, "X"}, {9, "IX"}, {5, "V"}, {4, "IV"}, {1, "I"}},
	{{1000, "M"}, {990, "XM"}, {950, "LM"}, {900, "CM"}, {500, "D"}, {490, "XD"}, {450, "LD"}, {400, "CD"}, {100, "C"}, {99, "IC"}, {90, "XC"}, {50, "L"}, {45, "VL"}, {40, "XL"}, {10, "X"}, {9, "IX"}, {5, "V"}, {4, "IV"}, {1, "I"}},
	{{1000, "M"}, {995, "VM"}, {990, "XM"}, {950, "LM"}, {900, "CM"}, {500, "D"}, {495, "VD"}, {490, "XD"}, {450, "LD"}, {400, "CD"}, {100, "C"}, {99, "IC"}, {90, "XC"}, {50, "L"}, {45, "VL"}, {40, "XL"}, {10, "X"}, {9, "IX"}, {5, "V"}, {4, "IV"}, {1, "I"}},
	{{1000, "M"}, {999, "IM"}, {995, "VM"}, {990, "XM"}, {950, "LM"}, {900, "CM"}, {500, "D"}, {499, "ID"}, {495, "VD"}, {490, "XD"}, {450, "LD"}, {400, "CD"}, {100, "C"}, {99, "IC"}, {90, "XC"}, {50, "L"}, {45, "VL"}, {40, "XL"}, {10, "X"}, {9, "IX"}, {5, "V"}, {4, "IV"}, {1, "I"}}}

// ROMAN function converts an arabic number to Roman. I.e. for a supplied
// integer, the function returns a text string depicting the roman numeral
// form of the number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ROMAN(number,[form])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ROMAN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("ROMAN requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 2 {
		err = errors.New("ROMAN allows at most 2 arguments")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	var form int
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if form, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		if form < 0 {
			form = 0
		} else if form > 4 {
			form = 4
		}
	}
	decimalTable := romanTable[0]
	switch form {
	case 1:
		decimalTable = romanTable[1]
	case 2:
		decimalTable = romanTable[2]
	case 3:
		decimalTable = romanTable[3]
	case 4:
		decimalTable = romanTable[4]
	}
	val := math.Trunc(number)
	buf := bytes.Buffer{}
	for _, r := range decimalTable {
		for val >= r.n {
			buf.WriteString(r.s)
			val -= r.n
		}
	}
	result = buf.String()
	return
}

type roundMode byte

const (
	closest roundMode = iota
	down
	up
)

// round rounds a supplied number up or down.
func (fn *formulaFuncs) round(number, digits float64, mode roundMode) float64 {
	var significance float64
	if digits > 0 {
		significance = math.Pow(1/10.0, digits)
	} else {
		significance = math.Pow(10.0, -digits)
	}
	val, res := math.Modf(number / significance)
	switch mode {
	case closest:
		const eps = 0.499999999
		if res >= eps {
			val++
		} else if res <= -eps {
			val--
		}
	case down:
	case up:
		if res > 0 {
			val++
		} else if res < 0 {
			val--
		}
	}
	return val * significance
}

// ROUND function rounds a supplied number up or down, to a specified number
// of decimal places. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ROUND(number,num_digits)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ROUND(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("ROUND requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, digits float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", fn.round(number, digits, closest))
	return
}

// ROUNDDOWN function rounds a supplied number down towards zero, to a
// specified number of decimal places. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ROUNDDOWN(number,num_digits)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ROUNDDOWN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("ROUNDDOWN requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, digits float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", fn.round(number, digits, down))
	return
}

// ROUNDUP function rounds a supplied number up, away from zero, to a
// specified number of decimal places. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ROUNDUP(number,num_digits)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ROUNDUP(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 2 {
		err = errors.New("ROUNDUP requires 2 numeric arguments")
		return
	}
	var number, digits float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", fn.round(number, digits, up))
	return
}

// SEC function calculates the secant of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//    SEC(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SEC(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SEC requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Cos(number))
	return
}

// SECH function calculates the hyperbolic secant (sech) of a supplied angle.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//    SECH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SECH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SECH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", 1/math.Cosh(number))
	return
}

// SIGN function returns the arithmetic sign (+1, -1 or 0) of a supplied
// number. I.e. if the number is positive, the Sign function returns +1, if
// the number is negative, the function returns -1 and if the number is 0
// (zero), the function returns 0. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   SIGN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SIGN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SIGN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var val float64
	if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if val < 0 {
		result = "-1"
		return
	}
	if val > 0 {
		result = "1"
		return
	}
	result = "0"
	return
}

// SIN function calculates the sine of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//    SIN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SIN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SIN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Sin(number))
	return
}

// SINH function calculates the hyperbolic sine (sinh) of a supplied number.
// The syntax of the function is:
//
//    SINH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SINH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SINH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Sinh(number))
	return
}

// SQRT function calculates the positive square root of a supplied number. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//    SQRT(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SQRT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SQRT requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var res float64
	var value = argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String
	if value == "" {
		result = "0"
		return
	}
	if res, err = strconv.ParseFloat(value, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if res < 0 {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorNUM)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Sqrt(res))
	return
}

// SQRTPI function returns the square root of a supplied number multiplied by
// the mathematical constant, π. The syntax of the function is:
//
//    SQRTPI(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SQRTPI(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("SQRTPI requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Sqrt(number*math.Pi))
	return
}

// SUM function adds together a supplied set of numbers and returns the sum of
// these values. The syntax of the function is:
//
//    SUM(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SUM(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	var val, sum float64
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch token.Type {
		case ArgUnknown:
			continue
		case ArgString:
			if token.String == "" {
				continue
			}
			if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			sum += val
		case ArgMatrix:
			for _, row := range token.Matrix {
				for _, value := range row {
					if value.String == "" {
						continue
					}
					if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(value.String, 64); err != nil {
						err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
						return
					}
					sum += val
				}
			}
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", sum)
	return
}

// SUMIF function finds the values in a supplied array, that satisfy a given
// criteria, and returns the sum of the corresponding values in a second
// supplied array. The syntax of the function is:
//
//    SUMIF(range,criteria,[sum_range])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SUMIF(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() < 2 {
		err = errors.New("SUMIF requires at least 2 argument")
		return
	}
	var criteria = formulaCriteriaParser(argsList.Front().Next().Value.(formulaArg).String)
	var rangeMtx = argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).Matrix
	var sumRange [][]formulaArg
	if argsList.Len() == 3 {
		sumRange = argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).Matrix
	}
	var sum, val float64
	for rowIdx, row := range rangeMtx {
		for colIdx, col := range row {
			var ok bool
			fromVal := col.String
			if col.String == "" {
				continue
			}
			if ok, err = formulaCriteriaEval(fromVal, criteria); err != nil {
				return
			}
			if ok {
				if argsList.Len() == 3 {
					if len(sumRange) <= rowIdx || len(sumRange[rowIdx]) <= colIdx {
						continue
					}
					fromVal = sumRange[rowIdx][colIdx].String
				}
				if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(fromVal, 64); err != nil {
					err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
					return
				}
				sum += val
			}
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", sum)
	return
}

// SUMSQ function returns the sum of squares of a supplied set of values. The
// syntax of the function is:
//
//   SUMSQ(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) SUMSQ(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	var val, sq float64
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch token.Type {
		case ArgString:
			if token.String == "" {
				continue
			}
			if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			sq += val * val
		case ArgMatrix:
			for _, row := range token.Matrix {
				for _, value := range row {
					if value.String == "" {
						continue
					}
					if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(value.String, 64); err != nil {
						err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
						return
					}
					sq += val * val
				}
			}
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", sq)
	return
}

// TAN function calculates the tangent of a given angle. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//    TAN(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) TAN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("TAN requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Tan(number))
	return
}

// TANH function calculates the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) of a supplied
// number. The syntax of the function is:
//
//    TANH(number)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) TANH(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("TANH requires 1 numeric argument")
		return
	}
	var number float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", math.Tanh(number))
	return
}

// TRUNC function truncates a supplied number to a specified number of decimal
// places. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   TRUNC(number,[number_digits])
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) TRUNC(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("TRUNC requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	var number, digits, adjust, rtrim float64
	if number, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
		err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 1 {
		if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		digits = math.Floor(digits)
	}
	adjust = math.Pow(10, digits)
	x := int((math.Abs(number) - math.Abs(float64(int(number)))) * adjust)
	if x != 0 {
		if rtrim, err = strconv.ParseFloat(strings.TrimRight(strconv.Itoa(x), "0"), 64); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}
	if (digits > 0) && (rtrim < adjust/10) {
		result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", number)
		return
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", float64(int(number*adjust))/adjust)
	return
}

// Statistical functions

// COUNTA function returns the number of non-blanks within a supplied set of
// cells or values. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   COUNTA(value1,[value2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) COUNTA(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	var count int
	for token := argsList.Front(); token != nil; token = token.Next() {
		arg := token.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch arg.Type {
		case ArgString:
			if arg.String != "" {
				count++
			}
		case ArgMatrix:
			for _, row := range arg.Matrix {
				for _, value := range row {
					if value.String != "" {
						count++
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%d", count)
	return
}

// MEDIAN function returns the statistical median (the middle value) of a list
// of supplied numbers. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   MEDIAN(number1,[number2],...)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) MEDIAN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("MEDIAN requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	values := []float64{}
	var median, digits float64
	for token := argsList.Front(); token != nil; token = token.Next() {
		arg := token.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch arg.Type {
		case ArgString:
			if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			values = append(values, digits)
		case ArgMatrix:
			for _, row := range arg.Matrix {
				for _, value := range row {
					if value.String == "" {
						continue
					}
					if digits, err = strconv.ParseFloat(value.String, 64); err != nil {
						err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
						return
					}
					values = append(values, digits)
				}
			}
		}
	}
	sort.Float64s(values)
	if len(values)%2 == 0 {
		median = (values[len(values)/2-1] + values[len(values)/2]) / 2
	} else {
		median = values[len(values)/2]
	}
	result = fmt.Sprintf("%g", median)
	return
}

// Information functions

// ISBLANK function tests if a specified cell is blank (empty) and if so,
// returns TRUE; Otherwise the function returns FALSE. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   ISBLANK(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISBLANK(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISBLANK requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	switch token.Type {
	case ArgUnknown:
		result = "TRUE"
	case ArgString:
		if token.String == "" {
			result = "TRUE"
		}
	}
	return
}

// ISERR function tests if an initial supplied expression (or value) returns
// any Excel Error, except the #N/A error. If so, the function returns the
// logical value TRUE; If the supplied value is not an error or is the #N/A
// error, the ISERR function returns FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISERR(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISERR(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISERR requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	if token.Type == ArgString {
		for _, errType := range []string{formulaErrorDIV, formulaErrorNAME, formulaErrorNUM, formulaErrorVALUE, formulaErrorREF, formulaErrorNULL, formulaErrorSPILL, formulaErrorCALC, formulaErrorGETTINGDATA} {
			if errType == token.String {
				result = "TRUE"
			}
		}
	}
	return
}

// ISERROR function tests if an initial supplied expression (or value) returns
// an Excel Error, and if so, returns the logical value TRUE; Otherwise the
// function returns FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISERROR(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISERROR(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISERROR requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	if token.Type == ArgString {
		for _, errType := range []string{formulaErrorDIV, formulaErrorNAME, formulaErrorNA, formulaErrorNUM, formulaErrorVALUE, formulaErrorREF, formulaErrorNULL, formulaErrorSPILL, formulaErrorCALC, formulaErrorGETTINGDATA} {
			if errType == token.String {
				result = "TRUE"
			}
		}
	}
	return
}

// ISEVEN function tests if a supplied number (or numeric expression)
// evaluates to an even number, and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise, the
// function returns FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISEVEN(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISEVEN(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISEVEN requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	var numeric int
	if token.Type == ArgString {
		if numeric, err = strconv.Atoi(token.String); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		if numeric == numeric/2*2 {
			result = "TRUE"
			return
		}
	}
	return
}

// ISNA function tests if an initial supplied expression (or value) returns
// the Excel #N/A Error, and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise the function
// returns FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISNA(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISNA(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISNA requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	if token.Type == ArgString && token.String == formulaErrorNA {
		result = "TRUE"
	}
	return
}

// ISNONTEXT function function tests if a supplied value is text. If not, the
// function returns TRUE; If the supplied value is text, the function returns
// FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISNONTEXT(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISNONTEXT(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISNONTEXT requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "TRUE"
	if token.Type == ArgString && token.String != "" {
		result = "FALSE"
	}
	return
}

// ISNUMBER function function tests if a supplied value is a number. If so,
// the function returns TRUE; Otherwise it returns FALSE. The syntax of the
// function is:
//
//   ISNUMBER(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISNUMBER(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISNUMBER requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	if token.Type == ArgString && token.String != "" {
		if _, err = strconv.Atoi(token.String); err == nil {
			result = "TRUE"
		}
		err = nil
	}
	return
}

// ISODD function tests if a supplied number (or numeric expression) evaluates
// to an odd number, and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise, the function returns
// FALSE. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   ISODD(value)
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) ISODD(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 1 {
		err = errors.New("ISODD requires 1 argument")
		return
	}
	token := argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg)
	result = "FALSE"
	var numeric int
	if token.Type == ArgString {
		if numeric, err = strconv.Atoi(token.String); err != nil {
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
		if numeric != numeric/2*2 {
			result = "TRUE"
			return
		}
	}
	return
}

// NA function returns the Excel #N/A error. This error message has the
// meaning 'value not available' and is produced when an Excel Formula is
// unable to find a value that it needs. The syntax of the function is:
//
//   NA()
//
func (fn *formulaFuncs) NA(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 0 {
		err = errors.New("NA accepts no arguments")
		return
	}
	result = formulaErrorNA
	return
}

// Logical Functions

// AND function tests a number of supplied conditions and returns TRUE or
// FALSE.
func (fn *formulaFuncs) AND(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("AND requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 30 {
		err = errors.New("AND accepts at most 30 arguments")
		return
	}
	var and = true
	var val float64
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch token.Type {
		case ArgUnknown:
			continue
		case ArgString:
			if token.String == "TRUE" {
				continue
			}
			if token.String == "FALSE" {
				result = token.String
				return
			}
			if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			and = and && (val != 0)
		case ArgMatrix:
			// TODO
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(and))
	return
}

// OR function tests a number of supplied conditions and returns either TRUE
// or FALSE.
func (fn *formulaFuncs) OR(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() == 0 {
		err = errors.New("OR requires at least 1 argument")
		return
	}
	if argsList.Len() > 30 {
		err = errors.New("OR accepts at most 30 arguments")
		return
	}
	var or bool
	var val float64
	for arg := argsList.Front(); arg != nil; arg = arg.Next() {
		token := arg.Value.(formulaArg)
		switch token.Type {
		case ArgUnknown:
			continue
		case ArgString:
			if token.String == "FALSE" {
				continue
			}
			if token.String == "TRUE" {
				or = true
				continue
			}
			if val, err = strconv.ParseFloat(token.String, 64); err != nil {
				err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
				return
			}
			or = val != 0
		case ArgMatrix:
			// TODO
			err = errors.New(formulaErrorVALUE)
			return
		}
	}
	result = strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatBool(or))
	return
}

// Date and Time Functions

// DATE returns a date, from a user-supplied year, month and day.
func (fn *formulaFuncs) DATE(argsList *list.List) (result string, err error) {
	if argsList.Len() != 3 {
		err = errors.New("DATE requires 3 number arguments")
		return
	}
	var year, month, day int
	if year, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Front().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New("DATE requires 3 number arguments")
		return
	}
	if month, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Front().Next().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New("DATE requires 3 number arguments")
		return
	}
	if day, err = strconv.Atoi(argsList.Back().Value.(formulaArg).String); err != nil {
		err = errors.New("DATE requires 3 number arguments")
		return
	}
	d := makeDate(year, time.Month(month), day)
	result = timeFromExcelTime(daysBetween(excelMinTime1900.Unix(), d)+1, false).String()
	return
}

// makeDate return date as a Unix time, the number of seconds elapsed since
// January 1, 1970 UTC.
func makeDate(y int, m time.Month, d int) int64 {
	if y == 1900 && int(m) <= 2 {
		d--
	}
	date := time.Date(y, m, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
	return date.Unix()
}

// daysBetween return time interval of the given start timestamp and end
// timestamp.
func daysBetween(startDate, endDate int64) float64 {
	return float64(int(0.5 + float64((endDate-startDate)/86400)))
}