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Draft Version: 0.1 | Document Author: Aditya Mehra | Status: Incomplete | Last Modified: 23rd August 2019

In the age of information visualization is eminently essential to grab attention and create a promising communication strategy. Visual content that supports your spoken content can make it easier to present information well and more engaging for your audience and users.

(Image to be replaced by orignal artwork..)

INTRODUCTION TO MYCROFT-GUI

Mycroft-GUI is an open source visual and display framework for Mycroft running on top of KDE Plasma Technology and built using Kirigami a lightweight user interface framework for convergent applications which are empowered by Qt.

GETTING STARTED

Mycroft is an open source voice assistant that can be extended and expanded to the limits of your imagination. Mycroft can run anywhere from your desktop to your automobiles or on smart devices that empower your home.

Want Mycroft to do something new? Teach Mycroft a skill, share it, and improve the experience for tens of thousands of people all over the world. This guide aims to provide you with resources to create familar and consistent visual experiences with your expanding and innovative skills.

The Mycroft GUI Visual Skill Development Guide is divided into two sections:

Visual Skill Development API Foundation

Learn and familarize yourself with the basics of expanding your voice only skills with the Visual Skill Development API for devices that support displays..(Learn More Link)

Visual Skill Development Human Interface Guidelines

Learn about the best practises and design philosphy to creating consistent visual experiences..(Learn More Link)

VISUAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT API FOUNDATION

Mycroft enabled devices with displays such as the Mark II, KDE Plasmoid provide skill developers the opportunity to create skills that can be empowered by both voice and screen interaction. The display interaction technology is based on the QML user interface markup language that gives you complete freedom to create in-depth innovative interactions without boundries or provide you with simple templates within the Mycroft GUI framework that allow minimalistic display of text and images based on your skill development specifics and preferences.

This section of the guide is divided into two skill examples that will show you how to create:

In-depth QML based audio and visual interaction skills
Simple template based text and image skills

In-depth QML based audio and visual interaction skills

QML user interface markup language is a declartive language built on top of Qt's existing strengths designed to describe the user interface of a program: both what it looks like, and how it behaves. QML provides modules that consist of sophisticated set of graphical and behavioral building elements. In the example below we will showcase how to create a QML interface for your skill including how it interacts with your voice skill.

Before Getting Started Resources

A collection of resources to familarize you with QML and Kirigami Framework.

Building your skill to support display

Skills for Mycroft AI are written in Python, using the skills development guide available here

Recipes Skill Example

Let's walk you through some basics of writing your QML user interface, this section is divided into 5 parts:

Importing Modules
Using Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates
Using Mycroft Framework Components
Event Handling
Resting Faces

Importing Modules

A QML module provides versioned types and JavaScript resources in a type namespace which may be used by clients who import the module. Modules make use of the QML versioning system which allows modules to be independently updated. More in-depth information about QML modules can be found here Qt Qml Modules Documentation

In the code snippet example below we will look at importing some of the common modules that provide the components required to get started with our Visual User Interface.

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft
import org.kde.lottie 1.0

QTQuick Module:

Qt Quick module is the standard library for writing QML applications, the module provides a visual canvas and includes types for creating and animating visual components, receiving user input, creating data models and views and delayed object instantiation. In-depth information about QTQuick can be found at Qt Quick Documentation

QTQuick.Controls Module:

The QtQuick Controls module provides a set of controls that can be used to build complete interfaces in Qt Quick. Some of the controls provided are button controls, container controls, delegate controls, indicator controls, input controls, navigation controls and more, for a complete list of controls and components provided by QtQuick Controls you can refer to QtQuick Controls 2 Guidelines

QtQuick.Layouts Module:

QtQuick Layouts are a set of QML types used to arrange items in a user interface. Some of the layouts provided by QtQuick Layouts are Coloumn Layout, Grid Layout, Row Layout and more, for a complete list of layouts you can refer to QtQuick Layouts Documentation

Kirigami Module:

Kirigami is a set of QtQuick components for mobile and convergent applications. Kirigami is a set of high level components to make the creation of applications that look and feel great on mobile as well as desktop devices and follow the Kirigami Human Interface Guidelines

Mycroft Module:

Mycroft GUI frameworks provides a set of high level components and events system for aiding in the development of mycroft visual skills. One of the controls provided by Mycroft GUI frameworks are Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates Documentation

QML Lottie Module:

This provides a QML Item to render Adobe® After Effects™ animations exported as JSON with Bodymovin using the Lottie Web library. For list of all properties supported refer Lottie QML

Using Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates

When you design your skill with QML, Mycroft-GUI frameworks provides you with some base delegates you should use when desiging your GUI skill. The base delegates provide you with a basic presentation layer for your skill with some property assignments that can help you setup background images, background dim, timeout and grace time properties to give you the control you need for rendereing an experience. In your GUI Skill you can use:

Mycroft.Delegate: Needs Description

Simple display Image and Text Example using Mycroft.Delegate

import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    skillBackgroundSource: sessionData.exampleImage
    ColumnLayout {
        anchors.fill: parent
        Image {
            id: imageId
            Layout.fillWidth: true
            Layout.preferredHeight: Kirigami.Units.gridUnit * 2
            source: "https://source.unsplash.com/1920x1080/?+autumn"
         }
         Label {
            id: labelId
            Layout.fillWidth: true
            Layout.preferredHeight: Kirigami.Units.gridUnit * 4
            text: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua."            
        }
    }
}

Mycroft.ScrollableDelegate: Needs Description

Example of using Mycroft.ScrollableDelegate

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.ScrollableDelegate{
    id: root
    skillBackgroundSource: sessionData.background
    property var sampleModel: sessionData.sampleBlob

    Kirigami.CardsListView {
        id: exampleListView
        Layout.fillWidth: true
        Layout.fillHeight: true
        model: sampleModel.lorem
        delegate: Kirigami.AbstractCard {
            id: rootCard
            implicitHeight: delegateItem.implicitHeight + Kirigami.Units.largeSpacing
            contentItem: Item {
                implicitWidth: parent.implicitWidth
                implicitHeight: parent.implicitHeight
                ColumnLayout {
                    id: delegateItem
                    anchors.left: parent.left
                    anchors.right: parent.right
                    anchors.top: parent.top
                    spacing: Kirigami.Units.largeSpacing
                    Kirigami.Heading {
                        id: restaurantNameLabel
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        text: modelData.text
                        level: 2
                        wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
                    }
                    Kirigami.Separator {
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                    }
                    Image {
                        id: placeImage
                        source: modelData.image
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        Layout.preferredHeight: Kirigami.Units.gridUnit * 3
                        fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectCrop
                    }
                    Item {
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        Layout.preferredHeight: Kirigami.Units.gridUnit * 1
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Using Mycroft Framework Components

Simple template based text and image skill displays

Designing a simple skill and only want to display text or images ? Mycroft GUI framwork and Mycroft enclosure API provides ready to use QML based template wrappers that can minimalisticly display simple skills data such as text and images. In the example below we will showcase how to create a simple voice skill that displays simple text on your mycroft enabled device with a display.

Text Example:

...
def handle_hello_world(self, message):
... 
self.gui.show_text("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmo tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.")
...

Image Example

...
def handle_hello_world(self, message):
...
self.gui.show_image("https://source.unsplash.com/1920x1080/?+autumn")
...

HTML Url Example

...
def handle_hello_world(self, message):
...
self.gui.show_url("https://mycroft.ai")
...

HTML Raw Example

...
def handle_hello_world(self, message):
...
rawhtmlexample = """<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Untitled Document</title>
<body>
<h1> HTML Example </h1>
<p> This is an example of an HTML webpage. </p>
<p> <b>Tags</b> can be wrapped <i>inside other tags!</i> </p>

<p>
    HTML doesn't care about extra spaces, tabs or newlines,
    so we can use indentation and spacing to keep everything
    lined up nicely.
</p>

<ul>
    <li> This is how you create a bulleted list! </li>
    <li> Item 2 </li>
    <li> Item 3 </li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
""" 
self.gui.show_html(rawhtmlexample)
...

Advanced skill displays using QML

Display Lottie Animations:

You can use the LottieAnimation item just like any other QtQuick element, such as an Image and place it in your scene any way you please.

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft
import org.kde.lottie 1.0

Mycroft.Delegate {
    LottieAnimation {     
        id: fancyAnimation 
        anchors.fill: parent
        source: Qt.resolvedUrl("animations/fancy_animation.json")
        loops: Animation.Infinite
        fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectFit    
        running: true
    }    
}

Display Sliding Images

Contains an image that will slowly scroll in order to be shown completely

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
     background: Mycroft.SlidingImage {
     source: "foo.jpg" 
     running: bool    //If true the sliding animation is active
     speed: 1         //Animation speed in Kirigami.Units.gridUnit / second
   }
}

Display Paginated Text

Takes a long text and breaks it down into pages that can be horizontally swiped

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
     Mycroft.PaginatedText {
         text: string      //The text that should be displayed
         currentIndex: 0   //The currently visible page number (starting from 0)
     }
}

Display A Vertical ListView With Information Cards

Kirigami CardsListView is a ListView which can have AbstractCard as its delegate: it will automatically assign the proper spacings and margins around the cards adhering to the design guidelines.

Python Skill Example

...
def handle_food_places(self, message):
...
self.gui["foodPlacesBlob"] = results.json
self.gui.show_page("foodplaces.qml")
...

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate{
    id: root
    property var foodPlacesModel: sessionData.foodPlacesBlob

    Kirigami.CardsListView {
        id: restaurantsListView
        Layout.fillWidth: true
        Layout.fillHeight: true
        model: foodPlacesModel
        delegate: Kirigami.AbstractCard {
            id: rootCard
            implicitHeight: delegateItem.implicitHeight + Kirigami.Units.largeSpacing
            contentItem: Item {
                implicitWidth: parent.implicitWidth
                implicitHeight: parent.implicitHeight
                ColumnLayout {
                    id: delegateItem
                    anchors.left: parent.left
                    anchors.right: parent.right
                    anchors.top: parent.top
                    spacing: Kirigami.Units.smallSpacing
                    Kirigami.Heading {
                        id: restaurantNameLabel
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        text: modelData.name
                        level: 3
                        wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
                    }
                    Kirigami.Separator {
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                    }
                    RowLayout {
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        Layout.preferredHeight: form.implicitHeight
                        Image {
                            id: placeImage
                            source: modelData.image
                            Layout.fillHeight: true
                            Layout.preferredWidth: placeImage.implicitHeight + Kirigami.Units.gridUnit * 2
                            fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectFit
                        }
                        Kirigami.Separator {
                            Layout.fillHeight: true
                        }
                        Kirigami.FormLayout {
                            id: form
                            Layout.fillWidth: true
                            Layout.minimumWidth: aCard.implicitWidth
                            Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignLeft | Qt.AlignBottom
                            Label {
                                Kirigami.FormData.label: "Description:"
                                Layout.fillWidth: true
                                wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
                                elide: Text.ElideRight
                                text: modelData.restaurantDescription
                            }
                            Label {
                                Kirigami.FormData.label: "Phone:"
                                Layout.fillWidth: true
                                wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
                                elide: Text.ElideRight
                                text: modelData.phone
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Using Proportional Delegate For Simple Display Skills & Auto Layout

ProportionalDelegate is a delegate which has proportional paddings and a columnlayout as mainItem. The delegate supports a proportionalGridUnit which is based upon its size and the contents are supposed to be scaled proportionally to the delegate size either directly or using the proportionalGridUnit.

AutoFitLabel is a label that will always scale its text size according to the item size rather than the other way around

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.ProportionalDelegate {
    id: root

    Mycroft.AutoFitLabel {
        id: monthLabel
        font.weight: Font.Bold
        Layout.fillWidth: true
        Layout.preferredHeight: proportionalGridUnit * 40
        text: sessionData.month
    }

    Mycroft.AutoFitLabel {
        id: dayLabel
        font.weight: Font.Bold
        Layout.fillWidth: true
        Layout.preferredHeight: proportionalGridUnit * 40
        text: sessionData.day
    }
}

Using Slideshow Component To Show Cards Slideshow

Slideshow component lets you insert a slideshow yith your custom delegate in any skill display which can be tuned to autoplay and loop and also scrolled or flicked manually by the user.

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    id: root

    Mycroft.SlideShow {
        id: simpleSlideShow 
        model: sessionData.exampleModel // model with slideshow data
        anchors.fill: parent
        interval: 5000 // time to switch between slides 
        running: true // can be set to false if one wants to swipe manually
        loop: true // can be set to play through continously or just once
        delegate: Kirigami.AbstractCard { 
            width: rootItem.width
            height: rootItem.height
            contentItem: ColumnLayout {
                anchors.fill: parent
                Kirigami.Heading {
                    Layout.fillWidth: true
                    wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
                    level: 3
                    text: modelData.Title
                }
                Kirigami.Separator {
                        Layout.fillWidth: true
                        Layout.preferredHeight: 1
                }
                Image {
                    Layout.fillWidth: true
                    Layout.preferredHeight: rootItem.height / 4
                    source: modelData.Image
                    fillMode: Image.PreserveAspectCrop
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Using AudioPlayer Component To Play Audio Files / Audio Streaming

AudioPlayer component is a custom wrapper around Qt Multimedia MediaPlayer, that gives the Skill Authors a basic responsive design audio player they can plug into their skills.

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    id: root
    skillBackgroundSource: sessionData.audioThumbnail

    Mycroft.AudioPlayer {
        id: examplePlayer
        anchors.fill: parent
        source: sessionData.audioSource        //Set URL of audio file
        thumbnail: sessionData.audioThumbnail  //Set Thumbnail of audio
        title: sessionData.audioTitle          //Set Title of audio 
        nextAction: "author.example-player.next" //Event to drive next button action in skill
        previousAction: "author.example-player.previous" //Event to drive previous button action in skill
        status: sessionData.status             //Current status of playing audio
    }
}

Event Handling

Mycroft GUI API provides an Event Handling Protocol between the skill and QML display which allow Skill Authors to forward events in either direction to an event consumer. Skill Authors have the ability to create any amount of custom events. Event names that start with "system." are available to all skills, like previous/next/pick.

Simple Event Trigger Example From QML Display To Skill

Python Skill Example

    def initialize(self):
    # Initialize...
        self.gui.register_handler('skill.foo.event', self.handle_foo_event)
...
    def handle_foo_event(self, message):
        self.speak(message.data["string"])
...
...

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    id: root

    Button {
        anchors.fill: parent
        text: "Click Me"
        onClicked: {
            triggerGuiEvent("skill.foo.event", {"string": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet"})
        }
    }
}

Simple Event Trigger Example From Skill To QML Display

Python Skill Example

...
    def handle_foo_intent(self, message):
        self.gui['foobar'] = message.data.get("utterance")
        self.gui['color'] = "blue"
        self.gui.show_page("foo.qml")
...
...

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    id: root
    property var fooString: sessionData.foobar

    onFooStringChanged: {
        fooRect.color = sessionData.color 
    }

    Rectangle {
        id: fooRect
        anchors.fill: parent
        color: "#fff"
    }
}

Resting Faces

The resting face API provides skill authors the ability to extend their skills to supply their own customized IDLE screens that will be displayed when there is no activity on the screen.

Simple Idle Screen Example

Python Skill Example

from mycroft.skills.core import resting_screen_handler
...
@resting_screen_handler('NameOfIdleScreen')
def handle_idle(self, message):
    self.gui.clear()
    self.log.info('Activating foo/bar resting page')
    self.gui["exampleText"] = "This Is A Idle Screen"
    self.gui.show_page('idle.qml')

QML Example

import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.4
import org.kde.kirigami 2.4 as Kirigami
import Mycroft 1.0 as Mycroft

Mycroft.Delegate {
    id: root
    property var fooString: sessionData.exampleText
 
    Kirigami.Heading {
        id: headerExample
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: fooString 
    }
}

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README.md

INTRODUCTION TO MYCROFT-GUI

GETTING STARTED

Visual Skill Development API Foundation

Visual Skill Development Human Interface Guidelines

VISUAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT API FOUNDATION

In-depth QML based audio and visual interaction skills

Before Getting Started Resources

Building your skill to support display

Recipes Skill Example

Importing Modules

QTQuick Module:

QTQuick.Controls Module:

QtQuick.Layouts Module:

Kirigami Module:

Mycroft Module:

QML Lottie Module:

Using Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates

Using Mycroft Framework Components

Simple template based text and image skill displays

Advanced skill displays using QML

Using AudioPlayer Component To Play Audio Files / Audio Streaming

Event Handling

Resting Faces

Files

documentation

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Directory actions

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documentation

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parent directory

README.md

INTRODUCTION TO MYCROFT-GUI

GETTING STARTED

Visual Skill Development API Foundation

Visual Skill Development Human Interface Guidelines

VISUAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT API FOUNDATION

In-depth QML based audio and visual interaction skills

Before Getting Started Resources

Building your skill to support display

Recipes Skill Example

Importing Modules

QTQuick Module:

QTQuick.Controls Module:

QtQuick.Layouts Module:

Kirigami Module:

Mycroft Module:

QML Lottie Module:

Using Mycroft-GUI Framework Base Delegates

Using Mycroft Framework Components

Simple template based text and image skill displays

Advanced skill displays using QML

Using AudioPlayer Component To Play Audio Files / Audio Streaming

Event Handling

Resting Faces