02 串起你的數據和迴圈.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 02 串起你的數據和迴圈"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1. 變數\n",
    "\n",
    "Python 的變數不需要經過宣告, 直接可以使用。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a + 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "而且 Python 3 可以很耍寶的用這種變數名稱。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "底 = 3\n",
    "高 = 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "面積 = (底 * 高) / 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "7.5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "面積"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2. 第一個重要資料結構是串列 list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "L = [3, 7, -5, 9]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "G = [1, 2, 8, 8]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "來看看串列可不可以做四則運算。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 7, -5, 9, 1, 2, 8, 8]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "L + G"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "耶, 可以相加, 不過..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'list' and 'list'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-9-c1310e42fbde>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mL\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m \u001b[0mG\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'list' and 'list'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "L - G"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "「純量乘法」"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 7, -5, 9, 3, 7, -5, 9, 3, 7, -5, 9, 3, 7, -5, 9, 3, 7, -5, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "L * 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 3. Hello World\n",
    "\n",
    "自從 C 語言聖經 K&R 出現 Hello World 程式, 大家都覺得教程式第一個例子就是要教 Hello World。我們拖到現在是因為 Python 真的真的太簡單..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello, world\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"hello, world\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "讓 Python 親切的 (?) 和我們打招呼。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hi, yenlung!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "name = \"yenlung\"\n",
    "print(\"Hi, \" + name + \"!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Python 還有很炫的「三引號」字串! 可以在字串中直接換行。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "message = '''隨便啦\n",
    "今天天氣很好\n",
    "\n",
    "就這樣\n",
    "'''"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "內容看來這樣, 有點可怕 (大概就愛 C 的人覺得親切)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'隨便啦\\n今天天氣很好\\n\\n就這樣\\n'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "message"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "還是印出來好了..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "隨便啦\n",
      "今天天氣很好\n",
      "\n",
      "就這樣\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(message)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "注意一點你可以發現, 字串和 list 很像..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "face = \"(*´∀`)~♥\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'(*´∀`)~♥'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "face"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'(*´∀`)~♥(*´∀`)~♥(*´∀`)~♥(*´∀`)~♥(*´∀`)~♥'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "face*5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 4. 第一天就學會對話機器人 (假的)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "請問你名字叫什麼? 炎龍\n",
      "炎龍, 你好!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "name = input(\"請問你名字叫什麼? \")\n",
    "print(name + \", 你好!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      ">> 今天很難過。\n",
      "拍拍\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "message = input(\">> \")\n",
    "print(\"拍拍\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 5. 條件判斷"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "2 < 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 7\n",
    "a != 8"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a == 8"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "甚至這樣也可以。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Z\" > \"B\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 6. 拍拍機器人 1.0\n",
    "\n",
    "一直和你對話, 直到你說再見..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      ">> 今天很難過。\n",
      "拍拍\n",
      ">> 程式都不會寫。\n",
      "拍拍\n",
      ">> 旁邊同學也不願意教我。\n",
      "拍拍\n",
      ">> vye\n",
      "拍拍\n",
      ">> bye\n",
      "拍拍\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "message = \"\"\n",
    "while message != \"bye\":\n",
    "    message = input(\">> \")\n",
    "    print(\"拍拍\")"
   ]
  }
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