chore: switch to ruff format over black

[willmurphyscode]

We've had both black and ruff making changes to the code on lint/pre-commit for a long time.

Ruff now claim that their formatter is a drop-in replacement for black.

This PR switches make format from using black to using ruff format.

The rest of the diff is the result of running make format on the code after the switch, which look like only line length changes.

When we had black and ruff, both had a line-length setting, and black was set to 130 but to ignore some files, and ruff was set to 150 but to ignore no files. In ruff format, there's no way to set the line length to be different for linting and formatting, so some lines are changing from 130 to 150. So there used to be some files with a 130 line length limit and some files with a 150 line length limit. Now all files are at 150.

We could also standardize on 130. I'll defer to whatever the team wants here.

Also, black used to allow (require?) a blank line between class Foo: and __some_var__ = whatever. ruff format by default takes this line out. I haven't figured out a way to tell ruff format to allow this, so these blank lines are going away.

The total speed up benefit of this is not as much as I'd hoped - make static-analysis is pretty variable in how long it takes, but it seems between 200 and 500 millis faster on this branch, out of a total of about 4000 millis, so about maybe 10% faster). Still, this gets run a lot, so a small speed-up is welcome.

I think the real benefit is having only one tool that care about line length. Having a list of strings as exclude paths instead of a multi line regex is nice too.