basics variables and operators

basics/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+# Go (Golang) Basics
+
+## Table of Contents
+1. [Introduction](#introduction)
+2. [Installation](#installation)
+   - [Windows](#windows)
+   - [macOS](#macos)
+   - [Linux](#linux)
+3. [Setting Up Your Environment](#setting-up-your-environment)
+4. [Basic Concepts](#basic-concepts)
+   - [Hello World](#hello-world)
+   - [Variables](#variables)
+   - [Functions](#functions)
+   - [Control Structures](#control-structures)
+   - [Data Structures](#data-structures)
+5. [Running Your Go Code](#running-your-go-code)
+6. [Further Reading](#further-reading)
+
+---
+
+## Introduction
+
+Go, often referred to as Golang, is an open-source programming language developed by Google. It is designed to be simple, efficient, and reliable, with strong support for concurrent programming.
+
+## Installation
+
+### Windows
+
+1. **Download Go Installer**
+   - Go to the [Go downloads page](https://golang.org/dl/).
+   - Download the Windows installer (`.msi` file) for your system architecture (e.g., `go1.20.4.windows-amd64.msi`).
+
+2. **Run the Installer**
+   - Double-click the downloaded `.msi` file and follow the installation prompts.
+   - The default installation path is `C:\Go`.
+
+3. **Verify Installation**
+   - Open Command Prompt and type `go version`. You should see the Go version information.
+
+### macOS
+
+1. **Install Using Homebrew**
+   - Open Terminal and run the following command to install Homebrew if you haven’t already:
+     ```sh
+     /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
+     ```
+   - Install Go with Homebrew:
+     ```sh
+     brew install go
+     ```
+
+2. **Verify Installation**
+   - In Terminal, type `go version` to check if Go was installed correctly.
+
+3. **Alternative Installation**
+   - Download the macOS binary (`.pkg` file) from the [Go downloads page](https://golang.org/dl/).
+   - Open the downloaded `.pkg` file and follow the installation instructions.
+
+### Linux
+
+1. **Download and Extract**
+   - Open Terminal and download the latest Go tarball from the [Go downloads page](https://golang.org/dl/):
+     ```sh
+     wget https://golang.org/dl/go1.20.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+     ```
+   - Extract the tarball:
+     ```sh
+     sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.20.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+     ```
+
+2. **Set Up Environment Variables**
+   - Add Go binary to your PATH. Open or create `~/.profile` or `~/.bashrc` and add:
+     ```sh
+     export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
+     ```
+   - Reload the profile:
+     ```sh
+     source ~/.profile
+     ```
+
+3. **Verify Installation**
+   - Type `go version` in Terminal to verify the installation.
+
+## Setting Up Your Environment
+
+1. **Create a Workspace**
+   - Create a directory for your Go projects:
+     ```sh
+     mkdir -p ~/go/src
+     ```
+   - Set the `GOPATH` environment variable to this directory. Add the following to `~/.profile` or `~/.bashrc`:
+     ```sh
+     export GOPATH=$HOME/go
+     export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin
+     ```
+   - Reload the profile:
+     ```sh
+     source ~/.profile
+     ```
+
+2. **Create a Go Module**
+   - Initialize a new Go module in your project directory:
+     ```sh
+     mkdir myproject
+     cd myproject
+     go mod init myproject
+     ```
+
+## Basic Concepts
+
+### Hello World
+
+1. **Create a New File**
+   - Create a file named `main.go` in your project directory with the following content:
+     ```go
+     package main
+
+     import "fmt"
+
+     func main() {
+         fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
+     }
+     ```
+
+2. **Run the Program**
+   - Execute the program by running:
+     ```sh
+     go run main.go
+     ```
+
+### Variables
+
+1. **Declaring Variables**
+   - Variables can be declared using the `var` keyword or using shorthand syntax:
+     ```go
+     var name string = "John"
+     age := 30
+     ```
+
+2. **Constant Declaration**
+   - Constants are declared using the `const` keyword:
+     ```go
+     const Pi = 3.14
+     ```
+
+### Functions
+
+1. **Defining a Function**
+   - Functions are defined with the `func` keyword:
+     ```go
+     func greet(name string) string {
+         return "Hello, " + name
+     }
+     ```
+
+2. **Calling a Function**
+   - Call the function in `main`:
+     ```go
+     func main() {
+         message := greet("Alice")
+         fmt.Println(message)
+     }
+     ```
+
+### Control Structures
+
+1. **If Statements**
+   - Example of an `if` statement:
+     ```go
+     if age > 18 {
+         fmt.Println("Adult")
+     } else {
+         fmt.Println("Minor")
+     }
+     ```
+
+2. **For Loops**
+   - Example of a `for` loop:
+     ```go
+     for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+         fmt.Println(i)
+     }
+     ```
+
+### Data Structures
+
+1. **Arrays**
+   - Example of an array:
+     ```go
+     var numbers [5]int
+     numbers[0] = 1
+     ```
+
+2. **Slices**
+   - Slices are more flexible than arrays:
+     ```go
+     fruits := []string{"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
+     ```
+
+3. **Maps**
+   - Example of a map:
+     ```go
+     ages := make(map[string]int)
+     ages["Alice"] = 30
+     ```
+
+4. **Structs**
+   - Example of a struct:
+     ```go
+     type Person struct {
+         Name string
+         Age  int
+     }
+
+     func main() {
+         p := Person{Name: "John", Age: 25}
+         fmt.Println(p)
+     }
+     ```
+
+## Running Your Go Code
+
+1. **Run a Go File**
+   - Use the `go run` command followed by the filename:
+     ```sh
+     go run main.go
+     ```
+
+2. **Build an Executable**
+   - Build the Go file into an executable:
+     ```sh
+     go build main.go
+     ```
+   - Run the generated executable:
+     ```sh
+     ./main
+     ```
+
+## Further Reading
+
+- [The Go Programming Language Documentation](https://golang.org/doc/)
+- [Effective Go](https://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html)
+- [A Tour of Go](https://tour.golang.org/welcome/1)
+- [Go by Example](https://gobyexample.com/)
+
+---
+

basics/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module hello
+
+go 1.18

basics/hello.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
+
+	j := 15
+	fmt.Println(j)
+}

basics/operators/arithmetic.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	p:= 64
+	q:= 32
+
+	result:= p+q
+	fmt.Println("Sum of p and q: ", result)
+	result= p-q
+	fmt.Println("Difference of p and q: ", result)
+	result= p*q
+	fmt.Println("Product of p and q: ", result)
+	result= p/q
+	fmt.Println("Quotient of p and q: ", result)
+	result= p%q
+	fmt.Println("Remainder of p and q: ", result)
+	// result= p<<q
+	// fmt.Println("Left shift of p by q: ", result)
+	// result= p>>q
+	// fmt.Println("Right shift of p by q: ", result)
+	// result= ^p
+	// fmt.Println("Bitwise NOT of p: ", result)
+	// result= p&q
+	// fmt.Println("Bitwise AND of p and q: ", result)
+}

basics/operators/assigment.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	//assignment operators 
+
+    var a, b int = 10, 5
+    var c, d string = "Tech with Bansikah", "Tech with Bansikah"
+
+    a += b
+    fmt.Println("a += b: ", a)
+
+    a -= b
+    fmt.Println("a -= b: ", a)
+
+    a *= b
+    fmt.Println("a *= b: ", a)
+
+    a /= b
+    fmt.Println("a /= b: ", a)
+
+    a %= b
+    fmt.Println("a %= b: ", a)
+
+    c += d
+    fmt.Println("c += d: ", c)
+}

basics/operators/bitwise.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package main
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	//bitwise operators
+	var a, b int = 10, 5
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise AND:", a & b)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise OR:", a | b)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise XOR:", a ^ b)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise NOT:", ^a)
+    fmt.Println("Left shift:", a << 2)
+    fmt.Println("Right shift:", a >> 2)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise AND with 1111111111111111:", a & 0xFFFF)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise OR with 0000000000000001:", a | 1)
+    fmt.Println("Bitwise XOR with 0000000000000001:", a ^ 1)
+	// bitwise operators end here
+}

basics/operators/comparison.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	//comparison operators
+	var a, b int = 10, 5
+    var c, d string = "Tech with Bansikah", "Tech with Bansikah"
+
+    result := a == b
+    result1 := a != b
+    result2 := a < b
+    result3 := a <= b
+    result4 := a > b
+    result5 := a >= b
+    result6 := c == d
+    result7 := c != d
+
+    fmt.Println(result)
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+    fmt.Println(result3)
+    fmt.Println(result4)
+    fmt.Println(result5)
+    fmt.Println(result6)
+    fmt.Println(result7)
+}

basics/operators/logical.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	//logical operators
+	var a, b bool = true, false
+    fmt.Println("Logical AND:", a && b)
+    fmt.Println("Logical OR:", a || b)
+    fmt.Println("Logical NOT:", !a)
+    fmt.Println("Logical XOR:", a != b)
+}