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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| @@ -0,0 +1,332 @@ | ||
| --- | ||
| layout: post | ||
| title: Coding Challenge 16 | ||
| subtitle: .NET Bootcamp Research Notes | ||
| tags: [C#, .NET, C# Attributes and Reflection, Attributes, Reflection] | ||
| comments: false | ||
| --- | ||
|
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| <p style='text-align: justify;'> | ||
| In this tutorial, we are going to learn C# Attributes, C# Reflection, C# Type,<br> | ||
| </p> | ||
|
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| #### C# Attributes and Reflection | ||
|
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| <p style='text-align: justify;'> | ||
| An attribute is an abstract class that can be used to get more information about classes, methods, parameters, etc. at runtime using Reflection. I do not want to bother you with definitions. Let's start by analyzing a simple class. Then we will discover information about System.Attribute, System.Type, System.String using reflection. You can find all the information in the output generated when I run the code.</p> | ||
|
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| ##### Calculator.cs | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
|
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| public class Calculator | ||
| { | ||
| public int MyProperty { get; set; } | ||
| public Calculator() | ||
| { | ||
| Console.WriteLine("I'm a calculator"); | ||
| } | ||
|
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| public int Square(int number) => number*number; | ||
| public int Cube(int number) => number * number * number; | ||
| public void Print() => Console.WriteLine("What are you doing?"); | ||
|
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| } | ||
|
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| ``` | ||
| ##### Program.cs | ||
| ```c# | ||
|
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| class Program | ||
| { | ||
| static void Main(string[] args) | ||
| { | ||
| Console.WriteLine("Let's analyse Calculator class\n"); | ||
| Type calculator = typeof(Calculator); | ||
|
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| string MethodInfoResult = ""; | ||
| foreach (MethodInfo item in calculator.GetRuntimeMethods()) | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"Name: {item.Name}"; | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"\nIsPublic: {item.IsPublic}\n----- parameters-----"; | ||
| if (item.GetParameters().Length>0&& item.ReturnParameter!=null) | ||
| { | ||
| foreach (var param in item.GetParameters()) | ||
| { | ||
|
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| MethodInfoResult += $"\nParameter: {param}\tParameterType: {param.ParameterType}"; | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"\nReturnType: {item.ReturnType}\tReturnValue:{item.ReturnParameter}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
| } | ||
| else | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += "\nParameters not found"; | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"\nThis is a public method: {item.IsPublic}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
|
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| MethodInfoResult += "\n----------------------------------------\n"; | ||
| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"\n--------Fields-----"; | ||
|
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| foreach (var fields in calculator.GetFields()) | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"\nPropertyName: {fields.Name}\tPropertyType: {fields.FieldType}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
|
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| Console.WriteLine(MethodInfoResult); | ||
|
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| } | ||
| } | ||
|
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| ``` | ||
|
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| Output: | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
| This is a public method: True | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: set_ThisIsAProperty | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameter: Int32 value ParameterType: System.Int32 | ||
| ReturnType: System.Void ReturnValue:Void | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: Square | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameter: Int32 number ParameterType: System.Int32 | ||
| ReturnType: System.Int32 ReturnValue:Int32 | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: Cube | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameter: Int32 number ParameterType: System.Int32 | ||
| ReturnType: System.Int32 ReturnValue:Int32 | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: Print | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: True | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: GetType | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: True | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: MemberwiseClone | ||
| IsPublic: False | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: False | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: Finalize | ||
| IsPublic: False | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: False | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: ToString | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: True | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: Equals | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameter: System.Object obj ParameterType: System.Object | ||
| ReturnType: System.Boolean ReturnValue:Boolean | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name: GetHashCode | ||
| IsPublic: True | ||
| ----- parameters----- | ||
| Parameters not found | ||
| This is a public method: True | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
|
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| --------Fields----- | ||
| PropertyName: ThisIsAField PropertyType: System.String | ||
| .... | ||
| ``` | ||
|
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|
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|
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| ##### System.Attribute | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
| class Program | ||
| { | ||
| static void Main(string[] args) | ||
| { | ||
| Console.WriteLine("Let's analyse Attribute abstract class under System.Reflection class\n"); | ||
| Type obj = typeof(Attribute); | ||
|
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| string MethodInfoResult = ""; | ||
| foreach (MethodInfo item in obj.GetRuntimeMethods()) | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"Name:{item.Name}\tNumberofParameters: {item.GetParameters().Length}\tReturnType: {item.ReturnType}\n" + | ||
| $"DeclaringType: {item.DeclaringType}\tIsPrivate: {item.IsPrivate}\tIsPublic: {item.IsPublic}\n" + | ||
| $"Type: {item.GetType().GetTypeInfo()}"; | ||
| if (item.GetParameters().Length > 0) | ||
| { | ||
| string itemParams = ""; | ||
| foreach (var param in item.GetParameters()) | ||
| { | ||
| itemParams += $"\nParam: {param}\tParamType: {param.ParameterType}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += itemParams; | ||
| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += "\n----------------------------------------\n"; | ||
| } | ||
| Console.WriteLine(MethodInfoResult); | ||
|
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| } | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
| Output: | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
| Let's analyse Attribute abstract class under System.Reflection class | ||
|
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| Name:InternalGetCustomAttributes NumberofParameters: 3 ReturnType: System.Attribute[] | ||
| DeclaringType: System.Attribute IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo element ParamType: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo | ||
| Param: System.Type type ParamType: System.Type | ||
| Param: Boolean inherit ParamType: System.Boolean | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:InternalIsDefined NumberofParameters: 3 ReturnType: System.Boolean | ||
| DeclaringType: System.Attribute IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo element ParamType: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo | ||
| Param: System.Type attributeType ParamType: System.Type | ||
| Param: Boolean inherit ParamType: System.Boolean | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:GetParentDefinition NumberofParameters: 2 ReturnType: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo | ||
| DeclaringType: System.Attribute IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo property ParamType: System.Reflection.PropertyInfo | ||
| Param: System.Type[] propertyParameters ParamType: System.Type[] | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:InternalGetCustomAttributes NumberofParameters: 3 ReturnType: System.Attribute[] | ||
| DeclaringType: System.Attribute IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.Reflection.EventInfo element ParamType: System.Reflection.EventInfo | ||
| Param: System.Type type ParamType: System.Type | ||
| Param: Boolean inherit ParamType: System.Boolean | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:GetParentDefinition NumberofParameters: 1 ReturnType: System.Reflection.EventInfo | ||
| DeclaringType: System.Attribute IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.Reflection.EventInfo ev ParamType: System.Reflection.EventInfo | ||
| .... | ||
| ``` | ||
|
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| ---------------------------type----------------------- | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
| class Program | ||
| { | ||
| static void Main(string[] args) | ||
| { | ||
| Console.WriteLine("Let's analyse System.Type derived from IReflect and MemberInfo class\n"); | ||
| Type obj = typeof(Type); | ||
|
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| string MethodInfoResult = ""; | ||
| foreach (MethodInfo item in obj.GetRuntimeMethods()) | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"Name:{item.Name}\tNumberofParameters: {item.GetParameters().Length}\tReturnType: {item.ReturnType}\n" + | ||
| $"DeclaringType: {item.DeclaringType}\tIsPrivate: {item.IsPrivate}\tIsPublic: {item.IsPublic}\n" + | ||
| $"Type: {item.GetType().GetTypeInfo()}"; | ||
| if (item.GetParameters().Length > 0) | ||
| { | ||
| string itemParams = ""; | ||
| foreach (var param in item.GetParameters()) | ||
| { | ||
| itemParams += $"\nParam: {param}\tParamType: {param.ParameterType}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += itemParams; | ||
| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += "\n----------------------------------------\n"; | ||
| } | ||
| Console.WriteLine(MethodInfoResult); | ||
|
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| } | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
|
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| <p style='text-align: justify;'> | ||
| If you read this post, probably you are familiar with System.String. Now, let's discover it again using reflection. </p> | ||
|
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| ##### Program.cs | ||
| ```c# | ||
| class Program | ||
| { | ||
| static void Main(string[] args) | ||
| { | ||
|
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| Console.WriteLine("Let's analyse System.String class\n"); | ||
| Type obj = typeof(String); | ||
| string MethodInfoResult = ""; | ||
| foreach (MethodInfo item in obj.GetRuntimeMethods()) | ||
| { | ||
| MethodInfoResult += $"Name:{item.Name}\tNumberofParameters: {item.GetParameters().Length}\tReturnType: {item.ReturnType}\n" + | ||
| $"DeclaringType: {item.DeclaringType}\tIsPrivate: {item.IsPrivate}\tIsPublic: {item.IsPublic}\n" + | ||
| $"Type: {item.GetType().GetTypeInfo()}"; | ||
| if (item.GetParameters().Length > 0) | ||
| { | ||
| string itemParams = ""; | ||
| foreach (var param in item.GetParameters()) | ||
| { | ||
| itemParams += $"\nParam: {param}\tParamType: {param.ParameterType}"; | ||
|
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| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += itemParams; | ||
| } | ||
| MethodInfoResult += "\n----------------------------------------\n"; | ||
| } | ||
| Console.WriteLine(MethodInfoResult); | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
| Output: | ||
|
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| ```c# | ||
| Let's analyse System.String class | ||
| Name:Replace NumberofParameters: 4 ReturnType: System.String | ||
| DeclaringType: System.String IsPrivate: False IsPublic: True | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.String oldValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: System.String newValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: Boolean ignoreCase ParamType: System.Boolean | ||
| Param: System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture ParamType: System.Globalization.CultureInfo | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:Replace NumberofParameters: 3 ReturnType: System.String | ||
| DeclaringType: System.String IsPrivate: False IsPublic: True | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.String oldValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: System.String newValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: System.StringComparison comparisonType ParamType: System.StringComparison | ||
| ---------------------------------------- | ||
| Name:ReplaceCore NumberofParameters: 4 ReturnType: System.String | ||
| DeclaringType: System.String IsPrivate: True IsPublic: False | ||
| Type: System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo | ||
| Param: System.String oldValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: System.String newValue ParamType: System.String | ||
| Param: System.Globalization.CompareInfo ci ParamType: System.Globalization.CompareInfo | ||
| Param: System.Globalization.CompareOptions options ParamType: System.Globalization.CompareOptions | ||
| .... | ||
| ``` | ||
|
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| [Reflection&Attributes](https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/ashish_2008/reflection-and-attributes-in-C-Sharp/) | ||
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| [Attributes](https://www.pluralsight.com/guides/using-attributes-in-c) |