hackrf_sweep: Added experimental Inverse FFT binary output mode.

In this mode, FFT output bins from multiple hops are stitched together into a
single set of bins per sweep.  Each sweep is then processed with an inverse FFT
to simulate a time domain signal at a sample rate equal to the sweep bandwidth.
This wideband time domain signal is sent to the output as complex floats and
can be piped to or viewed with tools such as fosphor or inspectrum.  The output
signal is discontinuous, so the time axis (e.g. in inspectrum) will be
incorrect.

host/hackrf-tools/src/hackrf_sweep.c

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void* ignored) {
 uint32_t num_samples = SAMPLES_PER_BLOCK;
 int num_ranges = 0;
 uint16_t frequencies[MAX_SWEEP_RANGES*2];
+int step_count;
 
 static float TimevalDiff(const struct timeval *a, const struct timeval *b) {
    return (a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec) + 1e-6f * (a->tv_usec - b->tv_usec);
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ bool antenna = false;
 uint32_t antenna_enable;
 
 bool binary_output = false;
+bool ifft_output = false;
 bool one_shot = false;
 volatile bool sweep_started = false;
 
@@ -183,6 +185,10 @@ double fft_bin_width;
 fftwf_complex *fftwIn = NULL;
 fftwf_complex *fftwOut = NULL;
 fftwf_plan fftwPlan = NULL;
+fftwf_complex *ifftwIn = NULL;
+fftwf_complex *ifftwOut = NULL;
+fftwf_plan ifftwPlan = NULL;
+uint32_t ifft_idx = 0;
 float* pwr;
 float* window;
 
@@ -200,7 +206,7 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 	uint64_t frequency; /* in Hz */
 	uint64_t band_edge;
 	uint32_t record_length;
-	int i, j;
+	int i, j, ifft_bins;
 	struct tm *fft_time;
 	char time_str[50];
 	struct timeval usb_transfer_time;
@@ -212,6 +218,7 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 	gettimeofday(&usb_transfer_time, NULL);
 	byte_count += transfer->valid_length;
 	buf = (int8_t*) transfer->buffer;
+	ifft_bins = fftSize * step_count;
 	for(j=0; j<BLOCKS_PER_TRANSFER; j++) {
 		ubuf = (uint8_t*) buf;
 		if(ubuf[0] == 0x7F && ubuf[1] == 0x7F) {
@@ -223,8 +230,17 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (frequency == (uint64_t)(FREQ_ONE_MHZ*frequencies[0])) {
-			if(one_shot && sweep_started) {
-				do_exit = true;
+			if(sweep_started) {
+				fftwf_execute(ifftwPlan);
+				for(i=0; i < ifft_bins; i++) {
+					ifftwOut[i][0] *= 1.0f / ifft_bins;
+					ifftwOut[i][1] *= 1.0f / ifft_bins;
+					fwrite(&ifftwOut[i][0], sizeof(float), 1, stdout);
+					fwrite(&ifftwOut[i][1], sizeof(float), 1, stdout);
+				}
+				if(one_shot) {
+					do_exit = true;
+				}
 			}
 			sweep_started = true;
 			time_stamp = usb_transfer_time;
@@ -258,6 +274,9 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 		for (i=0; i < fftSize; i++) {
 			pwr[i] = logPower(fftwOut[i], 1.0f / fftSize);
 		}
+		ifft_idx = round((frequency - (uint64_t)(FREQ_ONE_MHZ*frequencies[0]))
+				/ fft_bin_width);
+		ifft_idx = (ifft_idx + ifft_bins/2) % ifft_bins;
 		if(binary_output) {
 			record_length = 2 * sizeof(band_edge)
 					+ (fftSize/4) * sizeof(float);
@@ -275,6 +294,17 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 			band_edge = frequency + (DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE_HZ * 3) / 4;
 			fwrite(&band_edge, sizeof(band_edge), 1, stdout);
 			fwrite(&pwr[1+fftSize/8], sizeof(float), fftSize/4, stdout);
+		} else if(ifft_output) {
+			for(i = 0; (fftSize / 4) > i; i++) {
+				ifftwIn[ifft_idx + i][0] = fftwOut[i + 1 + (fftSize*5)/8][0];
+				ifftwIn[ifft_idx + i][1] = fftwOut[i + 1 + (fftSize*5)/8][1];
+			}
+			ifft_idx += fftSize / 2;
+			ifft_idx %= ifft_bins;
+			for(i = 0; (fftSize / 4) > i; i++) {
+				ifftwIn[ifft_idx + i][0] = fftwOut[i + 1 + (fftSize/8)][0];
+				ifftwIn[ifft_idx + i][1] = fftwOut[i + 1 + (fftSize/8)][1];
+			}
 		} else {
 			fft_time = localtime(&time_stamp.tv_sec);
 			strftime(time_str, 50, "%Y-%m-%d, %H:%M:%S", fft_time);
@@ -285,8 +315,8 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 					(uint64_t)(frequency+DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE_HZ/4),
 					fft_bin_width,
 					fftSize);
-			for(i=1+(fftSize*5)/8; (1+(fftSize*7)/8) > i; i++) {
-				fprintf(fd, ", %.2f", pwr[i]);
+			for(i = 0; (fftSize / 4) > i; i++) {
+				fprintf(fd, ", %.2f", pwr[i + 1 + (fftSize*5)/8]);
 			}
 			fprintf(fd, "\n");
 			fprintf(fd, "%s.%06ld, %" PRIu64 ", %" PRIu64 ", %.2f, %u",
@@ -296,8 +326,8 @@ int rx_callback(hackrf_transfer* transfer) {
 					(uint64_t)(frequency+((DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE_HZ*3)/4)),
 					fft_bin_width,
 					fftSize);
-			for(i=1+fftSize/8; (1+(fftSize*3)/8) > i; i++) {
-				fprintf(fd, ", %.2f", pwr[i]);
+			for(i = 0; (fftSize / 4) > i; i++) {
+				fprintf(fd, ", %.2f", pwr[i + 1 + (fftSize/8)]);
 			}
 			fprintf(fd, "\n");
 		}
@@ -318,6 +348,7 @@ static void usage() {
 	fprintf(stderr, "\t[-w bin_width] # FFT bin width (frequency resolution) in Hz\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "\t[-1] # one shot mode\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "\t[-B] # binary output\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t[-I] # binary inverse FFT output\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r filename # output file");
 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "Output fields:\n");
@@ -351,13 +382,12 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 	struct timeval t_end;
 	float time_diff;
 	unsigned int lna_gain=16, vga_gain=20;
-	int step_count;
 	uint32_t freq_min = 0;
 	uint32_t freq_max = 6000;
 	uint32_t requested_fft_bin_width;
 
 
-	while( (opt = getopt(argc, argv, "a:f:p:l:g:d:n:w:1Br:h?")) != EOF ) {
+	while( (opt = getopt(argc, argv, "a:f:p:l:g:d:n:w:1BIr:h?")) != EOF ) {
 		result = HACKRF_SUCCESS;
 		switch( opt ) 
 		{
@@ -427,6 +457,10 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 			binary_output = true;
 			break;
 
+		case 'I':
+			ifft_output = true;
+			break;
+
 		case 'r':
 			path = optarg;
 			break;
@@ -487,6 +521,16 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 		num_ranges++;
 	}
 
+	if(binary_output && ifft_output) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "argument error: binary output (-B) and IFFT output (-I) are mutually exclusive.\n");
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	if(ifft_output && (1 < num_ranges)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "argument error: only one frequency range is supported in IFFT output (-I) mode.\n");
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
 	if(4 > fftSize) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 				"argument error: FFT bin width (-w) must be no more than one quarter the sample rate\n");
@@ -595,6 +639,10 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 				frequencies[2*i], frequencies[2*i+1]);
 	}
 
+	ifftwIn = (fftwf_complex*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(fftwf_complex) * fftSize * step_count);
+	ifftwOut = (fftwf_complex*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(fftwf_complex) * fftSize * step_count);
+	ifftwPlan = fftwf_plan_dft_1d(fftSize * step_count, ifftwIn, ifftwOut, FFTW_BACKWARD, FFTW_MEASURE);
+
 	result |= hackrf_start_rx(device, rx_callback, NULL);
 	if (result != HACKRF_SUCCESS) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "hackrf_start_rx() failed: %s (%d)\n", hackrf_error_name(result), result);
@@ -703,6 +751,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 	fftwf_free(fftwOut);
 	fftwf_free(pwr);
 	fftwf_free(window);
+	fftwf_free(ifftwIn);
+	fftwf_free(ifftwOut);
 	fprintf(stderr, "exit\n");
 	return exit_code;
 }