✨ Add Support for QuPath Annotation Imports (TissueImageAnalytics#721)

Adds support to importing objects from QuPath (and other applications) easier. 

If you export some objects in .geojson from some versions of QuPath, and they have measurements, all the measurements are in a 'measurements' property in the geojson. This means, when these are imported into annotation store, it will import fine but the properties dict will look something like:

`properties = {a couple other props, "measurements": [{'name': 'propA', 'value': valA}, {'name': 'propB', 'value': valB}, etc]}`

Which is awkward for many downstream things with the nested data structure, and doesn't really mesh with how annotations are intended to be represented in the store (usually a flat dict of properties unless there's a very good reason for nesting).

This commit adds an option to provide a transform to deal with any application-specific formatting, which for example can be used to unpack measurements when importing from QuPath to give instead in a properties dict with the measurement properties unpacked:

`properties = {a couple other props, 'propA': valA, 'propB': valB, etc}`

Importing from QuPath is probably one of the main use-cases for this, and an example is provided in the docstring for this case, but the additional flexibility means it can be used for other use-cases too.

---------

Co-authored-by: Shan E Ahmed Raza <[email protected]>

tests/test_annotation_stores.py

@@ -2823,3 +2823,65 @@ def test_query_min_area(
         _, store = fill_store(store_cls, ":memory:")
         result = store.query((0, 0, 1000, 1000), min_area=1)
         assert len(result) == 100  # should only get cells, pts are too small
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_import_transform(
+        tmp_path: Path,
+        store_cls: type[AnnotationStore],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Test importing with an application-specific transform."""
+        # make a simple example of a .geojson exported from QuPath
+        anns = {
+            "type": "FeatureCollection",
+            "features": [
+                {
+                    "type": "Feature",
+                    "geometry": {
+                        "type": "Polygon",
+                        "coordinates": [
+                            [
+                                [1076, 2322.55],
+                                [1073.61, 2323.23],
+                                [1072.58, 2323.88],
+                                [1070.93, 2325.61],
+                                [1076, 2322.55],
+                            ],
+                        ],
+                    },
+                    "properties": {
+                        "object_type": "detection",
+                        "isLocked": "false",
+                        "measurements": [
+                            {
+                                "name": "Detection probability",
+                                "value": 0.847621500492096,
+                            },
+                            {"name": "Area µm^2", "value": 27.739423751831055},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            ],
+        }
+        with (tmp_path / "test_annotations.geojson").open("w") as f:
+            json.dump(anns, f)
+
+        def unpack_qupath(ann: Annotation) -> Annotation:
+            """Helper function to unpack QuPath measurements."""
+            props = ann.properties
+            measurements = props.pop("measurements")
+            for m in measurements:
+                props[m["name"]] = m["value"]
+            return ann
+
+        store = store_cls.from_geojson(
+            tmp_path / "test_annotations.geojson",
+            transform=unpack_qupath,
+        )
+        assert len(store) == 1
+        ann = next(iter(store.values()))
+        assert ann.properties == {
+            "object_type": "detection",
+            "isLocked": "false",
+            "Detection probability": 0.847621500492096,
+            "Area µm^2": 27.739423751831055,
+        }

tiatoolbox/annotation/storage.py

@@ -1724,6 +1724,7 @@ def from_geojson(
         fp: IO | str,
         scale_factor: tuple[float, float] = (1, 1),
         origin: tuple[float, float] = (0, 0),
+        transform: Callable[[Annotation], Annotation] | None = None,
     ) -> AnnotationStore:
         """Create a new database with annotations loaded from a geoJSON file.
 
@@ -1736,21 +1737,56 @@ def from_geojson(
                 annotations saved at non-baseline resolution.
             origin (Tuple[float, float]):
                 The x and y coordinates to use as the origin for the annotations.
+            transform (Callable):
+                A function to apply to each annotation after loading. Should take an
+                annotation as input and return an annotation. Defaults to None.
+                Intended to facilitate modifying the way annotations are loaded to
+                accomodate the specifics of different annotation formats.
 
         Returns:
             AnnotationStore:
                 A new annotation store with the annotations loaded from the file.
 
+        Example:
+            To load annotations from a GeoJSON exported by QuPath, with measurements
+            stored in a 'measurements' property as a list of name-value pairs, and
+            unpack those measurements into a flat dictionary of properties of
+            each annotation:
+            >>> from tiatoolbox.annotation.storage import SQLiteStore
+            >>> def unpack_qupath(ann: Annotation) -> Annotation:
+            >>>    #Helper function to unpack QuPath measurements.
+            >>>    props = ann.properties
+            >>>    measurements = props.pop("measurements")
+            >>>    for m in measurements:
+            >>>        props[m["name"]] = m["value"]
+            >>>    return ann
+            >>> store = SQLiteStore.from_geojson(
+            ...     "exported_file.geojson",
+            ...     transform=unpack_qupath,
+            ... )
+
         """
         store = cls()
-        store.add_from_geojson(fp, scale_factor, origin=origin)
+        if transform is None:
+
+            def transform(annotation: Annotation) -> Annotation:
+                """Default import transform. Does Nothing."""
+                return annotation
+
+        store.add_from_geojson(
+            fp,
+            scale_factor,
+            origin=origin,
+            transform=transform,
+        )
         return store
 
     def add_from_geojson(
         self: AnnotationStore,
         fp: IO | str,
         scale_factor: tuple[float, float] = (1, 1),
         origin: tuple[float, float] = (0, 0),
+        transform: Callable[[Annotation], Annotation] | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Add annotations from a .geojson file to an existing store.
 
@@ -1765,6 +1801,11 @@ def add_from_geojson(
                 at non-baseline resolution.
             origin (Tuple[float, float]):
                 The x and y coordinates to use as the origin for the annotations.
+            transform (Callable):
+                A function to apply to each annotation after loading. Should take an
+                annotation as input and return an annotation. Defaults to None.
+                Intended to facilitate modifying the way annotations are loaded to
+                accommodate the specifics of different annotation formats.
 
         """
 
@@ -1789,11 +1830,13 @@ def transform_geometry(geom: Geometry) -> Geometry:
         )
 
         annotations = [
-            Annotation(
-                transform_geometry(
-                    feature2geometry(feature["geometry"]),
+            transform(
+                Annotation(
+                    transform_geometry(
+                        feature2geometry(feature["geometry"]),
+                    ),
+                    feature["properties"],
                 ),
-                feature["properties"],
             )
             for feature in geojson["features"]
         ]