docs: add debian installation guide

docs/install_apt_debian.md

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+---
+title: "Installation: Debian"
+---
+
+# Debian Installation
+
+Caffe packages are available for `Debian/unstable`. Debian/stable users
+should take a look at Ubuntu installation instruction.  
+
+Only experienced linux users are recommended to try Debian/unstable (Sid).  
+
+Last update: Dec.21 2016  
+
+## Debian/unstable
+
+Apart from the installation methods based on source, Debian/unstable
+users can install pre-compiled Caffe packages via the official archive.
+
+### Binary installation
+
+Make sure that there is something like the follows in your `/etc/apt/sources.list`:
+```
+deb http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free
+```
+Then we update APT cache and directly install Caffe. Note, the cpu version and
+the cuda version cannot be installed at the same time.
+```
+# apt update
+# apt install [ caffe-cpu | caffe-cuda ]
+```
+It should work out of box.
+
+#### Customizing caffe packages
+
+Some users may need to customize the Caffe package. Here is a brief
+guide of producing the customized `.deb` packages.
+
+Make sure that there is something like this in your `/etc/apt/sources.list`:
+```
+deb http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free
+deb-src http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian sid main contrib non-free
+```
+
+Then we build caffe deb files with the following commands:
+```
+$ sudo apt update
+$ sudo apt install build-essential debhelper devscripts    # standard package building tools
+$ sudo apt build-dep [ caffe-cpu | caffe-cuda ]            # the most elegant way to pull caffe build dependencies
+$ apt source [ caffe-cpu | caffe-cuda ]               # download the source tarball and extract
+$ cd caffe-XXXX
+[ ... optional, customize caffe code/build ... ]
+$ debuild -B -j4                                      # build caffe with 4 parallel jobs (similar to make -j4)
+[ ... building ...]
+$ debc                                                # optional, if you want to check the package contents
+$ sudo debi                                           # optional, install the generated packages
+```
+The resulting deb packages can be found under the parent directory of the source tree.
+
+### Source installation
+
+Source installation under Debian/unstable is similar to that of Ubuntu, but
+here is a more elegant way to pull caffe build dependencies:
+```
+$ sudo apt build-dep [ caffe-cpu | caffe-cuda ]
+```
+Note, this requires a `deb-src` entry in your `/etc/apt/sources.list`.
+
+### Notes
+
+* Consider re-compiling OpenBLAS locally with optimization flags for sake of
+performance. This is highly recommended if you are writing a paper.
+
+* If you are installing `caffe-cuda`, APT will automatically pull some of the
+CUDA packages and the nvidia driver packages. Please take care if you have
+manually installed or hacked nvidia driver or CUDA toolkit or any other
+related stuff, because in this case it may fail.
+
+* If you encountered any problem when installing `caffe-*`, please report bug
+to Debian via Debian's bug tracking system. See https://www.debian.org/Bugs/ .
+
+* Additionally, a manpage (`man caffe`) and a bash complementation script
+(`caffe <TAB><TAB>`, `caffe train <TAB><TAB>`) are provided.
+Both of the two files are still not merged into caffe master.
+
+* The python interface is Python 3 version: `python3-caffe-{cpu,cuda}`.
+No plan to support python2.
+
+## FAQ
+
+* where is caffe-cudnn?
+
+CUDNN library seems not redistributable currently. If you really want the
+caffe-cudnn deb packages, the workaround is to install cudnn by yourself,
+and hack the packaging scripts, then build your customized package.
+
+* I installed the CPU version, How can I switch to the CUDA version?
+
+`sudo apt install caffe-cuda`, apt's dependency resolver is smart enough to deal with this.
+
+* Where is the examples, the models and other documentation stuff?
+
+```
+sudo apt install caffe-doc
+dpkg -L caffe-doc
+```

docs/installation.md

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ The official Makefile and `Makefile.config` build are complemented by a [communi
 
 - [Docker setup](https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/tree/master/docker) *out-of-the-box brewing*
 - [Ubuntu installation](install_apt.html) *the standard platform*
+- [Debian installation](install_apt_debian.html) *deploy caffe with a single command*
 - [OS X installation](install_osx.html)
 - [RHEL / CentOS / Fedora installation](install_yum.html)
 - [Windows](https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/tree/windows) *see the Windows branch led by Guillaume Dumont*