Code REST API ORM SQL Database

Code example to build a REST API with ORM and SQL Database.

Technologies:

• Express REST API server
• Sequelize ORM
• MariaDB/MySQL database

Table of Contents

• Code REST API ORM SQL Database
  • Table of Contents
  • Preparation
    • Database Installation
  • Setup database for all environments
  • Installation and Configuration
  • Running
    • Development
    • Production
  • Extra Information
    • REST API Endpoints
    • Data Schema
    • How to Setup Sequelize
    • How to Integrate with Express
    • Database Dump
    • How to Deploy with Heroku

---

Preparation

Database Installation

We recommend using mariadb instead of mysql. Although the node adapter can be using mysql2 adapter.

macOS:

brew install mariadb
brew services start mariadb

Ubuntu:

• Install MariaDB 10.3 on Ubuntu 18.04 and CentOS 7 - Computingforgeeks
• How To Install MySQL on Ubuntu 18.04 | DigitalOcean

Setup database for all environments

In local.

# for development
CREATE DATABASE yourdatabasename

In remote server.

# for test
CREATE DATABASE yourdatabasename_test

# for production
CREATE DATABASE yourdatabasename

Installation and Configuration

Install dependencies.

yarn

This will also run the setup script automatically.

yarn setup
# this will copy .env.schema to .env if not exist yet

Then edit .env contents in your editor. Refer to .env.defaults for the default values.

DEVELOPMENT_DB_USERNAME=yourusername
DEVELOPMENT_DB_PASSWORD=yourpassword
DEVELOPMENT_DB_NAME=yourdatabasename
DEVELOPMENT_DB_HOST=localhost
DEVELOPMENT_DB_PORT=3306
DEVELOPMENT_DB_DIALECT=mysql

TEST_DB_USERNAME=yourusername
TEST_DB_PASSWORD=yourpassword
TEST_DB_NAME=yourdatabasename-test
TEST_DB_HOST=localhost
TEST_DB_PORT=3306
TEST_DB_DIALECT=mysql

PRODUCTION_DB_USERNAME=yourusername
PRODUCTION_DB_PASSWORD=yourpassword
PRODUCTION_DB_NAME=yourdatabasename
PRODUCTION_DB_HOST=0.0.0.0
PRODUCTION_DB_PORT=3306
PRODUCTION_DB_DIALECT=mysql

Create that yourdatabase (change this) database to your own database server. You can use CLI or GUI application.

Run migrate script only once to run the migration files, create the tables into the database.

yarn migrate
# this will run all migrations/*.js

You can run seed script only once also to run the seeder files, insert demo data into the database.

yarn seed
# this will run all seeders/*.js

---

Running

Only run after the preparation, installation, and configuration are finished.

Development

yarn dev

Production

yarn start

---

Extra Information

REST API Endpoints

Endpoint	HTTP	Description
/	GET	Get root API
/users	GET	Get all users
/users/:id	GET	Get one user by id
/users	POST	Create new user
/users/:id	PUT	Update one user by id
/users/:id	DELETE	Delete one user by id
/users	DELETE	Delete all users

Request body example

{
  "email": "[email protected]",
  "password": "yourpassword",
  "username": "yourusername",
  "name": "Your Full Name"
}

---

Data Schema

Users

{
  "id": 0,
  "email": "",
  "password": "",
  "salt": "",
  "username": "",
  "name": ""
}

Tasks

{
  "id": 0,
  "user_id": 0,
  "text": ""
}

---

How to Setup Sequelize

Follow this official guide: http://docs.sequelizejs.com/manual/tutorial/migrations.html

Install sequelize dependencies in your project.

yarn add sequelize mysql2

Use sequelize-cli to initialize and configure the project.

# install sequelize-cli globally
yarn global add sequelize-cli sequelize mysql2

# so you can use it anywhere
sequelize init

# change config.json to config.js

# change '/../config/config.js' in models/index.js

# configure config.js based on your database settings
# change database name, username, password, host, port, dialect

# generate model via cli
sequelize model:generate --name User --attributes username:string,email:string

# edit migrations file
# migrations/20180000000000-create-user.js

# edit models file
# models/user.js

# do the migration from the configuration to the actual database
sequelize db:migrate

# generate seeder via cli
sequelize seed:generate --name demo-users

# edit seeders file
# seeders/20180000000000-demo-users.js

# do the seeding from the configuration to the actual database
sequelize db:seed:all

---

How to Integrate with Express

Change the server.listen code block.

server.listen(port, function() {
  console.log('Express server listening on port ' + server.address().port)
})
server.on('error', onError)
server.on('listening', onListening)

Into this, to be wrapped with models.sequelize.

const models = require('./models')

// ...

models.sequelize.sync().then(function() {
  server.listen(port, function() {
    console.log('Express server listening on port ' + server.address().port)
    debug('Express server listening on port ' + server.address().port)
  })
  server.on('error', onError)
  server.on('listening', onListening)
})

Use the model from anywhere. For instance, in your controller functions.

const models = require('../../models')

// ...

models.User.findAll()
  .then(users => {
    res.send({
      users
    })
  })
  .catch(error => {
    res.status(400).send({
      error
    })
  })

Run express server as usual.

Database Dump

How to backup/export & restore/import database from/to a file.

Export:

mysqldump yourdatabase --single-transaction --user=yourusername -p > yourfile.sql

Import:

mysql yourdatabase --user=yourusername -p < yourfile.sql

---

How to Deploy with Heroku

You can also follow the official guides or community articles:

• Node.js | Heroku Dev Center
• Getting Started on Heroku with Node.js
• Deploying Node.js Apps on Heroku
• Best Practices for Node.js Development | Heroku Dev Center
• How to Deploy a Node.js App to Heroku ― Scotch (published in 2014)

Create and login to your account on Heroku.

On Heroku Dashboard

Create the app on Heroku.

Setup your "Config Vars": https://dashboard.heroku.com/apps/yourappname/settings, then "Reveal Config Vars".

Put your KEY and VALUE respectively.

PRODUCTION_DB_USERNAME = yourusername
PRODUCTION_DB_PASSWORD = yourpassword
PRODUCTION_DB_NAME = yourdatabasename
PRODUCTION_DB_HOST = 0.0.0.0
PRODUCTION_DB_PORT = 3306
PRODUCTION_DB_DIALECT = mysql

Make sure it's set correctly.

You can also make it auto deploy in "Deployment Method" by connecting with GitHub: https://dashboard.heroku.com/apps/yourappname/deploy/github, then "Enable Automatic deploys".

On Your Local Computer

Install Heroku toolbelt CLI.

# on linux
sudo apt install heroku

# on mac
brew install heroku

Login in CLI.

heroku login

Create Procfile and add this line. It will be used for Heroku on how to start the app. Procfile itself is defined by [node-foreman](https://github.com/strongloop/node-foreman.

web: yarn start

Create app.json and add these lines. It will be used for Heroku to identify the app.

{
  "name": "yourappname",
  "description": "Your App Description",
  "repository": "https://github.com/yourusername/yourappname",
  "keywords": ["your", "key", "words"],
  "image": "heroku/nodejs"
}

You can also install Heroku in your development dependencies. Please note that devDependencies will not be installed on production.

yarn add --dev heroku

Test your local app as if run using Heroku.

heroku local web

Test your local app as if run using Heroku on PRODUCTION mode/environment.

yarn start:production
# this will run
# NODE_ENV=production heroku local web

Go to your repo, then add heroku remote.

heroku git:remote -a yourappname
# set git remote heroku to https://git.heroku.com/yourappname.git

Push to Heroku through Git.

git push heroku master

On Heroku server, the Heroku platform will in order:

• Be cloned fresh either from push or GitHub new commit trigger.
• Detect the repo if it's a Node.js app.
• Create runtime environment, especially set NODE_ENV=production.
• Install Node.js, npm, and yarn binaries.
• Restore cache.
• Build dependencies.
  • Install node modules.
  • Run install script. In this case, run npm run setup and npm run migrate scripts.
• Run the dependency installation based on package.json's dependencies.
• Run Procfile's web script. In this case, run yarn start.

You can see those in details in "Activity" panel: https://dashboard.heroku.com/apps/yourappname/activity.

If there's something wrong with your database, connect to its server and resolve the issue.