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README.md

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-# RHCSA
-the collection of practice questions and lab environment for ex200 
+# RHCSA...
+the collection of practice questions and lab environment for ex200 from all around github...
+
+
+[**Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA)** exam objectives](https://www.redhat.com/en/services/training/ex200-red-hat-certified-system-administrator-rhcsa-exam?section=objectives)
+
+**Study points for the exam**
+
+RHCSA exam candidates should be able to accomplish the tasks below without assistance. These have been grouped into several categories.
+
+
+**Understand and use essential tools**
+- Access a shell prompt and issue commands with correct syntax
+- Use input-output redirection (>, >>, |, 2>, etc.)
+- Use grep and regular expressions to analyze text
+- Access remote systems using SSH
+- Log in and switch users in multiuser targets
+- Archive, compress, unpack, and uncompress files using tar, star, gzip, and bzip2
+- Create and edit text files
+- Create, delete, copy, and move files and directories
+- Create hard and soft links
+- List, set, and change standard ugo/rwx permissions
+- Locate, read, and use system documentation including man, info, and files in /usr/share/doc
+
+**Create simple shell scripts**
+- Conditionally execute code (use of: if, test, [], etc.)
+- Use Looping constructs (for, etc.) to process file, command line input
+- Process script inputs ($1, $2, etc.)
+- Processing output of shell commands within a script
+
+**Operate running systems**
+- Boot, reboot, and shut down a system normally
+- Boot systems into different targets manually
+- Interrupt the boot process in order to gain access to a system
+- Identify CPU/memory intensive processes and kill processes
+- Adjust process scheduling
+- Manage tuning profiles
+- Locate and interpret system log files and journals
+- Preserve system journals
+- Start, stop, and check the status of network services
+- Securely transfer files between systems
+
+**Configure local storage**
+- List, create, delete partitions on MBR and GPT disks
+- Create and remove physical volumes
+- Assign physical volumes to volume groups
+- Create and delete logical volumes
+- Configure systems to mount file systems at boot by universally unique ID (UUID) or label
+- Add new partitions and logical volumes, and swap to a system non-destructively
+
+**Create and configure file systems**
+- Create, mount, unmount, and use vfat, ext4, and xfs file systems
+- Mount and unmount network file systems using NFS
+- Configure autofs
+- Extend existing logical volumes
+- Create and configure set-GID directories for collaboration
+- Diagnose and correct file permission problems
+
+**Deploy, configure, and maintain systems**
+- Schedule tasks using at and cron
+- Start and stop services and configure services to start automatically at boot
+- Configure systems to boot into a specific target automatically
+- Configure time service clients
+- Install and update software packages from Red Hat Network, a remote repository, or from the local file system
+- Modify the system bootloader
+
+**Manage basic networking**
+- Configure IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
+- Configure hostname resolution
+- Configure network services to start automatically at boot
+- Restrict network access using firewall-cmd/firewall
+
+**Manage users and groups**
+- Create, delete, and modify local user accounts
+- Change passwords and adjust password aging for local user accounts
+- Create, delete, and modify local groups and group memberships
+- Configure superuser access
+
+**Manage security**
+- Configure firewall settings using firewall-cmd/firewalld
+- Manage default file permissions
+- Configure key-based authentication for SSH
+- Set enforcing and permissive modes for SELinux
+- List and identify SELinux file and process context
+- Restore default file contexts
+- Manage SELinux port labels
+- Use boolean settings to modify system SELinux settings
+- Diagnose and address routine SELinux policy violations
+
+**Manage containers**
+- Find and retrieve container images from a remote registry
+- Inspect container images
+- Perform container management using commands such as podman and skopeo
+- Build a container from a Containerfile
+- Perform basic container management such as running, starting, stopping, and listing running containers
+- Run a service inside a container
+- Configure a container to start automatically as a systemd service
+- Attach persistent storage to a container
+- As with all Red Hat performance-based exams, configurations must persist after reboot without intervention.

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/ACL.md

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+### **Q. copy /etc/fstab to /var/tmp. user natasha has read and write permission, user sarah has no any permission to /var/tmp**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/fstab /var/tmp
+
+[root@localhost ~]# getfacl /var/tmp (check permissions)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -m u:natasha:rw- /var/tmp
+
+[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -m u:sarah:--- /var/tmp
+
+[root@localhost ~]# getfacl /var/tmp (again check permissions)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/Create_partition.md

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+### **Q. Create a 2GB partition using /dev/sdb make it as ext4 file system and mounted automatically under /mnt/data at boot-start**
+### Answer : -
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
+
+command (m for help): press 'n' here
+select (default p): Enter
+partition number (1-4, default between 1-4): Enter
+first sector(default): Enter
+last sector, sector or +size (K,M,G,T,P)(default): +2G
+command (m for help): press p for partition info
+command (m for help): press w to save changes 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# udevadm settle (to setup driver)
+[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 (here sdb1 is partition in /dev/sdb)
+[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/data
+[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/data
+
+To mount a partition automatically under /mnt/data make the entry of partition in /etc/fstab file. use following command:
+
+[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab (add partition entry here)

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/Creating_group.md

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+### Q. **Create a group usergroup with 1788 groupid**.
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 1788 usergroup
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group (checkout groups and id's)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/Enabling_SELinux.md

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+### <cneter>**Q. Enable SELinux.**</center>
+### Answer: -
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# getenforce (checks status of SELinux)
+
+if it shows disabled or permissive go to /etc/selinux/config file and change configuration of selinux as,
+
+SELINUX=enforcing 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# systemctl reboot
+
+Again check status of SELinux after reboot.
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/Network_configuration.md

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+### **Configure Host Name, IP address, Gateway and DNS**
+### Host Name      --> station.domain40.example.com
+### IP address     --> 172.24.40.40
+### Gateway        --> 172.24.40.1
+### DNS            -->172.24.40.1
+
+### Answer :-
+
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname station.domain40.example.com
+
+[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
+
+- Things needs to be configured are 
+
+BOOTPROTO=static
+ONBOOT=yes
+IPADDR=172.24.40.40
+GATEWAY=172.24.40.1
+DNS1=172.24.40.1
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf (check DNS configuration)
+
+
+

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/Stratis_pool.md

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+### **Q. Create a stratis pool of size 2GB with name newpool and create a filesystem with name newpart1 it should be mounted on /mnt/partition.**
+### Answer: - 
+Install neccessay packages to do this task.
+- yum install stratisd
+- yum install stratis-cli
+
+procedure to create stratis pool.
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# yum install stratisd
+
+[root@localhost ~]# yum enable stratisd
+
+[root@localhost ~]# stratis pool create newpool /dev/sdb (here /sdb is disk of size 2GB)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# stratis pool list (checkout pools)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# stratis filesystem newpool newpart1 (creates filesystem)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# stratis filesystem list (check filesystem)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/partition
+
+[root@localhost ~]# mount /stratis/newpool/newpart1 /mnt/partition
+
+To mount a partition automatically under /mnt/partition make the entry of partition in /etc/fstab file. use following command:
+
+[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab (add partition entry here)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/User_creation.md

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+### ***Create a user named Eric, and the user id should be 1234, and the password should be Eric123.***
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]#  useradd -u 1234 Eric
+
+[root@localhost ~]#  passwd Eric
+
+changing password for user Eric
+New password:Eric123 
+Retype new password:Eric123
+
+passwd: all authentication token updated successfully.

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/User_permission.md

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+### **Q.Copy /etc/fstab to /var/tmp name admin, the user1 could read, write and modify it, while user2 without any permission.**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/fstab /var/tmp 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# groupadd admin
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd user1
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd user2
+
+[root@localhost ~]# chgrp admin /var/tmp/fstab
+
+[root@localhost ~]# getfacl /var/tmp/fstab (check owner, group and permissions)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -m u:user1:rwx /var/tmp/fstab
+[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -m u:user2:--- /var/tmp/fstab
+
+[root@localhost ~]# getfacl /var/tmp/fstab (again check group, and user permissions)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/change_tunning_profile.md

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+### **Q. Change the current active tuning profile to powersave**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# tuned-adm list (command gives list of available profile)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# tuned-adm profile powersave
+
+to confirm that powersave profile is active, execute following command
+
+[root@localhost ~]# tuned-adm active 
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/create_swap_partition.md

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+### **Q. Add aditional swap partition of 2GB using /dev/sdd? and mount it permanently.**
+### Answer:-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# lsblk (check description of partitions)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
+
+command (m for help): press 'n' here
+select (default p): Enter
+partition number (1-4, default between 1-4): Enter
+first sector(default): Enter
+last sector, sector or +size (K,M,G,T,P)(default): +2G
+command (m for help): press p for partition info
+
+now we need this partition to be swap partition. hence we need to change the flag.
+
+command (m for help): press 't' here
+partition number (default 1): enter
+
+change the partition regular to swap use hex code 82.
+
+Hex code (type L to list all hex code): 82
+changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap'
+command (m for help): press w to save changes 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
+[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/sdd1
+[root@localhost ~]# swapon /dev/sdd1
+[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s (check swap summary)
+
+To mount swap permanently make entry in fstab
+
+[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
+```
+

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/create_user.md

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+### <center>**Add user Krish such that it's password not gonna expire.**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd -h (get help to checkout options for password inactive period)
+
+Graphical window appears 
+
+select -f to option to decide password period.
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd -f -1 Krish
+
+here password expiry value is -1 which means not expiry period.
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/cronjob.md

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+### ***Q. Configure a cronjob that runs 14:10 minutes and executes, logger"Target EX200" at the user Krish.***
+### Answer :-
+
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# crontab -eu Krish
+
+10 14 * * *logger"Target EX200"
+
+[root@localhost ~]# crontab -l (check cronjob)
+
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/find_files.md

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+### **Q.Locate all files owned by user Eric and copy all those files under /root/Eric-files**
+### Answer : -
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /root/Eric-files
+
+[root@localhost ~]# find / -user Eric (finds all files owned by Eric user)
+
+/tmp/hello.txt
+/tmp/hi.txt
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cp /tmp/hello.txt /root/Eric-files (copy files owned by eric user)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cp /tmp/hi.txt /root/Eric-files 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# ls -la /root/Eric-files (check whether all files copied or not)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/findwords.md

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+### **Q. Find string empty in /usr/share/dict/words and put into /root/emptyword.**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# grep empty /usr/share/dict/words > /root/emptyword.
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/groups.md

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+### **Q. Add three users: harry, natasha, tom. The requirements: The Additional group of the two users: harry, Natasha is the admin group. The user: tom's login shell should be non-interactive.**
+### Answer :-
+```
+[root@localhost ~]# groupadd admin
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd -G admin harry
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd -G admin natasha
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group (check group and group members)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin tom
+
+[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd (check login shell)
+```

SHrEE-7/Practice_Exam-Questions/modify_user_id.md

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+### **Q. Change user krish user id from 1200 to 1284.**
+### Answer :-
+```
+checkout uid of user krish 
+
+[root@localhost ~]# id krish
+uid=1200(krish) gid=1201(krish) groups=1201(krish)
+
+[root@localhost ~]# usermod -u 1284 krish
+uid=1284(krish) gid=1201(krish) groups=1201(krish)
+```