[5.x] mod_articles hide images

[brianteeman]

Steps to reproduce the issue

Using the joomla sample data edit the article "joomla"
Add an image in the content and make the image a clickable link
View the source on the hompage for this article

Expected result

The module is set to hide article images so the image inserted will not be displayed

Actual result

The image is removed but the link remains but is not actionable as the content for the link (the image) has been removed

System information (as much as possible)

Additional comments

The same is true for the legacy article modules eg #30564

[brianteeman]

PR was quicker to create than I expected. See #44475