Aim and Objective of the Arduino Based Crop and Weather Suitability Station

This project aims to create a comprehensive weather station that monitors various environmental parameters and analyzes their suitability for crop growth. Here's a breakdown of the objectives:

• Environmental Data Collection:
  • Measures temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, altitude, air quality, soil moisture, and rainfall.
  • Employs sensors like DHT22, BME280, rain sensor, soil moisture sensor and a MQ-135 for air quality.
• Data Processing and Analysis:
  • Calculates heat index based on temperature and humidity.
  • Accesses a JSON database containing crop-specific requirements for temperature, humidity, and soil moisture.
  • Analyzes the collected data against the crop database to determine suitable crops for the current conditions.
• Data Display and Storage:
  • Presents the collected sensor data on an OLED display.
  • Logs the data to an SD card for later analysis which also serves as a data backup in case WiFi is not available or we lose connection to the server.
• Web Connectivity and Data Transmission:
  • Connects to a Wi-Fi network.
  • Transmits the collected weather data along with crop suitability information to a web server at regular intervals.

The Data transmision and processing (storage of data recieved in a MongoDB on a server) is done via the Arduino Server Manager

Working of the Arduino Code

The code can be segmented into several key functionalities:

1. Initialization:

   • Sets up communication with various sensors like DHT22, BME280, rain sensor, and analog air quality sensor.
   • Connects to the specified Wi-Fi network and synchronizes time with an NTP server.
   • Initializes the OLED display and SD card for data visualization and storage.

2. Sensor Data Acquisition:

   • Reads sensor values for temperature, humidity, pressure, altitude, air quality, soil moisture, and rainfall.
   • Calculates heat index based on temperature and humidity.

3. Crop Suitability Analysis:

   • Accesses a JSON database containing information on various crops and their specific requirements for temperature, humidity, and soil moisture.
   • Compares the collected sensor data with the crop requirements in the database.
   • Identifies crops that fall within the suitable range for the current conditions.

4. Data Display and Storage:

   • Presents the collected sensor data, heat index, and identified suitable crops on the OLED display.
   • Logs the sensor data, timestamp, crop suitability information, and Wi-Fi signal strength to an SD card file.

5. Web Connectivity and Data Transmission:

   • Connects to a specified web server over Wi-Fi.
   • Converts the collected weather data and crop suitability information into a JSON format.
   • Sends the JSON data to the web server at regular intervals.

This continuous cycle of data acquisition, analysis, display, storage, and transmission allows the Arduino station to function as a comprehensive weather monitoring and crop suitability assessment tool.

Database Template

{
      "name": "Potato",
      "temperature": {
        "min": 15,
        "max": 25
      },
      "humidity": {
        "min": 60,
        "max": 80
      },
      "soil_moisture": {
        "min": 60,
        "max": 80
      },
      "retail_price": {
        "January": 4000,
        "February": 4000,
        "March": 4000,
        "April": 3000,
        "May": 3167,
        "June": 3000,
        "July": 3000,
        "August": 3000,
        "September": 3000,
        "October": 3000,
        "November": 3000,
        "December": 3000
      },
      "wholesale_price": {
        "January": 1675,
        "February": 1198,
        "March": 994,
        "April": 1225,
        "May": 1533,
        "June": 1542,
        "July": 1579,
        "August": 1600,
        "September": 1459,
        "October": 1558,
        "November": 1524,
        "December": 1497
      },
      "months_supported": [
        "November",
        "December",
        "January",
        "February",
      ]
    }