py-black: update to 24.10.0, add py313 subport

[erikbs]

Description

This version explicitly states support for Python 3.9 through 3.13 on PyPI.

Note: PR #27172 also updates Black, but is tagged as work in progress and has had draft status for several weeks. Black is only one of several ports that it updates. Being a widely use package without strong ties to the other packages in that PR, I think that Black can be updated separately to avoid delays. I propose the same changes here to Black’s Portfile as the other PR, except that I do not re-add the py38 subport (it is my understanding that we are removing those now and, besides, Black no longer officially supports 3.8 according to its pyproject.toml file)

Type(s)

• bugfix
• enhancement
• security fix

Tested on

macOS 10.9.5 13F1911 x86_64
Xcode 6.2 6C131e

Verification

Have you

• followed our Commit Message Guidelines?
• squashed and minimized your commits?
• checked that there aren't other open pull requests for the same change? (see note above)
• checked your Portfile with port lint?
• tried existing tests with sudo port test?
• tried a full install with sudo port -vst install?
• tested basic functionality of all binary files?

Testing: I have been running this locally for a couple of weeks now without problems.

[macportsbot]

Notifying maintainers:
@danchr for port py-black.

[jhoyt4]

I'll happily modify PR27172 if this one gets accepted, so please don't let this stop anyone from committing it.