Add Template Method

README.md

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 Project that implements some design patterns using Java 13.
 
 - Strategy
-- Chain Of Responsibility
+- Chain Of Responsibility
+- Template Method

src/templateMethod/Annotation.txt

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+##############################
+#      Template Method       #
+##############################
+
+
+
+
+
+##### Language - EN
+
+- When we have different algorithms that have similar structures, the Template Method is a good solution.
+With it, we were able to define, on a more macro level, the structure of the algorithm and leave "holes", which will be
+implemented differently by each of the specific implementations.
+
+- Thus, we reuse instead of repeating code, and facilitate possible evolutions, both of the algorithm in 
+its macro structure, as well as the details of the algorithm, since each class has its own separate responsibility.
+
+
+
+
+##### Language - PT-BR
+
+- Quando temos diferentes algoritmos que possuem estruturas parecidas, o Template Method é uma boa solução. 
+Com ele, conseguimos definir, em um nível mais macro, a estrutura do algoritmo e deixar "buracos", que serão 
+implementados de maneira diferente por cada uma das implementações específicas.
+
+- Dessa forma, reutilizamos ao invés de repetirmos código, e facilitamos possíveis evoluções, tanto do algoritmo em
+ sua estrutura macro, quanto dos detalhes do algoritmo, já que cada classe tem sua responsabilidade bem separada.

src/templateMethod/Budget.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import templateMethod.Item;
+
+public class Budget {
+
+	private double value;
+	private final List<Item> items;
+
+	public Budget(double value) {
+		super();
+		this.value = value;
+		items = new ArrayList<Item>();
+	}
+
+	public double getValue() {
+		return value;
+	}
+
+	public void addItem(Item item) {
+		items.add(item);
+	}
+
+	public List<Item> getItems() {
+		return Collections.unmodifiableList(items);// unmodifiableList -> Return a List immutable.
+	}
+
+}

src/templateMethod/ConditionalTaxTemplate.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+public abstract class ConditionalTaxTemplate implements Tax{
+
+	@Override
+	public double calculate(Budget budget) {
+
+		if(mustUseMaxTaxAplly(budget)) {
+			return maxTaxAplly(budget); // Aplly Max Tax
+		} else {
+			return minTaxAplly(budget); // Aplly Min Tax
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	// Protected for only children to see
+	protected abstract boolean mustUseMaxTaxAplly(Budget budget);
+
+	protected abstract double maxTaxAplly(Budget budget);
+
+	protected abstract double minTaxAplly(Budget budget);
+
+}

src/templateMethod/Item.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+public class Item {
+
+	private final String name;
+	private final double value;
+
+	public Item(String name, double value) {
+		this.name = name;
+		this.value = value;
+	}
+
+	public String getName() {
+		return name;
+	}
+
+	public double getValue() {
+		return value;
+	}
+
+}

src/templateMethod/Tax.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+public interface Tax {
+
+	public double calculate(Budget budget);
+
+}

src/templateMethod/TaxABCD.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+public class TaxABCD extends ConditionalTaxTemplate {
+
+	// If item in the list is greater than 100 it returns true
+	private boolean thereIsAnItemGreaterThan100InTheBudget(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getItems().stream()
+			.anyMatch(i -> {
+				if (i.getValue() > 100) {
+					return true;
+				}
+				return false;
+			});
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected boolean mustUseMaxTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() > 500 && thereIsAnItemGreaterThan100InTheBudget(budget);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected double maxTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() * 0.15;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected double minTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() * 0.06;
+	}
+
+}

src/templateMethod/TaxEFGH.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+public class TaxEFGH extends ConditionalTaxTemplate {
+
+	@Override
+	protected boolean mustUseMaxTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() > 500;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected double maxTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() * 0.10;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	protected double minTaxAplly(Budget budget) {
+		return budget.getValue() * 0.06;
+	}
+
+}

src/templateMethod/TemplateMethodMain.java

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+package templateMethod;
+
+import templateMethod.Item;
+
+public class TemplateMethodMain {
+
+	public static void main(String[] args) {
+		System.out.println("--------------------------------------------- Begin Test Template Method");
+
+
+		Budget budget = new Budget(501);
+		budget.addItem(new Item("Mouse", 90.0));
+		budget.addItem(new Item("Keyboard", 231.1));
+		budget.addItem(new Item("TV", 600.0));
+
+		ConditionalTaxTemplate conditionalTaxTemplateABCD = new TaxABCD(); //75.14999999999999
+		ConditionalTaxTemplate conditionalTaxTemplateEFGH = new TaxEFGH(); //50.1
+
+		// according to its implementation it will call the corresponding calculation, using TEMPLATE METHOD
+		System.out.println("Calculate: " + conditionalTaxTemplateABCD.calculate(budget) + "%");
+		System.out.println("Calculate: " + conditionalTaxTemplateEFGH.calculate(budget) + "%");
+
+
+		System.out.println("--------------------------------------------- End Test Template Method");
+	}
+
+}