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# 初始化操作系统 | ||
# 初始化操作系统 | ||
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Ok,我们安装好了CentOS系统,可以使用SSH工具连接上去进行尝试了,我推荐使用 [XShell] 这款工具,支持中文,还有一些主题使用。 | ||
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现在我们还不知道CentOS的IP是无法连接的,所以先在虚拟机中启动CentOS。 | ||
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![](https://ooo.0o0.ooo/2016/09/09/57d225f429a16.png) | ||
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这里账户输入 `root` 密码是你在安装的时候设置的。 | ||
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## 网络配置 | ||
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这时候我们键入 `ifconfig` 查看ip | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | ||
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lo Link encap:Local Loopback | ||
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 | ||
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host | ||
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 | ||
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 | ||
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 | ||
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 | ||
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) | ||
``` | ||
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发现还没有,我们需要设置一下网卡配置。 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 | ||
``` | ||
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使用 `vi` 命令编辑第一块网卡的配置 | ||
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```bash | ||
DEVICE=eth0 | ||
HWADDR=00:0C:29:50:58:BE | ||
TYPE=Ethernet | ||
UUID=58f93b51-314d-49bb-9db2-036bf91161fb | ||
ONBOOT=no | ||
NM_CONTROLLED=yes | ||
BOOTPROTO=dhcp | ||
``` | ||
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只需要将 `ONBOOT` 修改为 `yes` ,然后保存。 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# service network restart | ||
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] | ||
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] | ||
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] | ||
Bringing up interface eth0: | ||
Determining IP information for eth0... done. | ||
[ OK ] | ||
``` | ||
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这时候我们再查看一下ip | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | ||
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:50:58:BE | ||
inet addr:192.168.100.128 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 | ||
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:58be/64 Scope:Link | ||
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 | ||
RX packets:302 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 | ||
TX packets:189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 | ||
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 | ||
RX bytes:33591 (32.8 KiB) TX bytes:29591 (28.8 KiB) | ||
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lo Link encap:Local Loopback | ||
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 | ||
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host | ||
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 | ||
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 | ||
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 | ||
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 | ||
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) | ||
``` | ||
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网卡的配置已经被应用到了,我们CentOS的IP是 `192.168.100.128` 你的可能和我不一样,那这个192.168.100开头的网段是在哪里设置的呢? | ||
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![](https://ooo.0o0.ooo/2016/09/09/57d2293d28fe5.png) | ||
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点击虚拟网络编辑器 | ||
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![](https://ooo.0o0.ooo/2016/09/09/57d229a2311f4.png) | ||
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如果你在执行 `service network restart` 的时候失败可以在这里修改一个网段试试。 | ||
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此时你已经可以使用SSH工具连接到你的CenOS主机了。 | ||
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关于更详细的网络设置大家可以参考这2篇文章: | ||
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- [虚拟机下CentOS 6.5配置IP地址的三种方法](http://www.centoscn.com/CentOS/config/2014/1112/4112.html) | ||
- [Vmware安装Centos NAT方式设置静态IP](http://www.centoscn.com/CentosBug/osbug/2015/1224/6568.html) | ||
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## yum源设置 | ||
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先安装 `wget` 工具,我们安装的操作系统mini版的,默认没有wget命令,执行以下命令: | ||
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```bash | ||
yum install -y wget | ||
``` | ||
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然后设置yum源,我选择的是网易的源,你也可以设置阿里的或者其他。 | ||
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```bash | ||
cd /etc/yum.repos.d | ||
mv CentOS-Base.repo bak-CentOS-Base.repo | ||
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo | ||
yum clean all | ||
yum makecache | ||
``` | ||
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安全性的配置在这里先不讲解,我们先用 `root`账户来操作。 | ||
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## links | ||
* [目录](<README.md>) | ||
* 上一节: [在虚拟机里安装centos6](<virtual-machine-install-centos6.md>) | ||
* 下一节: [安装jdk环境](<install-jdk.md>) |
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# 安装jdk环境 | ||
# 安装jdk环境 | ||
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服务器上如果不需要编码实际应该不安装JDK只安装JRE,我们考虑到以后可能安装其他软件就直接装JDK了。 | ||
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## 下载JDK | ||
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[下载jdk](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10268583/downloading-java-jdk-on-linux-via-wget-is-shown-license-page-instead) | ||
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上面的连接是stackoverflow有开发者写的不使用cookie下载jdk和jre的命令。 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u102-b14/jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz | ||
--2016-09-09 19:57:01-- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u102-b14/jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz | ||
Resolving download.oracle.com... 23.4.240.57, 23.4.240.59 | ||
Connecting to download.oracle.com|23.4.240.57|:80... connected. | ||
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found | ||
Location: http://120.52.72.24:80/download.oracle.com/c3pr90ntc0td/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u102-b14/jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz [following] | ||
--2016-09-09 19:57:01-- http://120.52.72.24/download.oracle.com/c3pr90ntc0td/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u102-b14/jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz | ||
Connecting to 120.52.72.24:80... connected. | ||
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | ||
Length: 181435897 (173M) [application/x-gzip] | ||
Saving to: “jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz” | ||
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100%[==================================================================================================================================>] 181,435,897 2.07M/s in 85s | ||
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2016-09-09 19:58:26 (2.04 MB/s) - “jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz” saved [181435897/181435897] | ||
``` | ||
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## 解压 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u102-linux-x64.tar.gz | ||
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/java | ||
[root@localhost ~]# mv jdk1.8.0_102/ /usr/local/java/ | ||
``` | ||
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## 配置环境变量 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile | ||
``` | ||
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在最后一行添加 | ||
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```bash | ||
# java | ||
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_102 | ||
export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_102/jre | ||
export CLASSPATH=.:$JRE_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib/tools.jar | ||
export PATH=$JRE_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH | ||
``` | ||
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## 生效 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile | ||
[root@localhost ~]# java -version | ||
java version "1.8.0_102" | ||
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_102-b14) | ||
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.102-b14, mixed mode) | ||
``` | ||
这里我安装的是最新版的JDK。 | ||
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## links | ||
* [目录](<README.md>) | ||
* 上一节: [初始化操作系统](<init-os.md>) | ||
* 下一节: [安装tomcat](<install-tomcat.md>) |
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# 安装tomcat | ||
# 安装tomcat | ||
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上一章节我们安装了JDK的环境,Tomcat运行的前提是要有JDK环境。 | ||
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## 下载Tomcat | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.5/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.5.tar.gz | ||
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.5.tar.gz | ||
[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.5 /usr/local/tomcat8 | ||
``` | ||
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## 启动tomcat | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/ | ||
[root@localhost bin]# ./startup.sh | ||
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat8 | ||
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat8 | ||
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat8/temp | ||
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_102/jre | ||
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat8/bin/tomcat-juli.jar | ||
Tomcat started. | ||
``` | ||
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现在打开 [http://192.168.100.128:8080](http://192.168.100.128:8080) 应该就可以看到Tomcat的汤姆猫页面。 | ||
而事实是你看到这个: | ||
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![](https://ooo.0o0.ooo/2016/09/09/57d23ea8c353e.png) | ||
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哦草。。。为什么,机智的同学已经想到了,防火墙啊。对我们没有对防火墙进行任何配置,实际上8080端口是不对外开放的, | ||
那么如何解决呢? | ||
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- 关闭防火墙 | ||
- 开放8080端口 | ||
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## 配置防火墙 | ||
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在CentOS上关闭防火墙是非常简单的 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost bin]# service iptables stop | ||
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ] | ||
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] | ||
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] | ||
``` | ||
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这时候你再访问 [http://192.168.100.128:8080](http://192.168.100.128:8080) 就可以看到 | ||
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![](https://ooo.0o0.ooo/2016/09/09/57d23f752bfce.png) | ||
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当然这种方式是简单粗暴的,我们在真实服务器上不可能这么做,怎么做呢? | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables | ||
``` | ||
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我们看到 `iptables` 的默认配置是这样的: | ||
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```bash | ||
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall | ||
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended. | ||
*filter | ||
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] | ||
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] | ||
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] | ||
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT | ||
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT | ||
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT | ||
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT | ||
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited | ||
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited | ||
COMMIT | ||
``` | ||
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只需要添加一行和 `22` 端口一样的配置: | ||
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```bash | ||
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT | ||
``` | ||
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这样既把8080的TCP端口对外开放了,然后重启防火墙 | ||
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```bash | ||
[root@localhost bin]# service iptables restart | ||
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ] | ||
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] | ||
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] | ||
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ] | ||
``` | ||
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可以达到同样的效果。 |
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