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# Morals Matter, But Not For Everyone | ||
## The Conditionality of Moral Foundations in Political Reasoning | ||
# Measuring Morality in Political Attitude Expression | ||
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### Abstract | ||
This study explores the role of morality in political reasoning by analyzing whether and how individuals evoke moral considerations when discussing their political beliefs. The proposed measurement approach identifies references to moral intuitions in open-ended responses using a dictionary previously validated in the literature on moral foundations. The analyses demonstrate systematic ideological differences in moral reasoning and extend previous findings by showing that the expression of moral considerations is conditional on individual political knowledge and exposure to political discourse. Moral arguments have a powerful influence on public opinion and political behavior but this relationship is most evident among the politically knowledgeable---implying that moral foundations are as much learned from the political world as they are innate. | ||
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### Keywords | ||
Moral Foundations Theory, Political Reasoning, Ideology, Political Behavior, Open-ended Survey Responses | ||
This study explores whether and how individuals evoke moral considerations when discussing their political beliefs. Analyzing open-ended responses in the 2012 American National Election Study (ANES) using a previously validated dictionary, I find systematic ideological differences in moral reasoning - even when respondents are not explicitly asked about morality. The study proceeds to show that the reliance on moral considerations in attitude expression is conditional on the moral content of individual media environments. |