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robua221 · Oct 30, 2023 · 229abb7 · 229abb7
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diff --git a/.gitbook/assets/contributors.png b/.gitbook/assets/contributors.png
diff --git a/book.json b/book.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  "website": "https://sumankunwar.com.np",
  "keywords": "learn JavaScript, Beginners lessons",
  "language": "en",
- "totalpages": 114,
+ "totalpages": 239,
  "hidepageheaders": [1,2, 3, 10, 40],
  "hidepagefooters": [1,2, 3, 10, 40],
  "plugins": [

diff --git a/book_en.pdf b/book_en.pdf
diff --git a/en/Contributions.md b/en/Contributions.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-pageNumber: V
+pageNumber: VI
 chapter: 
 ---
 
@@ -21,6 +21,5 @@ chapter:
 
 ### Contributors
 ---
-
-[![](https://contributors-img.web.app/image?repo=sumn2u/learn-javascript)](https://github.com/sumn2u/learn-javascript/graphs/contributors)
+![Contributors](../.gitbook/assets/contributors.png)
 
diff --git a/en/README.md b/en/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 1
-pageNumber: 7
+pageNumber: 8
 description: JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted, and dynamically-typed programming language primarily used for web development. It is one of the core technologies used to create interactive and dynamic websites and web applications. 
 ---
 # Chapter 1

diff --git a/en/SUMMARY.md b/en/SUMMARY.md
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
  - [Length](strings/length.md)
  - [Concatenation](strings/concat.md)
  - [Split](strings/split.md)
+ - [CharAt](strings/charAt.md)
+ - [Substring](strings/substring.md)
 - [Conditional Logic](conditional/README.md)
  - [If](conditional/if.md)
  - [Else](conditional/else.md)

diff --git a/en/arrays/README.md b/en/arrays/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 36
+pageNumber: 46
 description: Array is a list of data and are fundamental part of programming. Here, we can store a lot of data of different types.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/arrays/for-each.md b/en/arrays/for-each.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 46
+pageNumber: 56
 description: The forEach method executes a provided function once for each array element. 
 ---
 # For Each

diff --git a/en/arrays/indices.md b/en/arrays/indices.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 48
+pageNumber: 58
 description: Arrays are collection of elements and each element is assigned numerical position called index. Indices are zero based, meaning first element of array has index of 0, second has an index of 1 and so on. 
 ---
 # Indices

diff --git a/en/arrays/join.md b/en/arrays/join.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 43
+pageNumber: 53
 description: The join method turns the array in a string an joins it all together without modifying the original array. 
 ---
 # Join

diff --git a/en/arrays/length.md b/en/arrays/length.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 44
+pageNumber: 54
 description: Arrays have a property called length that measures the length of an array. 
 ---
 # Length

diff --git a/en/arrays/map.md b/en/arrays/map.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 39 
+pageNumber: 49 
 description: The map method iterates over an array and modifies its element using a callback function. This callback function is applied to each element of the array.
 ---
 # Map

diff --git a/en/arrays/pop.md b/en/arrays/pop.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 42 
+pageNumber: 52 
 description: The pop methods remove the last element of an array and returns the result. This method changes the array length.
 ---
 # Pop

diff --git a/en/arrays/push.md b/en/arrays/push.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 45 
+pageNumber: 55 
 description: The push method adds element in an array making the last index the newly added item. This method changes the array length and returns a new length. 
 ---
 # Push

diff --git a/en/arrays/reverse.md b/en/arrays/reverse.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 47 
+pageNumber: 59 
 description: To add an element at the beginning of an array we can use the reverse method. It modifies the original array and return the new array length.
 ---
 # Reverse

diff --git a/en/arrays/shift.md b/en/arrays/shift.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 41 
+pageNumber: 51 
 description: The shift method deletes the first index element of array and move all indexes to the left. It modifies the original array.
 ---
 # Shift

diff --git a/en/arrays/slice.md b/en/arrays/slice.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 48 
+pageNumber: 60 
 description: The Javascript arr.slice() method returns a new array containing a portion of the array on which it is implemented. The original remains unchanged.
 ---
 # Slice

diff --git a/en/arrays/sort.md b/en/arrays/sort.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 47
+pageNumber: 57
 description: The sort method sorts the items of an array in specific order. By default, it sorts the elements as strings and arranges them in ascending order based on their UTF-16 code unit values. 
 ---
 # Sort

diff --git a/en/arrays/spread.md b/en/arrays/spread.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 40 
+pageNumber: 50 
 description: Spread operator allows array or object to quickly manipulate arrays and objects. It provides a concise syntax for copying, merging, or extracting elements from arrays, and for copying properties from objects. 
 ---
 # Spread

diff --git a/en/arrays/unshift.md b/en/arrays/unshift.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 6
-pageNumber: 38 
+pageNumber: 48 
 description: To add an element at the beginning of an array we can use the unshift method. It modifies the original array and return the new array length.
 ---
 # Unshift

diff --git a/en/basics/README.md b/en/basics/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 2
-pageNumber: 8
+pageNumber: 10
 description: Programming means writing code. A book is made up of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, phrases, words, and finally punctuation and letters, likewise a program can be broken down into smaller and smaller components.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/basics/comments.md b/en/basics/comments.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 2
-pageNumber: 10
+pageNumber: 11
 description: Comments are used to mark annotations for other programmers or small descriptions about the code that helps others to understand it. These statement are not executed by the interpreter.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/basics/equality.md b/en/basics/equality.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 2
-pageNumber: 15
+pageNumber: 16
 description: The equality operator is used for comparision. It can to determine if two variables are equal, even if they are not of the same type.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/basics/types.md b/en/basics/types.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 2
-pageNumber: 13
+pageNumber: 14
 description: Types are the kinds of data that can be represented and manipulated in the language. 
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/basics/variables.md b/en/basics/variables.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 2
-pageNumber: 11
+pageNumber: 12
 description: Variables are used to store and hold data. It can hold various types of values, such as numbers, strings, booleans, objects, arrays, functions and more.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/README.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 79
+pageNumber: 97
 description: The browser object model lets us interact with the browser window. Through it one can control or manipulate various aspects of the browser, such as the window, frames, history, location, and more.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/cookies.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/cookies.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 84
+pageNumber: 102
 description: Cookies are pieces of information that are store on a computer and can be accessed by the browser
 ---
 # Cookies 🍪

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/history.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/history.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 85
+pageNumber: 103
 description: History object manages the browser's history stack. As we navigate to pages new entries get pushed into the stack.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/location.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/location.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 86
+pageNumber: 104
 description: The location is a built-in object that represents the current URL of the web page being displayed in the browser. It provides current web page's location and allows to perform various operations related to URLs.
 ---
 # Location

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/navigator.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/navigator.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 83
+pageNumber: 101
 description: The navigator is a built-in object that provides information about the user's web browser and the user's system. It contains various properties and methods that give access to information about the user's environment, such as the browser's name, version, user agent, language preferences, and more.
 ---
 # Navigator

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/popup.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/popup.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 81
+pageNumber: 99
 description: Popups are small window that appears on top of main browser to provide information. It is used to show notifications, alerts, dialogs, login forms, or any other content that should appear temporarily or in a separate context from the main page.
 ---
 # Popup

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/screen.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/screen.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 82
+pageNumber: 100
 description: The screen object contains the information about the screen on which the current window is being rendered. It allows developers to access properties related to the user's screen size, resolution, color depth, and other display-related information.
 ---
 # Screen

diff --git a/en/browser-object-model-bom/window.md b/en/browser-object-model-bom/window.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 16
-pageNumber: 80
+pageNumber: 98
 description: window is a global object that represents the browser window or tab in which the current web page is loaded. The window object acts as the global object for client-side JavaScript, meaning that variables and functions declared without the var, let, or const keywords become properties and methods of the window object.
 ---
 # Window

diff --git a/en/classes/README.md b/en/classes/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 15
-pageNumber: 75
+pageNumber: 93
 description: Classes are templates for creating an object. It encapsulates data with code to work on with data. The keyword class is used to create a class. 
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/classes/access-modifiers.md b/en/classes/access-modifiers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 15
-pageNumber: 78
+pageNumber: 96
 description: Access modifiers control the visibility and accessibility of class members (properties and methods). public, private, and protected are the three access modifiers used in class to control its access from the outside. By default, all members (properties, fields, methods, or functions) are publicly accessible from outside the class.
 ---
 # Access Modifiers

diff --git a/en/classes/inheritance.md b/en/classes/inheritance.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 15
-pageNumber: 77
+pageNumber: 95
 description: Inheritance refers to the ability of an object (subclass) to inherit properties and methods from another object (superclass). JavaScript supports prototypal inheritance, which means that objects can inherit properties and methods directly from other objects, known as prototypes.
 ---
 # Inheritance

diff --git a/en/classes/static.md b/en/classes/static.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 15
-pageNumber: 76
+pageNumber: 94
 description: The static keyword defines the static methods or properties for a class. When a method or property is defined as static within a class, then it belongs to the class itself rather than to instances (objects) of the class 
 ---
 # Static

diff --git a/en/conditional/README.md b/en/conditional/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 29
+pageNumber: 38
 description: Conditions are essential for writing dynamic and responsive code that can adapt to different scenarios and make decisions based on input, user interactions, or data. 
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/conditional/comparators.md b/en/conditional/comparators.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 34
+pageNumber: 44
 description: Comparators are functions that are used to compare two values and determine their relationship. Here. the returned value indicates whether the values are equal, greater than, less than, or some other relationship based on a specific comparison criterion. 
 ---
 # Comparators

diff --git a/en/conditional/concatenate.md b/en/conditional/concatenate.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 35
+pageNumber: 45
 description: Concatenating condition refers to combining multiple conditions using logical operators to create more complex and sophisticated conditionals.
 ---
 # Concatenate

diff --git a/en/conditional/else.md b/en/conditional/else.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 31
+pageNumber: 41
 description: The else keyword used in conjunction with the if statement to provide an alternative code block to execute when the condition specified in the if statement evaluates to false.
 ---
 # Else

diff --git a/en/conditional/if.md b/en/conditional/if.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 30
+pageNumber: 39
 description: The if condition evaluates the condition, and if the condition is true, the code block following the if statement is executed; otherwise, it is skipped.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/conditional/switch.md b/en/conditional/switch.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 chapter: 5
-pageNumber: 32
+pageNumber: 42
 description: Switch is a conditional statement that performs actions based on different conditions. It uses strict comparison to match the conditions and executes the code blocks of matched condition.
 ---
 # Switch

diff --git a/en/date-and-time.md b/en/date-and-time.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 10
-pageNumber: 64
+pageNumber: 78
 description: The date object stores date and time and provides methods for managing it. Date objects are static and use a browser's default timezone to display the date as a full-text string.
 ---
 

diff --git a/en/design-patterns/README.md b/en/design-patterns/README.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 layout: editorial
 chapter: 23
 
-pageNumber: 92
+pageNumber: 190
 description: Design Patterns
 ---
 # Chapter 23

diff --git a/en/design-patterns/behavioral-patterns.md b/en/design-patterns/behavioral-patterns.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 layout: editorial
 title: Behavioral Design Patterns in Javascript
 description: Focus on how objects communicate with each other and assigning responsibilities to them.
+chapter: 23
+pageNumber: 214
 ---
 
 # Behavioral Design Patterns

diff --git a/en/design-patterns/creational-patterns.md b/en/design-patterns/creational-patterns.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 layout: editorial
 title: Creational Design Patterns in Javascript
 description: Creational design patterns focus on object creation mechanisms
+chapter: 23
+pageNumber: 191
 ---
 
 # Creational Design Patterns

diff --git a/en/design-patterns/structural-patterns.md b/en/design-patterns/structural-patterns.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 layout: editorial
 title: Structural Design Patterns in Javascript
 description: Focus on how classes and objects are composed to form larger structures
+chapter: 23
+pageNumber: 200
 ---
 
 # Structural Design Patterns