The Salesforce Lightning Component Framework is the next-generation component based development framework for Salesforce. It's based on the Aura open source library, and uses a mixture of Javascript on the client and Apex on the Server. This is a simple tutorial for creating a Lightning App that displays headline news about Salesforce Lightning from the FeedZilla Newsfeed API.

Read about it here: http://www.mobileandemerging.technology/a-simple-salesforce-lightning-news-app/

When complete, it looks like this when running from within Salesforce1:

{<1>}

And it looks like this when running as a standalone app:

{<2>}

You should note that all of the source contained within is namespaced with "lightningtom". This is currently a requirement of using the Lightning Component Framework, and since you'll be using an org with a different namespace, you'll want to find/replace any instances of "lightningtom" with your org's namespace. If you're confused, check this link to learn more about registering a namespace prefix.